著者
奥野 佐矢子
出版者
教育哲学会
雑誌
教育哲学研究 (ISSN:03873153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2006, no.93, pp.85-101, 2006-05-10 (Released:2010-05-07)
参考文献数
38

It is a specific conceptualization of the twentieth century, the century of the linguistic turn, that language is in general 'performative'. Building from Austinian notion of performativity and Althusseruan notion of interpellation, this essay explores the production/construction of the subjects based upon the main work of Judith Butler.Butler begins with her contention that as linguistic beings, our existence is unavoidably dependent on language. For her, the subject is constructed through the process of subjection; it can be explained as the simultaneous process of becoming the subject and being compelled to participate in reproducing dominant discourse. Butler's understanding that the status of the subject is thus constituted and her insistence that the compelled reiteration of conventions is the essence of performativity help us clarify how the subject is unwittingly complicit in sustaining hegemonic social structures.To deconstruct this discursive and social formation involving the subject, it is necessary to focus on the very process of the construction of the subject. As Butler explains the subject is subjected to a norm while being the agent of its use. Accordingly if the formation of the subject is the repeated inculcation of the norm, it will be possible to repeat that norm in unexpected ways. The norms of performative identity resemble the sign, and they are vulnerable to the recitation of the same and semantic excesses. The subject performatively and linguistically constituted is not ultimately defined by the interpellative call; neither is the subject fully determined or radically free from the deployed discourse. Steering a careful middle course between voluntarism and determinism, Butler distances herself from the strategic deployment of the category of the “essential” identity in political practices. What she offers instead is rejection and resignification in her alternative political mode.Crucially, the deconstruction of the subject is by no means equivalent to its destruction as Butler argues. In seeking out the instabilities of language and of the constitutive terms of identity we are guided to a new sense of ethics, with the limit and inevitable opacity of the subject that always fails to define itself.
著者
白銀 夏樹 村田 美穂 久保田 健一郎 奥野 佐矢子 小野 文生
出版者
教育哲学会
雑誌
教育哲学研究 (ISSN:03873153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2006, no.93, pp.145-150, 2006-05-10 (Released:2010-01-22)
参考文献数
9

現代の人間形成論においては、「美」「倫理」という言葉によって、人間形成をめぐる現代的状況を解明しようとする議論や人間形成論の可能性を提起しようとする議論が少なからず見受けられる。だが「美」と「倫理」の概念の接点をさぐりながら人間形成論の現代的射程を探る共同研究の試みは、いまだ豊かに展開されているとはいいがたい。教育哲学会第四八回大会 (香川大学) において「美」と「倫理」の概念に関心を寄せる若手研究者が集まり、「美的・倫理的人間形成論の現在性をめぐって」と題したラウンドテーブルを開催した。ドイツ語圏の美的人間形成論 (白銀・久保田) 、英語圏の道徳や倫理を扱う人間形成論 (奥野・村田) 、ドイツ教育思想史における「美」「倫理」概念 (小野) といった各々の関心から、現代の「美」「倫理」概念の人間形成論的射程を議論した。以下はラウンドテーブル当日の提案者四名 (村田、久保田、奥野、白銀) と指定討論者 (小野) による報告である。本論の最終的な文責は企画者 (白銀) が負うが、それぞれの項目は担当者が執筆したものである。