著者

村上 恒夫

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.61-72, 2004-05-10 (Released:2017-01-02)

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How an IT-based society should inform its citizens of potential natural disasters in advance so that they can take preventive measures. This is the main point that this paper is going to consider.The process of urbanization has gone so far as to reach rural and mountainous regions and to expose inhabitants concerned to the threats of natural disasters. Populated areas have expanded. More and more people have come to inhabit areas where no or few people lived formerly. In proportion to that, workings of nature are no longer mere forces of nature, but have become causes of an increasing number of actual threats and disasters. The point is whether local governments or municipal corporations are sufficiently equipped and prepared to provide that kind of information which residents of areas concerned really need and find useful in preventing disasters?The author has looked through disaster prevention information websites, especially of local governments. The examination revealed that some local governments are doing the very best they can to provide necessary information and others make little effort, that the methods they use of providing information are quite various, that this diversity and difference in turn give rise to information gaps between one government and another. These and other facts all point to an important issue: there is still a long way to go before most local governments can provide necessary and sufficient information of natural disasters by means of IT.

著者

三上 季彦

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.73-84, 2004-05-10 (Released:2017-01-02)

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After the end of World War II, Japanese economy continued to grow phenomenally for a long period of time. This is largely due to a system, called the main bank system, under which business corporations and their main banks are closely and effectively connected. While the system works well, everything goes well. However, when the bubble economy of the 1880s burst, the Japanese economy plunged into a slump which lasted for some ten years – a period usually called “a lost decade.” The system stopped working properly. This malfunction reflects an inadequate monitoring of corporate management and an insufficient risk control of financing.This essay attempts to define the main bank system in a new and broad perspective and consider the relationships between business corporations and their main banks.

著者

五十嵐 雅郎

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.85-96, 2004-05-10 (Released:2017-01-02)

参考文献数

1

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The Japanese businesses used to set management goals on attaining a certain rate of increase in sales or increasing the share in the domestic industry, but they have finally begun to place emphasis on return on equity (ROE), which is an indicator of how efficiently shareholders’ equity is being used. Calls for more rigorous corporate governance from domestic and foreign institutional investors are behind this shift. The new trend is expected to accelerate innovations in the Japanese companies’ management system as well as in management control measures. In fact, high-growth companies have been adopting economic value added (EVA) or market value added (MVA) as their management benchmarks in increasing numbers.

著者

佐々木 健

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.1-12, 2005-06-18 (Released:2017-01-02)

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This is an attempt to revaluate the world of ideas of Adam Smith in an intellectual-historicalperspective. Instead of judging his system of ideas simply in terms of whether it is “modern” ornot, whether he is a founder of a system of “modern sciences” of society, or from a viewpoint oflogical or theoretical consistencies in his system, the author considers the whole complex of hisideas at those points where two different dimensions of thought meet together. Intellectualexperiments are made by putting his key concepts and main fields of intellectual inquiry at where ahorizontal anthropological plane of each individual field of thought is crossed by a verticalcosmological or theological axis of a hierarchy of values and orders. In this manner, by locatinghis notion of “economy” in the hierarchical order of “divine economy”, “cosmic economy” and“political economy”, as well as in the context of the history of the notion of economy that tracesback to the Aristotelian concept of “oikonomia”, we can get a definite notion of what “politicaleconomy” was about in its early days as a “modern” discipline, and also in what kind of climate ofopinion and against what intellectual background it made itself into what it really became. Thisis a frame of reference in terms of which the author is going to examine the whole world ofSmith’s ideas, so that he can understand what Adam Smith means to the present scene ofphilosophical thinking, and grope his way through an inquiry into what the Society of Mankindought to be in the 21st century.

著者

大畑 剛

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.13-24, 2005-06-18 (Released:2017-01-02)

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Policy responses to LTCM rescue in 1998 was that only extreme leverage was the causeof the trouble and appropriate leverage and speculation which utilize short selling andderivatives gives liquidity and efficiency to the market. Leverage should be dealt byprivate counterparty discipline.Securities Exchange Commission are concerned with thegrowth of hedge funds without basic information on them. They basically regard hedgefund as useful to investors and securities market and has come up with the idea ofregistration of hedge funds, which hardly disrupt their investment activities. Hedge fundsare very American in that they naively believe that speculation motivated by greed givesmarket liquidity and efficiency.

