著者
岩橋 勝
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, no.4, pp.481-503, 2012

近年の近世日本貨幣史研究は,かつての制度史的ないし貨幣改鋳史的研究手法を超えて,貨幣流通の実態を踏まえた検討が進められている。その際,貨幣を通して経済発展を検討しようとする「貨幣の経済史」が求められている。本稿で検討する熊本藩は,いわゆる銀遣い経済圏の中にある。しかし,領内では経済発展により農民や町人の日常的決済の場では銭遣いが進展し,藩府は銀銭標準相場を示して銀建ての領主経済や領外取引とのリンクを確保した。このため銀建ての藩札流通が阻害される結果となった。銭貨供給は全国的に不十分であったので,領内では民間で「銭預り」という銭匁札が18世紀中期から自然発生的に出回り始めた。藩府も18世紀末より同様の銭預り発行を開始し,藩府は実質的に藩札化しか銭預りの過剰発行に留意したので,札価はほぼ維持され,明治初年まで流通した。小額貨幣を基本とする藩の貨幣政策が成功する例は熊本藩のみではなく,西日本のいわゆる「銭遣い経済圏」と見られる地域で少なからず観察できる。
著者
岩橋 勝
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.6, pp.585-605,726, 1983-03-25 (Released:2017-11-24)

It has been understood that in the Edo period quotation and payment in gold was predominant in the eastern Japan and that in silver in the western Japan, with zeni used as auxiliary coin all over Japan. However, we can find momme-sen-satsu (匁銭札), if only in the south-western part of Japan. Which were issued, in fact, on zeni basis in spite of its guise of quotation in silver. Also remarkable were large denomination notes with face value over one kan mon (貫文), called sen-mon-satsu (銭文札), which were issued by Satsuma-Han, Izumo-Han, Kaga-Han, Nambu-Han, etc., not as auxiliary but as means of payment in large amount on zeni basis. On the ground of these findings I have suggested that there were areas of payment in zeni side by side with areas of payment in gold and those in silver in Tokugawa period. This paper intends to demonstrate that payment in zeni was predominant in Nambu-Han, by investigating circulation of money there. First, in Tempo age income in zeni over 100,000 kan mon amounted to half of Nambu-Han's annual revenue in money which was about 30,000 ryo. Especially in the case of business taxes called on-yaku-kin, rei-sen, and unjo, items of payment in zeni were twice as much as those in gold, the amount of payment in zeni being three times as much as that in gold. Moreover, such large amount sales of farmlands and homesteads which would reasonably be expected to have been transacted on gold basis, were in fact made on zeni basis. Especially in the inland district centering Morioka it was usual that such large amount transactions as exceeded 100 kan mon were performed on zeni basis. It must be noted that while quotation in zeni was more customary even in the account books of money-lenders and traesmen in the inland district, payment in gold was more usual than that in zeni in the Sanriku coastal district. Compared with similar transactions elsewhere in the eastern Japan, however, transactions quoted in zeni were conspicuous in the Sanriku district. Thus comparison of Nambu-Han as a whole with a typically gold basis district such as Kanto will prove that Nambu-Han can be characterized as the area where payment in zeni was predominant.
著者
岩橋 勝
出版者
名古屋学院大学総合研究所
雑誌
名古屋学院大学論集. 社会科学篇 = Journal of Nagoya Gakuin University (ISSN:03850048)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.2, pp.51-63, 2018

近世日本の経済発展を検討する際,貨幣流通量の推移把握は基本的事項のひとつである。これまで幕府発行金銀貨についてはおおむねあきらかであったが,銭貨については鋳造所の分散等による理由から鋳造高総量の動向や,銭貨種別ごとの構成比率などはあきらかでなかった。明治新政府による金銀銭貨在高調査記録はあるが,これまで判明するかぎりの徳川期銭貨在高データとは接合が困難であり,同記録の正確性自体にも疑念が向けられていた。 本稿は,これまで銭貨在高に関連する個別先行研究を検討しつつ,日本銀行調査局が詳細に調査した各地銭座鋳造高の集計化をはかった。ついで金銀貨改鋳時期に対応させつつ,徳川期銭貨在高と新政府記録との接合を試みた。さらに,銭貨種別ごとの鋳造高も推計し,金銀貨との関連で経済発展に銭貨が果たした役割を考察した。