著者

大橋 一智 上田 浩史 山崎 正利 木村 貞夫 安部 茂 山口 英世

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.12, pp.919-925, 1992-12-25

被引用文献数

19

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The biological activity of a preparation of heat killed cells of Enterococcus faecalis, FK-23 which was isolated from the feces of a healthy human, was investigated in C3H/He mice. Intraperitoneal injection of the preparation caused an accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the peritoneal cavity of the mice 6 h later. As a parameter of the activation of macrophages, the effect of the FK-23 preparation on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was examined. The mice were given two consecutive intravenous injections of the preparation at a dose of 10μg/mouse and, 3 h later, of 300μg/mouse. The TNF level in the sera reached 99 U/ml in mice 2 h after the second injection. This preparation also stimulated peritoneal macrophages to produce TNF in vitro and increased the capacity of neutrophils to adhere to plastic plates and to release active oxygens, but did not induce blastogenic transformation of lymphocytes. These results suggest that the FK-23 preparation is a biological response modifier (BRM) with various activities on phagocytes similar to a streptococcal antitumor agent, OK432.

著者

柴田 承二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.8, pp.320-325, 1941-08-26 (Released:2009-10-21)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

7 9

著者

丹波 敬三 石津 利作

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.289, pp.255-267, 1906-03-26

著者

村山 義温 篠崎 好三

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.5, pp.379-384, 1931-05-26 (Released:2009-11-13)

被引用文献数

2

著者

千原 呉郎

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.3, pp.171-186, 1988

被引用文献数

6 7

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The most important problem in cancer research is to increase comfortably the survival time and to prevent completely recurrence after surgical resection in cancer patients. Cytocidal anticancer chemotherapeutics have detrimental side effects and destroy host defence mechanisms, and are not useful for cancer patients. On the other hand, there is several evidence suggesting the existence of intrinsic resistance to cancer. The examples are an equilibrium state with proliferation and regression in a small amount of cancer cells and spontaneous regression of cancer. An increase in this resistance may be one of the most important problem to find new anticancer drugs. In Oriental medicine practiced in Asian countries from olden times, the fundamental principle is to regulate homeostasis of the whole body and to bring the diseased person to a normal state, rather than to attack the focus directly. On the basis of such a concept, the antitumor activity of numerous folk remedies has been reexamined and isolated a polysaccharide with marked antitumor activity and named as lentinan. Lentinan is a strictly purified β-1, 6 : β-1, 3-D-glucan, and exerts prominent antitumor activities in murine allogeneic, syngeneic and autochthonous hosts, prevents chemical and viral oncogeneses, and suppresses tumor metastasis in several clinical models. The antitumor action of lentinan is host-mediated. Comparing with other well-known immunostimulants, such as BCG, C. parvum and LPS, lentinan appears to represent a unique class of immunopotentiator, a T-cell oriented adjuvant in which macrophages play some parts. First, lentinan triggers the increased production of various kinds of bioactive serum factors associated with immunity and inflammation, such as CSF, IL-1, IL-3, vascular dilatation hemorrhage inducer and acute-phase protein inducer, by direct impact of macrophages or indirectly via lentinan-stimulated T-cells, which results in the induction of many immunobiological changes in the host. Augmented IL-1 production amplifies the maturation of immature effector cells to mature cells capable of responding to IL-2 and other cytokines, but lentinan do not augment production of IL-2. This is the most important characteristics of lentinan, because this suggests a contact point between new immunology and Oriental medicine. Lentinan augments differentiation of various kinds of important cells in the host defence. These results clearly explain the requirment of intact macrophages and T-cell compartments for antitumor activity of lentinan. Lentinan has only a little toxic side effect in in vivo application to animals and human. An excellent result was obtained in 4 year's follow-up of the randomized control study of lentinan in Phase III on the patients with advanced and recurrent stomach, colo-rectal, breast cancer and malignant lymphoma. These results suggest that lentinan might be more effective for micrometastasis after surgery. Lentinan is a hopeful drug for cancer patients.

著者

瀬川

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.224, pp.1001-1002, 1900-10-26

著者

菅澤

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.524, pp.930-931, 1925-10-26

著者

田原 良純

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1909, no.328, pp.587-625, 1909-06-26 (Released:2018-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

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著者ハ著者カ嘗テ河豚ノ卵中ニ發見シタル毒素即チ河豚酸摘出ノ方法ニ就キ之レニ改良ヲ加へ以テ從前ヨリハ多量且正確ニ毒素ヲ得ルニ至ラシメタリ、特ニ改良ノ要點ハ河豚卵ノ水侵液ヨリ蛋白質、燐酸等ヲ除去シタル後毒素ヲ鉛化合物トシテ完全ニ沈降セシムルニアリ、毒素ハ白色無晶形引濕性ノ物質ニシテ家兎ニ對スル致死量ハ體量一キログラム」ニ付キ四ミリグラム」以下ナリ元素分析ヲ行ヒシニ所含ノ元素相互間ノ比例ハ略々C_<13>H_<27>NO_<12>ナル式ニ一致セリ、著者ハ尚氷醋酸ニ由リ起ル毒素ノ變化竝ニ稀鹽酸ノ作用ニ由リ生シタル分解成績物ニ就キ説述シタリ

著者

緒方 章

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1919, no.451, pp.751-765, 1919-09-26 (Released:2018-08-30)

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著者はフェニールイソプロビールメチルアミンを合成して是れを左右兩旋光性體に分離し其右旋性體をエフェドリン還元成績體なるデスオキシエフェドリンと比較して兩者の同一物なることを證明し從てエフェドリンの構造式が[chemical formula]なることの證明となせり

著者

高橋 三雄 大沢 啓助 蔡 哲宗 阿部 昌宏

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.2, pp.221-223, 1980-02-25

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Nine kinds of fatty acids, fifteen hydrocarbons, three sterols, and six amino acids were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and amino acid analysis, from the dried fruits of Capsicum annuum L. var. fasciculatum IRISH. The distribution of N-(13-methyltetradecyl) acetoamide isolated from Capsicum annuum L., and named Capsi-amide, was investigated in four varieties of Capsicum annuum L., i.e. C. annuum L. var. fasciculatum IRISH, var. grossum SENDT., var. longum SENDT., and var. minimum ROXB. Capsi-amide was detected in all four varieties.

