- 著者
-
祖父江 元
- 出版者
- 日本神経学会
- 雑誌
- 臨床神経学 (ISSN:0009918X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.51, no.11, pp.821-824, 2011 (Released:2012-01-24)
- 参考文献数
- 10
Although recent advancements in molecular biology have provided increasing insights into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, there is almost no disease-modifying therapy for which the efficacy has been verified in clinical trials. Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an adult-onset motor neuron disease caused by the expansion of a trinucleotide CAG repeat in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. SBMA exclusively affects males, whereas does not manifest in the females homozygous for the AR mutation. The ligand-dependent nuclear accumulation of pathogenic AR protein is central to the pathogenesis, although additional steps such as inter- and intra-molecular interaction are also required for toxicity. Leuprorelin, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue that suppresses testosterone production from testis, inhibits toxic accumulation of pathogenic AR, thereby mitigating histopathological and behavioral impairments in a mouse model of SBMA. Although a randomized placebo-controlled multi-centric clinical trial showed no definite effect of the drug on motor functions, there was the improvement of swallowing function in a subgroup of patients whose disease duration was less than 10 years. These results indicate a need to elucidate the entire disease mechanism, clarify the natural history, initiate therapeutic intervention at an early stage, and develop sensitive outcome measures to evaluate drug effect.