著者

添田 一弘 石井 正則 福田 佳三 近澤 仁志 山崎 ももこ 吉田 茂 中村 将裕

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科展望会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科展望 (ISSN:03869687)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.118-123, 2006-06-15 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

12

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高齢化社会を迎えるにあたり, めまい・平衡機能の低下する症例の増加が予想されている。しかしながら, 平衡機能に対して体性感覚による姿勢制御の関係を調べた研究報告は本邦では少ない。そこで, 今回我々は指先接触による体性感覚と姿勢制御に関する詳細な研究を行った。その研究の解析のために, 指先接触の圧測定と重心動揺検査の関係を分析する新たな解析システムを開発した。被験者はインフォームドコンセントの得られた健康成人9名とした。その結果, 指先接触による身体の安定化が有意に示された。また視覚情報のない閉眼時には, 被験者は指先接触への依存が大きくなることが示され, 平衡機能の体性感覚として, 指先接触は重要な情報となることを示す結果が得られた。

著者

中村 将裕 石井 正則 近澤 仁志 丹羽 洋二 山崎 ももこ 伊藤 洋

出版者

Japan Society for Equilibrium Research

雑誌

Equilibrium Research (ISSN:03855716)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.4, pp.335-345, 2004 (Released:2009-06-05)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3 2

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Falls and falling accidents occurring in hospitals have become a problem in recent years, and some of those events have been documented to have occurred after patients ingested sleep-inducers (hypnotics). One of the pharmacological actions of hypnotics is muscle-relaxing activity, and it has been clarified in animal studies that this activity causes falls and falling accidents. However, this association has not yet been proven in humans.In this study, conducted in eight healthy adult volunteers, we compared the manifestation of balance disorders after ingestion of four test drugs, consisting of two ultra-short-acting hypnotics (zolpidem and triazolam), a long-acting hypnotic (qazepam) and a placebo (i.e., the control). Zolpidem and qazepam, which are said to express weak muscle-relaxing activity, both caused balance disorders. Also, strong correlations were found between the manifestation of balance disorders after drug ingestion and the plasma concentrations of zolpidem, triazolam and some of the metabolites of qazepam. In addition, in the case of zolpidem, which caused the most severe balance disor-ders, gaze deviation nystagmus was detected. For this reason, it was surmised that balance disorders occurring after ingestion of hypnotics involve some inhibition of the central nervous system, including the cerebellum and brain stem, rather than the mus-cle-relaxing activity of the drugs.Differences were observed among the tested hypnotics in relation to the time of occurrence of balance disorders postmedication and also to the severity of the symp-toms. Accordingly, for the prevention of falling accidents, it is considered necessary that the physician be fully cognizant of the patient's age, medical history and physical condition, as well as not only the characteristics of the hypnotics but also the time-course changes in their concentration in the blood. Then, adequate caution must be applied with regard to the time period in which the patient is in a half-awake state.