著者

中山 琢夫 ラウパッハ・スミヤ ヨーク 諸富 徹 Raupach Sumiya Jorg 諸富 徹 Morotomi Toru

出版者

法政大学サステイナビリティ研究所

雑誌

サステイナビリティ研究 (ISSN:2185260X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.101-115, 2016-03

---

再生可能エネルギーを中心とした「エネルギー自治」の取り組みは、環境的な側面だけでなく、地域経済の強靱化への取り組みである。ドイツにおいて、エネルギー・ヴェンデを推進しようとしている自治体では、連邦政府を上回るレベルで気候変動対策目標を掲げると同時に、地域経済効果を狙っている。ベルリンにあるエコロジー経済研究所は、バリュー・チェーン分析を用いて、地域付加価値を精密に計るモデルを開発した。本稿では、このバリュー・チェーン分析を日本版にアレンジし、この分析モデルの特性を、実際のプロジェクトのケーススタディを通して検証した。さらに、「エネルギー自治」の先駆者である長野県飯田市における再生可能エネルギー事業に適用することで、2030年に向けた地域付加価値創造額のシミュレーションを行った。こうした事業は、投資段階よりも事業運営段階の方が、多くの付加価値を生み出す。そのうち、もっとも大きな部分は、事業者の税引き後利潤である。つまり、事業者が地域内になければ、得られた付加価値は地域外に流出する。地元からの出資比率を高め、地域がオーナーシップを持つことが、持続可能な地域の発展の鍵となる。このような地域経済の定量評価ツールは、自治体レベルでのエネルギーや気候変動に関する政策の策定に役に立つ。地域のステークホルダー間のコミュニケーションをサポートし、合意形成を容易にすることができる。Municipalities and regional communities are embracing renewable energy not only for environmental, but also for economic reasons aiming for the revitalization and development of local economies. For example, municipalities are a main driver of the German energy transition to renewables ("Energiewende"), are adopting emission reduction targets above federal standards, and are aiming for regional economic effects. The Institute for Ecological Economy Research in Berlin has developed a local value added calculation model for Germany by using value chain analysis. In this paper, we first explain how we adopted this value chain approach to Japan. Secondly, we demonstrate how this Japanese model has been verified through actual projects case studies. Thirdly, we apply this model to the renewable energy project in Iida city, Nagano prefecture that is a pioneer of "Local Energy Governance" and provide a forecast for the effects until 2030. It is shown that renewable energy projects yield a higher value added in the operating stage than in the investment stage. The largest part of value added is after-tax profits of participating enterprises. If the enterprise is not located in the municipality, value added will be generated outside the region. Local ownership through an increase of the local investment ratio is, therefore, the most important factor for regional value added creation and regional sustainable development. Our research proofs that this model is robust and delivers convincing results. It is a useful tool to support the development of energy and climate policies at municipality and prefecture level, and to support the communication with stakeholders and to build local consensus.

著者

中山 琢夫

出版者

地域農林経済学会

雑誌

農林業問題研究 (ISSN:03888525)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.65-69, 2013-06-25 (Released:2014-03-14)

参考文献数

6

---

Mountain villages in Japan have seen a large-scale exodus of their youth. To stop this phenomenon from continuing, —which leads to depopulation and population aging—it is important to understand the economies of mountain villages, and then develop a precise structure that supports domiciliation.In these mountain villages, unique agricultural practices that embrace a variety of methods are r equired; however, it is difficult to clarify and analyze this kind of unique management by examining statistical data. As a result, I carried out a participant-obser vation field study for one year or more in Niyodogawa-cho, Kochi, Japan. By forming a reliable relationship with a local farmer in this area, I was able to analyze his agricultural management; I did so, largely by reviewing his job diary and by making direct observations.As a result, it is revealed that farming immigrants who have finished their child care obligations can succeed in sustainable agricultural management; on the other hand, it is comparatively more difficult for younger immigrants who are caring fortheir young children to manage their households.