著者

臼杵 政治

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.25-36, 2005-06-18 (Released:2017-01-02)

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In the last few years, we have witnessed two alterations in financial accounting and reporting rules concerningpension plans. In the United Kingdom, accounting rule FRS 17, which stipulates the immediate recognition of actuarialgains and losses, will come into force in 2005. Meanwhile, in the United States, FAS 132 was amended in 2004 tostipulate the detailed disclosure of financial expectations and results of pension plan operations and management policies.It is probable that one of these two changes will spread to financial reporting in Japan, as IASB has already adopted themin its new rules. The financial impact that the adoption of these two changes could have in Japan is ambiguous, anddepends in large part on investor behavior. Considering the similarity to current accounting standards and the consistencywith their underlying concepts, it is more likely for Japan to introduce a comprehensive disclosure rule for pensionssimilar to FAS 132 in the U.S than the immediate recognition of actuarial gains and losses similar to FRS17 in the U.K.

著者

小森 正彦

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.37-49, 2005-06-18 (Released:2017-01-02)

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Japan’s industrial clusters are sometimes projected in inconvenient sites apart from existingagglomeration. MEXT’s Knowledge-intensive Clusters are dispersed to eighteen local regions,excluding the capital region which retains many of the country’s scientists and research facilities. In thecapital region, several state-of-the-art research centers are not networked well, making face-to-facecommunication difficult. Mobilization of knowledge-worker stocks is not always easy in such artificiallocations. They need to be equipped with quality of life and proximity to facilitate knowledge workers’sustainable interaction.Many of the current cluster projects target at life science, which tend to be more risky than ITand other industries. The United States mitigate such risks through venture business utilization andample fund provision by NIH and venture capital firms. Japan’s clusters need to effectively mobilizestartup companies and government budgets that are currently dispersed among related ministries.For region’s endogenous development, universities should provide necessary human capital andknowledge. Market needs must be closely monitored, and startups should be further mobilized.Supporting institutions should network the related parties and integrate the individual efforts. Japan’smatured and high-standard market would sophisticate life-oriented products and services. Life scienceand other technologies are to improve our quality of life.

著者

佐々木 健

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.10-24, 2004-05-10 (Released:2017-01-02)

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This is an introductory essay towards establishing what intellectual and cultural heritage Adam Smith (1723-1790), one of the representative figures of the eighteenth-century “Enlightenment”, specifically “Scottish Enlightenment”, left for the twenty-first century. Attempts are made in this essay to analyze and dissect the thought world of Adam Smith in its logical make-up and intellectual-historical setting.The first thing to note is the intellectual interest Smith took throughout his academic career in the seven subjects of “artes liberales” and those fields of study which fell under the three branches of Logic (or a theory of knowledge), Natural Philosophy and Moral Philosophy according to the eighteenth-century British manner of dividing Philosophy, or logikē, physikē and ethikē in the Stoicist division of sciences.Secondly, in his lectures and essays, Smith discussed and criticized several existing branches of learning or systems of ideas, such as natural philosophy, natural theology, natural morality, natural jurisprudence, and so forth. The point to be noted is that while these names referred to those sciences which were actually taught and prevalent in the intellectual climate of the age in question, Smith stressed the “natural” character of every one of these systems. In this sense he was a legitimate successor to Hume in the philosophy of human nature or Moral Philosophy as it was called in the eighteenth-century climate. By “natural”, Smith meant: starting from the basis of human nature and never getting remote from it; according to human nature; in accordance with the principles of human nature; capable of meeting the basic needs of human nature. Bringing ready-made systems of thought back to the foundation of human nature, Smith reduced them to its principles. By using the method of what K. Marx and, following him, a twentieth-century Japanese philosopher K. Miki called “the genealogy of theories”, Smith demonstrated how physical and social theories, systems of thought, moral and ethical rules, social institutions are formed and constituted on the basis, and starting from the foundation, of human nature.It is important to focus upon the vital role which the “imagination” plays in Smith’s system of thought. It is the imagination that, starting from the basis of human nature, brings into a complete form what remains imperfect on the basis of human nature. Insofar, the imagination takes on the task of artificial completion of what nature cannot carry out to an end.These are the questions which the essay tries to examine. This is in order to reconstruct the imagination and remake it; render it original and creative; and as is the subject of the essays to follow, revitalize it so that it can meet the needs of a new intelligence and help it find its way through the chaos of

著者

小森 正彦

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.25-36, 2005-05-10 (Released:2017-01-02)

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Industrial clusters in the US, Europe and Asia are equipped with provisions for “quality of life” (QOL), while those in Japan are often artificially located in isolated areas and lack QOL.Knowledge workers appreciate urban convenience, life amenities, open culture, natural environment, leisure activities, and other aspects of QOL, on top of challenging and rewarding jobs; therefore, a region’s QOL, among other factors, can attract and sustain knowledge workers, thereby promoting innovation and strengthening the industrial cluster’s competitiveness. In return, an industrial cluster can create employment, increase a region’s revenues from personal income and other taxes, provide “civic entrepreneurs” who take the leadership of regional development, and improve a region’s QOL.This productive cycle between QOL and industrial clusters can be a key factor in improving a region in a sustainable way. Local governments should not forget to improve the region’s QOL when developing industrial clusters in the age of inter-regional competition in the knowledge economy.