著者

松居 隆 大塚 幸 酒井 浄

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.10, pp.825-837, 2000-10-01

被引用文献数

1

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One century has passed since fugu toxin was named tetrodotoxin (TTX) by Tahara. Chemical problems such as crystallization of tetrodotoxin and subsequent structure determination were solved by research groups headed by Tsuda, Hirata, Woodward, and Mosher. The International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products in Kyoto (1964) was well known as symposium which the structure of TTX was internationally clarified. Since the first isolation of toxin from taricha torosa (imori) as natural source except for fugu fishes, distribution of toxin in nature has been widely investigated. And, it was proved that toxin is not produced by fugu fishes, but rather is formed by sea bacteria (30 sp.) such as Alteromonas sp, Vibrio sp, Shewanella. However, it seems to be difficult to explain the tetrodotoxin accumulation at high concentration in fugu by only toxin production by bacteria. TTX analogues were isolated from natural origins such as crabs, fish, annelids, and algae. Based on the structure of these toxin analogues, the biosynthesis of toxin and the structure-activity relationship (Na^+ channel) were proposed by Yasumoto-Yamashita. The findings of wide distribution of toxin in nature may be attributed to development of highly sensitive detection method for toxin. The interesting proposal for the biosynthesis and the structure activity, and the detection method for toxin are outlined in this review.

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.287, pp.60-64, 1906-01-26

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.61, pp.101-105, 1887-03-26

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.33, pp.433-434, 1884-11

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1904, no.266, pp.299-311, 1904-04-26 (Released:2008-04-11)

著者

林 輝明

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96, no.3, pp.356-361, 1976-03-25

被引用文献数

1

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Two new methods for the determination of gentiopicroside in gentian radix and Gentiana scabra radix were developed by the combination of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometry. In the preparative TLC-ultraviolet (UV) method, gentiopicroside contained in the methanol extract ofsamples is quantitatively separated by preparative TLC (detection by a PAN UV lamp) and the amount is determined from the absorbance at 270 nm by using a calibration graph. In the TLC-densitometer (DM) method, the methanol extract containing gentiopicroside is developed on the TLC plate, and the amount of gentiopicroside (Rf=ca. 0.4) is measured by TLC densitometry using a dual-wavelength TLC scanner. By these two methods, the content of gentiopicroside vras determined as 1-2% in gentian idix (Osaka market product), 1-3% in Gentiana scabra radix (Osaka market product), and 7-10% in the fresh root of Gentiana scabra BUNGE.

著者

小合 由起 砂金 信義 太田 隆文 宇留野 強

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.12, pp.1009-1011, 2005-12-01

被引用文献数

7

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This study aimed to examine the effects of banana juice on levodopa bioavailability in rats. When a levodopa preparation (EC-Doparl tablets) was orally administered with banana juice made by mixing with a fresh banana and water, there were significant decreases in C_<max>(17.4±2.5vs.8.6±3.1μg/ml;α=0.05) and AUC(1882.8±49.2vs.933.5±286.6μg・min/ml;α=0.05) for levodopa. On the other hand, administration of the levodopa preparation with a commercial beverage containing 10% banana juice resulted in no significant change in C_<max> or AUC. These results indicate that concomitant intake of levodopa preparations with banana juice, but not with a commercial banana beverage, may cause a drug-food interaction reducing levodopa bioavailability, and we should pay attention to such interactions during levodopa therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease.

著者

涌井 袈裟參 平井 文代

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.10, pp.401-405, 1941-10-26 (Released:2009-10-21)

参考文献数

5

著者

飯盛 挺造

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.173, pp.683-699, 1896-07-26

著者

陳 福君 中島 登 木村 郁子 木村 正康

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.115, no.6, pp.476-482, 1995-06-25

被引用文献数

17

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Averaged blood glucose levels were 400 mg/dl in nonfasted mice, and 250 mg/dl in fasted mice in 4 weeks after injection with streptozotocin (STZ, 150 mg/kg, i.v.). These mice were used for experiments. Hypoglycemic effects of hot water extracts (W) from Folium Mori (Mulberry leaves, Morus alba L., China and Japan) or Cortex Mori Radicis (Morus alba L., China) were observed in fasted and nonfasted STZ-induced diabetic mice at a single dose of 200 mg/kg (i.p.). The W from Folium Mori exhibited most potent hypoglycemic effects. The most potent fractions of Folium Mori and Cortex Mori Radicis were ethanol-insoluble extracts (A2). These A2 fractions demonstrated a fall in blood glucose levels of 24.6±6.0% and 60.5±9.1% at nonfasted STZ-mice, and 81.4±7.9% and 77.3±5.8% at fasted STZ-mice, respectively. The increase in glucose uptake was a mechanism of hypoglycemic actions by W and A2 of Folium Mori.