著者

伊藤 精英 丸尾 海月 沢田 護

出版者

日本生態心理学会

雑誌

生態心理学研究 (ISSN:13490443)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.149-156, 2022-05-01 (Released:2022-06-27)

参考文献数

16

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本研究は可聴域外の空気振動が無自覚的な生体活動に対する影響を明らかにすることを目的と した.予備実験では,可聴域上限以上の空気振動(超音波)を含む自然環境音を聴取している際の人の耳周辺の血流量を解析した.その結果,超音波付加時には血流量の速度に変化が認められ,超音波が生体活動へ影響することが示唆された.そこで,次の実験では,心拍変動解析及び皮膚表面温度解析結果を超音波付加の有無で比較した.その結果,超音波が可聴音に重畳すると,皮膚表面温度が上昇すること,自律神経系の均衡の指標とされる値の変動パターンに特徴的な傾向が現れることが認められた.これらを元に,自然界に存在する空気振動を知覚することが自覚的及び無自覚的な行為調整に果たす役割について議論する.

著者

伊藤 精英

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.3_25-3_35, 1998-09-01 (Released:2008-10-03)

参考文献数

22

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Of much interests have been spatial cognition and wayfinding by the blind. The traditional approach to spatial cognition and locomotion have taken the central problem to be what kind of cognitive map the blind establish. The main reason for motivating such kind of studies is why holding a map in mind has been thought of as being crucial for blind travellers to reach to a destination. Review of previous studies leads to contradictory results; while visual experience and visual modality set influence on accuracy of cognitive map, some studies indicate the individual difference rather than these effects. The basic ideas of ecological approach offered by J. J. Gibson will be outlined. This approach to environment perception and locomotion concerns how organisms wayfind and reach a destination. The purpose of ecological studies is to determine information picked up in perceptual flows such as optical flow and to demonstrate some relationship between detected invariant structure of environment on the basis of information and performance of wayfinding. One challenging study which applied this approach to wayfinding by the blind will be shown. The results suggest as follows. First, by taking an ecological approach, it is possible to reveal how blind travellers negotiate through environment. Second, it is not so easy to evaluate accuracy of orientation defined by Gibson.