3 0 0 0 OA 終末期がん患者の予後ががん治療医の予後予測よりも短い要因について
- 著者
- 大場 洋子 田中 輝明 佐藤 雅子 横田 勲 瀧川 千鶴子
- 出版者
- 日本緩和医療学会
- 雑誌
- Palliative Care Research (ISSN:18805302)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.16, no.4, pp.307-314, 2021 (Released:2021-12-10)
- 参考文献数
- 25
【目的】終末期がん患者の生存期間ががん治療医の経験に基づく予後予測よりも短い患者側の要因,および死亡までの経過との関連を検討する.【方法】KKR札幌医療センター緩和ケア病棟に予後1〜3カ月として紹介され,その後3カ月以内に死亡退院した終末期がん患者を対象に,後方視的検討を行った.【結果】対象患者249例のうち,実際の生存期間が1カ月未満であった患者は102例(OS1, 41%),1カ月以上3カ月以内の患者は147例(OS1–3, 59%)であった.Japan Coma Scale II以上の意識障害,経口摂取量数口以下を呈する患者がOS1–3に比べOS1で有意に多かった.2日以内で死に至る急な容態変化による死亡はOS1で有意に多かった.【結論】上記要因を持つ患者の生存期間は予測予後より短い可能性があるが,予後の不正確性に与える医師側の要因を検討する必要がある.
- 著者
- 大場 洋
- 出版者
- 日本神経感染症学会
- 雑誌
- NEUROINFECTION (ISSN:13482718)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.25, no.1, pp.15, 2020 (Released:2020-05-13)
- 参考文献数
- 8
【要旨】Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis in infectious diseases of the central nervous system. The review summarizes top 10 important things to know in the imaging diagnosis of infectious diseases of the central nervous system. 1. Herpes simplex virus encephalitis. MR image shows high signal in the temporal lobes, insulae, and cingulate gyri bilaterally on T2-weighted images, FLAIR images and diffuse weighted images. 2. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)infection. MR images shows multiple focal high signal intensities in cerebral cortices and white matters especially peri-ventricular areas on T2-weighted images. VZV vasculopathy causes cerebral arteries occlusion resulting in cerebral infarctions and rarely hemorrhages. 3. Japanese encephalitis. Bilateral thalamic and nigral involvement is classical MR imaging. Other areas may be involved are pons, cerebellum, basal ganglia, cerebral cortex and spinal cord. 4. Influenza encephalopathy includes acute necrotizing encephalopathy, acute brain swelling encephalopathy, hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome (HSES), Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD), mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS). 5. progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)shows asymmetric periventricular and subcortical white matters, brainstem and cerebellar white matters involvement. Lesions show T1 and T2 prolongation and sometimes diffusion restriction. 6. human immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy/encephalitis shows symmetric cerebral white matter T2 prolongation. 7. Cerebral abscess and subdural empyema shows diffusion restriction on diffusion weighted images and are critical for the diagnosis. Bacterial meningitis shows meningeal enhancement on post gadolinium T1-weighted images. 8. The neuroimaging characteristics of tuberculous meningitis classically include leptomeningeal and basal cisternal enhancement, ventriculomegaly due to hydrocephalus, periventricular infarcts, and the presence of tuberculomas. 9. Neurosyphilis shows cerebral and meningovascular involvement and appears T2 prolongation and meningeal contrast enhancement. Syphilitic gummas appear as small focal nodules adjacent to the meninges and shows homogeneous contrast-enhancement. 10. cerebral sparganosis mansoni typically shows tubular enhancement in a linear or curvilinear fashion-the tunnel sign-on post gadolinium T1-weighted images