著者

稻葉 穰

出版者

東洋史研究会

雑誌

東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.174-151, 2010-06

著者

稻葉 穰

出版者

京都大學人文科學研究所

雑誌

東方學報 (ISSN:03042448)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, pp.402-359, 2013-12-20

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There is much obscurity in the history, especially the pre-modern history, of Kabul, the present capital of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. In this paper, an attempt has been made to elucidate as much as possible the history of the city from ancient times up to the 18th century, by integrating the results of the researches on the literary sources, the analyses of archaeological materials, and numismatic studies. As a result, though still provisional, the following conclusions have been attained : 1) In eastern Afghanistan, the regional center shifted according to the politico-military setting among three historical cities, that is, Kābul, Kāpiśī, which was located at the archaeological site of Begram about 50 km by map to the north of Kābul, and Ghazni, which is located 140 km to the southwest of Kābul and flourished from the end of the 10th century as the royal capital of the Ghaznavid empire. 2) Those shifts of the politico-economic center of the region had been related to the geographical circumstances characterized by presumably limited agricultural production and enormously vigorous mercantile activities.

著者

稻葉 穰

出版者

京都大學人文科學研究所

雑誌

東方學報 (ISSN:03042448)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.200-252, 1994-01-31

著者

稻葉 穰

出版者

京都大學人文科學研究所

雑誌

東方学報 (ISSN:03042448)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, pp.692-674, 2010-03

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The word Nezak and the appellations containing it are considered to be a clue for elucidating the complicated political circumstances of East Iran and Central Asia after the collapse of the Sasanian Empire. Two Chinese words have been assumed as transcriptions of Nezak, one of which is Na-sai and the other is Ni-shu. The validity of the identification of the latter with Nezak is discussed in this paper through the consideration of the way of composing titles and appellations in Pre-Islamic Central Asia together with the analysis of the political landscape of the western part of Central Asia in the 7th century. It is concluded that Ni shu and Nezak might be different transcriptions of the same word, which will help us to consider how the minor tribal groups and city-states had survived under the hegemony of powerful empires or confederations such as the Hephthalites and Western Turks.