著者

立石 佳代

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.37-48, 2004-05-10 (Released:2017-01-02)

参考文献数

15

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With the globalization of development and production, the position of automobile part suppliers is rising. From among auto parts manufacturers that operate and carry out technological innovation overseas, independent of automobile manufacturers at home, a new type of suppliers have emerged – Tier One Automobile Part Suppliers. They can provide key auto parts on a global scale. This is where the Japanese automobile supplier system, in spite of its reputation as a world model, is forced to transform itself.

著者

情野 瑞穂

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.49-60, 2004-05-10 (Released:2017-01-02)

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Today the Islam world is confronted with difficult problems of radical political campaigns largely imbued with ideologies of “Islam Fundamentalism”. In several Southeast Asian countries, fierce political movements are often conducted by groups of radical fundamentalists. This is particularly true in the Philippines and Indonesia.However, Malaysia can be regarded as an exception. With the former Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad exercising strong leadership in taking effective measures for public security and economic takeoff, this country has succeeded in subduing extreme fundamentalist movements. Mahathir has been instrumental in securing the peace of the country; during the 22 years in office, by peace-keeping policies, he contributed to establishing the national stability of a country which comprises Malaysians, Chinese, Indians, and other ethnical groups.On October 31, 2003, Mahathir resigned from his post. Abdulah bin Haji Ahmad Badawi succeeded him and took over his office. It is true that Abdulah is now revered and respected by the people. However, his ability as a political leader is still to be seen. Since in Malaysia, internal security and economic development of the country largely depends on the social stability of the Islam groups, it is absolutely necessary to keep security within the country. This is the first thing he has to do. It is up to the new prime minister, and everything depends upon his ability to carry out his own policies and administer the country.

著者

安保 克也

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.39-50, 2009

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In many cases, what a private person or persons, a group or groups, whether known or not, express on the computer network can be defamating others or regarded as defamation. <br>The Internet is a useful tool for expressing ourselves. However, the ability to express ideas anytime, anywhere on the Internet creates a risk of defamation by others, and such defamating and illegal acts could easily be expanded and reproduced by copying them. The resulting amount of damage caused can easily become much greater than before the use of the Internet was common in society. <br> By analyzing decisions of courts of justice on defamation on the computer network, this article examines the responsibility of those who express themselves on the Internet and of the Internet service providers respectively. <br>It also examines the significance of the Japanese Act on the Limitation of Liability for Damages of Specified Telecommunications Service Providers and the Right to Demand Disclosure of Identification Information of the Senders.

著者

増子 保志

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.27-35, 2015

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With the start of the "Fifteen-Year War" against China by the outbreak of the Manchurian Incident on September 18, 1931, the press reports of the period came to be focussed on military operations in mainland China. The nation-wide hurly-burly in wartime, brought about by dramatic changes of the social situation, prepared a way to the establishment of war footing. In this atmosphere "Sensou Bidan" or "amazing stories of self-sacrificing warriors" were fabricated to "applaud their valiance." Was it the State Power that forced the press to invent such tales? Or was it the press which prepared the path to this propagation? In order to see that the state power and the press went hand in hand in each stage of the war, I will take up "Nikudan Sanyushi" ( "In Praise of the Three Suicide-Bombing Heroes") which marked the summit of the campaign.

著者

村中 朋之

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.46-57, 2012

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In his <i>Heibiron</i> or <i>On Preparing for War</i>, Miura Goro, one of Generals of Meiji, made a proposal concerning the strategy of national defense. His way of thinking about this matter placed him outside the mainstream of the army because it was quite different from that of the leading faction at the period of mid-Meiji. This group of people, such as Yamagata Aritomo, Katsura Taro, envisioned a strategy of national defense in which mobile power of divisions was to be kept in proper control. In contrast, Miura stressed the importance of a defense strategy which would make it possible to destroy invading enemy or enemies most efficiently at the point where they were to land the island country. This argument led to the idea of establishing "Gokyougun" (national defense army) which consisted of one million people. In this article the author considers Miura's notion of this strategy and his reasons for thinking it necessary, finally making clear that a radical change in the concept of war was going on in his thought and arguments.