著者

Nobuhiro MIFUNE Yang LI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2019-B008, (Released:2019-12-25)

参考文献数

70

被引用文献数

4 4

---

General trust, or trust in people with unknown personal backgrounds and with whom there is no interpersonal relationship, is key for the formation of an effective society. The Trust Game has long been a popular behavioral measurement of general trust; however, other measurements, such as the Faith Game, are increasingly attracting attention. Nevertheless, while the psychological and neural mechanisms of trust in the Trust Game have been revealed in numerous studies, little is known about trust in the Faith Game. In the present study, we exploratorily examined how behavioral trust in both the Trust Game and Faith Game correlates with trust-related individual characteristics (i.e., attitudinal trust, social caution, and social value orientation). The results showed that attitudinal trust is only related to the trust shown in the Trust Game, and that risk aversion and betrayal aversion are related to the trust shown in both games.

著者

L. Takeo DOI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.117-123, 1962 (Released:2021-09-09)

被引用文献数

2

著者

Takashi TSUKIURA

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.1-3, 2023 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

7

著者

L. Takeo DOI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.1-7, 1962 (Released:2021-09-08)

被引用文献数

6

著者

Takahiro MIURA Ken-ichiro YABU

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-B031, (Released:2023-12-04)

参考文献数

217

被引用文献数

2

---

Support systems have been developed to facilitate the active participation of the visually and hearing impaired, as these impairments limit information acquisition and activities. However, efforts to improve the quality and quantity of information presented to persons with disabilities are still in the developmental stage due to the unique perception and recognition styles in persons with visual and hearing impairments. By clarifying such perception and recognition mechanisms and the current status of assistive technologies, researchers can develop support schemes taking advantage of the abilities of people with visual and hearing impairments, and extend their information processing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to organize the unique characteristics of perceptual ability and communication strategies reportedly acquired by persons with visual and hearing impairments and the information assurance methods based on sensory substitution. For the visually impaired, we describe a visual substitution system that focuses on sound and tactile information, in addition to their sensory substitution functions. We also introduce example applications through support methods in parasports and computer games. For the hearing impaired, we review communication methods and support strategies using information devices.

著者

Masataka NAKAYAMA Chihiro HATANAKA Yuka SUZUKI Yasushi SUGIHARA

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-B030, (Released:2023-10-02)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

1

---

Text-based online counseling services are rapidly spreading, especially among younger generations. However, previous research on text-based online counseling is limited to young users in Western countries. Given its potential utility for broader populations, description of the public image of the service is necessary to reach broader populations. The current study aimed to describe public images of text-based online counseling in Japan, focusing on generational differences. An online survey asked Japanese participants (N = 614) from a wide age range (M = 41.77; SD = 11.98, range = 20 to 76) to freely describe their image and impressions of “SNS counseling,” the Japanese term for text-based counseling. We quantified each description with the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) algorithm, a deep learning technology for natural language processing. We explored the components of images of text-based online counseling that linearly correlate with age. The main result indicated that the image of text-based online counseling among younger participants clustered around lightness, with both positive and negative connotations. Younger participants regarded text-based online counseling as easy to access but less serious. The image of text-based online counseling among older participants indicated that they were anxious about not being able to see the “face” of the counselor, and were concerned about security and privacy.

著者

Noraini M. NOOR Shukran Abdul RAHMAN Jamil FAROOQUI Ahmad Muhammad NASR Hazizan Md NOON

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.235-245, 2003 (Released:2004-04-06)

参考文献数

21

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This study examined the psychological profile of effeminates (n = 45) in comparison with matched-groups of normal males (n = 45) and females (n = 45). Respondents were Malaysian students aged between 19-24 years. Results of the one-way analyses of variance showed that effeminate students were similar to females in terms of their perceptions of their body image, thinking, and gender characteristics. However, they were more androgynous than normal female students. Although effeminates reported the lowest level of self-esteem, contrary to prediction, they showed low psychological distress. The results are discussed with respect to their current situation as well as the general literature in this area.

