文献一覧: 坂口京子 (著者)

1 0 0 0 OA 戦後新教育における経験主義国語教育摂取の実態 : 日米の国語教育観の差異を観点として

著者: 坂口京子
出版者: 全国大学国語教育学会
雑誌: 国語科教育 (ISSN:02870479)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.62, pp.43-50, 2007-09-30 (Released:2017-07-10)

In 1946, Helen Heffernan of the CIE (Civil Information and Education Section) introduced the concept of a "unit of work" in social studies. A unit of work involved most aspects of language teaching : knowledge, skill, habit, communicative attitude and criticism. In the subject of language teaching, Heffernan attached special importance to the expressive function and usefulness of language. Heffernan emphasized a "child-centered" principle in which teachers were required to develop the student's learning environment. Teachers focused on selecting teaching materials that were in line with the students' needs and interests. As a result, educators began to integrate the teaching of subjects with student experiences. On the other hand, a Japanese committee suggested that the Japanese language included a mentality centering on the self and relations with others. This rationale, of a mentality separate from the subject of Japanese, was in evidence in the prewar history of Japan as well. However, it was still possible to develop a unit teaching approach in Japanese class since the Japanese language overlapped most, if not all, language based teaching. Therefore, the child centered principle could be crystallized through the teaching of the Japanese language.