著者

真崎 克彦 上原 誠一郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1-2, pp.33-42, 1991-05-01 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 1

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Weathering products in a brown soil (sample S3) and in a partially weathered antigorite in yellowish brown color (sample A59b) were collected from the serpentinite zone in Sasaguri area, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. The products were studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, analytical electron microscopy, infrared absorption spectrumand differential thermal analysis. Mineralogical composition of the brown soil are 14Å intergrade, halloysite, goethite and ferrihydrite associated with Si, and hematite. Si-containing goethite, Si-containing ferrihydrite, hematite and hisingerite were found in the weathered antigorite. The results suggest that leaching of Mg and Si from the serpentine minerals occurred at initial weathering stages. Precipitation of hydrous iron oxides and hydrous iron silicates may occur after the leaching of Mg and Si. Poorly crystallized iron minerals showed aggregate of microcrystalline materials (<100Å). The result suggests that the 14Å intergrade and halloysite were produced from weathered chlorite and/or mica minerals in the crystalline schist, or weathered chlorite in the vein at the serpentinite zone, or 2 : 1 layer silicates in eolian dust.

著者

真崎 克彦

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

文化人類学 (ISSN:13490648)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.4, pp.547-556, 2018 (Released:2018-10-18)

参考文献数

14

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Bhutan has recently garnered international praise for its policy of Gross National Happiness (GNH), which seeks to strike a balance between the pursuit of economic growth and that of cultural and spiritual contentment. At the same time, GNH has been criticized by some anthropologists who say that it serves as an “anti-politics machine” that fabricates reality in such a manner as to privilege the standpoint of policy elites, while suppressing the voices of ordinary people. Those engaged in that anti-political critique propose to take the side of ordinary people and reconstruct reality from their hidden voices. That assertion, while potentially helping broaden the debate on GNH, is flawed in that it simplistically assumes that ordinary people merely resent elite control. The anti-political critique resultantly diverts attention from the multiplicity of realities that supersedes the anti-politics machine. One clue that allows us to redress that drawback can be traced to the ontological turn that problematizes our common-sense divide between human societies and non-human objects. Instead of lapsing into the human/nonhuman divide, which leads anthropologists to focus on representations of non-human objects by particular human groups (in this paper, the praise of GNH spearheaded by policy elites, or ordinary people’s alternative representations), the ontological turn focuses attention on the various connections among human and non-human entities. Both are positioned as agents to call into being the multiplicity of reality. This paper looks at the case of a village in central Bhutan, whose residents are immersed in close ties with nonhuman and divine beings, while practicing Buddhism on a daily basis. The anti-political nature of GNH praise surfaced when a businessperson called off a plan to build a golf course in the village, partly in response to a web-based campaign launched by a member of the urban-based elite. That elite member sought to stress, in a media interview, the role of his GNH-inspired campaign in warning against the possible negative environmental, cultural, and spiritual consequences of the plan, and urged the government not to approve it. On the other hand, the following initiative, made by the residents, was sidelined in his story: the residents had also said ‘no’ in a public hearing, despite the lucrative prospects of landing new jobs, on the grounds that the plan would disturb their domestic animals and local deities. The anti-political critique mistakenly posits a simplistic dichotomy of the ‘powerful’ elite versus the ‘powerless’ residents. The ontological turn, on the other hand, takes into account the latter’s active engagement with non-human and divine beings, which empowers them to assess the pros and cons of the plan in their own terms. In that way, the ontological turn enables us to engage in a more balanced debate on GNH than does the anti-political critique, which is plagued by its dwelling on the ‘powerful-powerless’ divide.

著者

真崎 克彦

出版者

小学校英語教育学会

雑誌

JES journal = 小学校英語教育学会学会誌 (ISSN:13489275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.179-194, 2013-03-20

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本稿の研究目的は,小学校3年生に対して,チャンツを使用して英語学習を行った場合と,チャンツと同じ回数を単純に繰り返して練習した場合とでは,指導効果がどのように異なるかを検証することである。ここで検証する指導効果の一つは,情意面や意識面についての効果であり,もう一つは,発音に与える効果である。研究を行うために,3年生の2クラスを抽出し指導を行った。チャンツは,2種類準備し,どちらのクラスにもチャンツで学ぶ機会と,繰り返して練習する場を設定した。教材は,小学校の指導であるため,学習の一環であることを配慮し,カリキュラムに準拠したものを扱った。事後に行った児童の意識に関するアンケートによると,「楽しさ」についての印象では,チャンツの方が楽しいと感じている児童が多かった。しかし,「上手に話せるようになる。」,「発音が上手になる。」という観点では,差はなかった。発音に与える効果については,第1回目の指導後と,第5回目の指導後に録音した音声を比較して検証した。検証には,市販の音声評価ソフトを使用し,アクセント,イントネーション,音素がどれくらいモデル音声と近似しているかを数値的に評価し,統計処理した。結果は,いずれの項目にも有意な差はみられなかった。効果に差が表れなかったのは,3年生段階の指導として,文字を介さずにモデル音声を復唱させて指導したこと等が,原因と考えられる。これらの結果から,チャンツを使用することで,児童は楽しみながら意欲的に英語学習に取り組むことができるが,音声面での効果については,一層条件を整えて検証を試みる必要性が明らかになった。