著者

中島 晴信 宮野 直子 松永 一郎 中島 ナオミ 鹿庭 正昭

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.5, pp.865-888, 2007-05-01

被引用文献数

2 3

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To clarify the marketing status of antimicrobial products, descriptions on the labels of commercially available antimicrobial products were investigated from 1991 through 2005, and the results were analyzed using a database system on antimicrobial deodorant agents. A classification table of household antimicrobial products was prepared and revised, based on which target products were reviewed for any changes in the product type. The number of antimicrobial products markedly increased over 3 years starting from 1996, among which there were many products apparently not requiring antimicrobial processing. More recently, in the 2002 and 2004 surveys, while sales of kitchenware and daily necessities decreased, chemical products, baby articles, and articles for pets increased; this poses new problems. To clarify the use of antimicrobial agents in the target products, a 3-step (large, intermediate, small) classification table of antimicrobial agents was also prepared, based on which antimicrobial agents indicated on the product labels were checked. The rate of identifying the agents increased. However, this is because of the increase of chemical products and baby articles, both of which more frequently indicated the ingredient agents on the labels, and the decrease of kitchenware and daily necessities, which less frequently indicated them on the labels. Therefore there has been little change in the actual identification rate. The agents used are characterized by product types: quaternary ammonium salts, metal salts, and organic antimicrobials are commonly used in textiles, plastics, and chemical products, respectively. Since the use of natural organic agents has recently increased, the safety of these agents should be evaluated.

著者

島 晴信 大野 康亮 松浦 光洋 松井 義郎 道 健一 江川 薫 滝口 励司

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本口腔科学会

雑誌

日本口腔科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00290297)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.155-164, 1998-04-10 (Released:2011-09-07)

参考文献数

23

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The purpose of the present study was to clarify the anatomical basis of the cranio-and maxillofacial rehabilitation using implants. In the present study, 30 cadavers from the dissection room were evaluated. In particular measurements of the craniofacial bones, including height, width, and thickness of the cortical bone were performed. The results were as follows:1. Orbital areaIn the lateral and superior orbital rim of the placement site of implant of orbital prosthesis, the maximal thickness of the inner and outer sides was 16.0 mm, and the minimum was 9. 2 mm. The maximal thickness of the width was 11.1 mm and the minimum was 6. 8 mm. The maximal thickness of the cortical bone was 2.5 mm, and the minimum was 2.1 mm.2. Temporal bone1) At the placement site of the implant of an auricular prosthesis, the maximum thickness of the width was 10.4 mm, and the minimum was 2. 8 mm. The maximum thickness of the cortical bone was 3.7 mm, and the minimum was 3.7 mm.2) At the placement site of the bone anchored hearing aid, the thickness of the inner and outer sides was 8.6 mm. Thickness of the cortical bone was 3.0 mm.3. Frontal and nasal boneIn the center of the frontal and nasal bone, the thickness of the inner and outer sides was 19.3 mm. The thickness of the coronal bone was 3.0 mm.4. MaxillaThe thickness of the inner and outer sites at the site 1 of the maxilla (5 mm distal to the center) was 13 mm. The thickness of the width at site 1 was 10. 1 mm. Tne thickness of the cortical bone at site 1 was 1.4 mm.From these results, the anatomical basis on the cranio-and maxillofacial rehabilitation using implants could be clarified.