著者

WILSON VAN DUSEN

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.11-16, 1961 (Released:2021-08-25)

被引用文献数

5

著者

Atsushi IRIKI Hiroaki SUZUKI Shogo TANAKA Rafael BRETAS VIEIRA Yumiko YAMAZAKI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.151-173, 2021 (Released:2022-02-14)

参考文献数

89

被引用文献数

2 7

---

After a specific point in history, hominin evolution accelerated to a level that could not be accounted for by natural selection alone. An alternative mechanism has been proposed based on mutual interaction among neural, cognitive, and ecological niches in a positive feedback loop (triadic niche construction [TNC]). Nevertheless, the trigger events for the cognitive revolution of Homo sapiens as well as the reasons for this event being limited to a single species remain unknown. In this paper, using a multidisciplinary approach involving psychology, neurobiology, and phenomenology, we propose a shift in the mechanisms underlying TNC, from TNC-1 in hominids to TNC-2 in Homo sapiens, to answer these questions. As the hominin brain expanded during TNC-1, latent cognitive capabilities were incubated within its neural framework to be expressed with a simple rewiring among brain areas in TNC-2, a quick and inexpensive process but one that requires a unique set of preconditions to commence. This process was bootstrapped by the advanced function of “projection,” which enabled humans to recognize the “self” in a particular time and space in the world, allowing the manipulation of this world (in both physical and symbolic dimensions) again in a “positive feedback loop.” Finally, on the basis of this hypothesis, we discuss the immediate problems to be addressed in the research fields of cognitive science, archeology, anthropology, and neurobiology.

著者

GOSAKU NARUSE

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.20-26, 1959 (Released:2021-07-21)

被引用文献数

2

著者

Yuta TAKIGUCHI Mariko KIKUTANI Mie MATSUI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-B027, (Released:2023-04-21)

参考文献数

125

被引用文献数

1

---

This article discusses the psychological impact of leisure across a lifetime using a life-course perspective, which assumes that people’s experiences at earlier life stages shape their following developmental trajectories. Since leisure activities are part of one’s lifestyle, adopting this perspective to leisure research is invaluable. By reviewing a variety of research, the article discusses 1) the progress of psychological leisure research and the impact of leisure on subjective well-being and cognitive functioning, 2) transitions in leisure and their relationship from a life-course perspective, and 3) the benefits related to the accumulation of leisure activities across the lifespan. The present review concludes that positive psychological achievement (e.g., self-worth, affirmation, and self-realization) and cognitive foundation (e.g., high levels of basic cognitive skills) shaped through leisure participation in early life stages help overcome challenges in later stages (i.e., successfully adapt to psychological vulnerability and cognitive decline in old age).

著者

Ryo TERAOKA Naoki KURODA Wataru TERAMOTO

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-B028, (Released:2023-02-24)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

---

Body representation is shaped by integrating information from various sensory modalities. This study investigated the relationship between age-related changes in the visuo-proprioceptive integration of body representation and interoceptive ability. Results showed that older adults demonstrated a greater proprioceptive drift than younger counterparts. Further, the results revealed that younger adults’ proprioceptive drift tended to diminish as time elapsed; conversely, older adults did not experience any reduction. No discrepancies were detected between age groups on any interoceptive abilities. However, all participants exhibited a significant positive correlation between their interoceptive sensibility and the degree of body position perception update. Therefore, it can be concluded that the higher their interoceptive sensibility, the more likely it is that participants experience body position perception update. These results suggest that interoceptive ability is associated with the update process of body position perception but does not explain the gap between age groups.

著者

Yuji OGIHARA Yukiko UCHIDA Takashi KUSUMI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.3, pp.213-223, 2014 (Released:2015-07-03)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

9 14

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It has been suggested that individualistic systems have been recently employed in Japan, and Japanese people have become more individualistic. However, previous research suggested that such cultural changes have negative associations with interpersonal relationships and happiness for Japanese (Ogihara & Uchida, 2014). In the present research, to demonstrate a negative aspect of individualism in Japan, we examined the meaning of individualism which Japanese people hold. Japanese participants aged 16 to 69 reported their evaluation to the word “individualism” and their perception of an “individualistic person.” We found that individualism was regarded as being neutral and ambivalent, including both the positive aspect of being “with independence and freedom” and the negative aspect of being “without positive interpersonal relationships.” In contrast, participants predicted others’ evaluation of individualism to be more negative than their own evaluation, since they presumed that others would not consider the positive aspect of independence and freedom.

著者

Yoshinori HIROI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-B024, (Released:2022-07-22)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

---

A wide range of research across academic disciplines including brain sciences, psychology and social sciences are paying attention to the cooperative or altruistic aspects of human behavior or human beings. This can be regarded as an essential departure from the basic paradigm of modern science or the modern model about human beings, which characterizes them as independent or atomistic individuals maximizing self-interests. While there may be a myriad of factors behind such a shift, attention can be focused on one socio-economic factor: the state of a society as determined by the “finite” versus “infinite” character of the total volume of resources and environment. This perspective is explored in this article through theoretical and historical viewpoints and future directions for the “reintegration of economy and ethics” in the post-growth society are presented.

