著者

石川 徹夫 安岡 由美 長濱 裕幸 川田 祐介 大森 康孝 床次 眞司 志野木 正樹

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.253-267, 2008 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

70

被引用文献数

2 3

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Before the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake, various geochemical precursors were observed in the aftershock area: chloride ion concentration, groundwater discharge rate, groundwater radon concentration and so on. Kobe Pharmaceutical University (KPU) is located about 25km northeast from the epicenter and within the aftershock area. Atmospheric radon concentration had been continuously measured from 1984 at KPU, using a flow-type ionization chamber. The radon concentration data were analyzed using the smoothed residual values which represent the daily minimum of radon concentration with the exclusion of normalized seasonal variation. The radon concentration (smoothed residual values) demonstrated an upward trend about two months before the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake. The trend can be well fitted to a log-periodic model related to earthquake fault dynamics. As a result of model fitting, a critical point was calculated to be between 13 and 27 January 1995, which was in good agreement with the occurrence date of earthquake (17 January 1995). The mechanism of radon anomaly before earthquakes is not fully understood. However, it might be possible to detect atmospheric radon anomaly as a precursor before a large earthquake, if (1) the measurement is conducted near the earthquake fault, (2) the monitoring station is located on granite (radon-rich) areas, and (3) the measurement is conducted for more than several years before the earthquake to obtain background data.

著者

細田 正洋 井上 一雅 岡 光昭 大森 康孝 岩岡 和輝 床次 眞司

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.27-40, 2016 (Released:2016-07-06)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

1

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Many nuclear facilities are located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. However, no detailed dose rate distribution map of Aomori Prefecture, including its mountain regions has been reported since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. Thus, a car-borne survey which used a 3-in × 3-in NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometer was done throughout the prefecture for the purposes of making a dose distribution map and estimating the annual external dose. These results have been published in the same issue of this journal. On the other hand, many researchers have performed car-borne surveys in Fukushima Prefecture after the FDNPP accident. In this paper, the methods of car-borne survey of the present author are explained in detail. 1) The relationship between the total counts per minute of a gamma-ray pulse height distribution and an absorbed dose rate in air is examined for the estimation of dose rate conversion factor. 2) The relationship between count rates outside and inside the car is examined for the estimation of the shielding factor by car body. 3) The uncertainties to the counts inside the car, the dose rate conversion factor and the shielding factor are evaluated according to the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement published by the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology. 4) The gamma-ray pulse height distributions are unfolded using a 22 × 22 response matrix for the analysis of activity concentrations in soil of 40K, 238U and 232Th and the contributions of their nuclides to absorbed dose rate in air. 5) The distribution map of absorbed dose rate in air of Aomori Prefecture is drawn using the Generic Mapping Tool which was developed by Hawaii University.

著者

安岡 由美 川田 祐介 長濱 裕幸 大森 康孝 石川 徹夫 床次 眞司 志野木 正樹

出版者

一般社団法人日本地球化学会

雑誌

日本地球化学会年会要旨集 2008年度日本地球化学会第55回年会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

pp.39, 2008 (Released:2008-09-06)

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神戸薬科大学において,電離箱を用いて、大気中ラドン濃度の連続測定(1984年1月から1996年2月,1989年欠測)をしていたところ,兵庫県南部地震(1995年1月17日)前に,ラドン濃度の異常な上昇が観測された。地殻歪の変化によって,岩石・土壌中の空隙率・空隙連結度が変化し,その結果ラドン散逸量も変化したと考えられる。また,地下水中ラドン濃度や地下水湧水量の変化は,観測地点の局所的な地殻歪を反映しているのに対し,大気中ラドン濃度変化は,ある程度広範囲の平均的な地殻歪変化を反映している。さらに,大気中ラドン濃度の変動パターンは臨界モデル式で回帰することができる。以上のことから,大気中ラドン濃度変化は,地震前兆の観測項目として有用だといえる。