- 著者
-
梁 青
- 出版者
- 国文学研究資料館
- 雑誌
- 国際日本文学研究集会会議録 = PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON JAPANESE LITERATURE (ISSN:03877280)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.36, pp.171-184, 2013-03-31
Waka gradually became popular at the end of the 9th century. Japanese people composed nihon kanshi which were not just an imitation of Chinese poetry and with the development of a national identity, started searching for their own sense of expression. In this presentation, I am going to compare Chinese poems, waka and nihon kanshi and examine the expression of the spider’s thread in “Shinsen manyōshū” (the first volume, koi 108) as well as the ‘Gyōgetsu’ poem by Sugawara no Michizane. The purpose of this presentation is to throw the light to the development of the kanshi before the “Kokinshū” was published.The poem ‘keichū sekibakutoshite chirin midare (I am sleeping by myself. A spider’s thread is entangled)’ (893, the first volume, koi 108) and Michizane’s poem ‘aki no omoi wa kumo no itosujiyorimo nannari kidakida funfun tachitsukushite kaeru (A lonely meditation in autumn is severed into shreds like a spider’s thread)’ (891) were composed under the context of the vogue of spider’s thread as a motif in the latter of the 9th century. There is no distance between the spider’s thread and the composer’s feelings and this kind of expression is rare. This unique expression is based on the six dynasties poetry ‘shinsho midarete ito no gotoshi (My mind is disturbed like entangled thread)’ (Zui, Sonbanju, tōkukōnannimamorite keiyū no shinyū ni yosu) and hakushi ‘ryūshi hiki taete chō hikitayu hishi masani tsunagi eru toki nakaru beshi (My heart is broken like the branch from a willow. My sorrow is never healed)’ (3145, yōryūshishi 8) and created the semantically related word ‘o, dan, ran, nan’. They created this unique expression by dint of skillfully replacing the old conventional expression ‘aoyagi no ito, seni no ito’ with ‘spider’s thread’. When we think about how ouchō kanshi accepted the Chinese poems of spider’s thread, we will be able to understand that it did not contain a moral hidden meaning. If anything, it tends to draw a cobweb beautifully and minutely. The poem koi 108 and the Michizane’s poem especially draw the scholars’ attention as there are few examples in Chinese poems which write about the severed spider’s thread. It seems that this expression reflect Japan’s own aesthetic sense. The motif of the severed spider’s thread can be seen in the Henjō uta but not in the “Kokinshū”. The motif had been fixed as the conventional expression of koi uta (love poems) after the latter 10th century. In that respect, it may safely be said that the poem koi 108 and the Michizane’s poem are pioneering works.