著者

Kyoko TAKAISHI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.4, pp.169-187, 2017 (Released:2019-09-25)

参考文献数

19

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“Ego-experience” is a subjective experience, engraved in the memory, of the awakening of the ego, and was posited by German adolescent psychologists in the early 20th century. In this study, I report on survey results for 215 respondents to a 2005 questionnaire on ego-experience, one of two I administered to students of the same girls’ school, as well as a comparison over time for 622 respondents to a 1982 questionnaire. The results showed that there was no change in the percentage of girls who recall some ego-experience, and those who recall the age of initial experience as about 10. On the other hand, some remarkable changes were observed. Particularly, fewer respondents chose experience in the “ego-consciousness” category as core experiences, suggesting that the subjective world of contemporary adolescents is characterized by less internal confrontation and dialogue. Finally, this paper examines the necessity of taking these changes into account in psychotherapy.

著者

HERBERT SPIEGELBERG

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.135-146, 1961 (Released:2021-08-26)

被引用文献数

4

著者

Xiaodong FEI Shuo ZHAO Jinhui LIU

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2021-A144, (Released:2022-05-12)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

3

---

This study examines the influence of Chinese semantics and phonology on the auditory lexical processing of Japanese Kanji words by Chinese Japanese as a foreign language (JFL) intermediate learners in lexical decision task and translation task. The results of two experiments show that during the auditory lexical processing of Japanese Kanji words, (1) Chinese semantics is activated rapidly and inhibits the lexical activation of Chinese-Japanese homographs, with a stronger inhibitive effect on homographs with a high phonological similarity; (2) Chinese phonology is activated rapidly and inhibits the semantic processing of both cognates and homographs, and the inhibitory effect of Chinese phonology on homographs is stronger than on cognates; (3) The semantic and phonological information therefore shows dual inhibitive effects on homographs with a high phonological similarity in Japanese word processing. These results suggest that there will be strong negative impacts on Chinese learners who mainly rely on Chinese orthography, phonology and semantics in the process of Japanese word learning.

著者

Chifumi SAKATA Yoshiyuki UEDA Michio NOMURA

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2021-A156, (Released:2022-05-23)

参考文献数

54

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Attitude persistence involves the maintenance or reinforcement of an initial attitude, despite the counter-opinions of others. Previous studies suggest that the importance of a topic has a significant impact on attitude persistence. However, it is not clear whether the effect is invariant in different communication environments. This study investigated two presentation modalities (audio and video) and visual access to the speaker’s eyes (looking at the eyes or mouth) to determine whether topic importance invariantly induces irritation about the counter-opinion that leads to attitude persistence. Our results revealed that: 1) irritation upon hearing a counter-opinion led to attitude persistence regardless of the modalities and 2) topic importance affected irritation with the audio presentation; its effect was slightly weaker with the video presentation. Our results also indicate that when the effect of topic importance is directly compared across modalities, it is generally related to irritation in both modalities.

著者

Hideyuki ŌNISHI

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.204-215, 2021 (Released:2022-02-14)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

---

This paper illustrates an ethnographic study that covers the practice of non/pre-modern craftsmanship in folk society, comprehending the mechanism of knowledge and skills which are difficult to visualize and verbalize. This study argues, the technical practice of craft production within folk social society encompasses the materialisation of the invisible/non-verbal implicit knowledge and embodied skills. Moreover, such knowledge and skills are not necessarily limited to non/pre-modern societies, but in contemporary societies after the Industrial Revolution. Finally, it shall be shown that, in Human history, forcing the separation of knowledge and skills, technology had become manualized and verbalized, which lead to an overwhelming majority of society becoming substitutable labourers, eradicating skilled professionals.

著者

Aya SAITO

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2021-B018, (Released:2021-09-16)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

1

---

While crafts such as stone toolmaking date back 2.5–3.4 million years, the earliest undisputed evidence of human-created art comes from the Upper Paleolithic, 12,000–50,000 years ago. Since then, Homo sapiens have continuously created various forms of art. Although the evolutionary rationale behind crafting is straightforward, art’s justification in the general evolutionary context is not, leading to continuing research investigating why art arose without an obvious function aiding adaptation. Our previous research comparing the drawing behaviors of chimpanzees and human children suggested that representational drawing is inspired by likening (pareidolia) against the backdrop of language acquisition. Past studies on children’s drawings have shown that children’s pictures are representational schemas that reflect and transmit their knowledge of objects and incorporate it from others, moderated by cultural differences. After reviewing the cognitive foundation of artistic expression from the perspective of evolution and development, we will discuss how representational art has affected human evolution as a cognitive niche and consider how cognitive psychology can approach the archaeology of art.