著者

杉山 慎 近藤 研

出版者

公益社団法人 日本雪氷学会

雑誌

雪氷 (ISSN:03731006)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.2, pp.193-204, 2021 (Released:2021-09-29)

参考文献数

48

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北極域では,温暖化に伴う環境変化が人間社会に影響を与えつつある.本稿ではその事例として,グリーンランドで発生した氷河流出河川の洪水災害を紹介し,数値モデルを用いた氷河融解と流出量解析について解説する.2015 年7 月21 日と2016 年8 月2 日に,グリーンランド北西部カナック氷河の流出河川が増水し,村と空港を結ぶ道路が破壊された.これらの事象を詳しく解析するために,2017-2019 年に氷河と河川で実施した観測に基づいて,氷河融解・流出モデルを構築した.この数値モデルによって2015年と2016年の流出量を再現したところ,両年の洪水時における流出量は,一時間値で9.1 および19.9m3 s−1 と示された.2015 年の洪水は,氷河全域平均で51mm w.e. d−1に及ぶ雪氷融解によるもので,2015-2019年では2 番目に顕著な融解イベントであった.一方で2016年の洪水は,2015-2019 年で2 番目の規模を持つ豪雨(90mm d−1)によるものであった.数値実験の結果は,気温上昇,強風・降雨の頻度増加,裸氷域の拡大などの環境変化が,氷河流出量の増加傾向をもたらすことを示している.

著者

近藤 研至

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

言語と文化 (ISSN:09147977)

巻号頁・発行日

no.31, pp.31-52, 2019

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This paper discusses expression usage of the Japanese adjective predicate sentence. The expression usage has prototype and i -dropped type, such as atsui! , atsu! "hot!". Two types have five common properties. It is to have having recognition contents, thing recognizing at a place of the utterance, not arriving at the judgment, not trying transmission, and various feelings. The prototype is a basic form of the expression usage, but the i-dropped type is a model of the states of the recognition. Therefore i-dropped types have increased recently. In addition, i-dropped type can express various feelings. Two types may be emphasized at a place of the utterance. A used method is to insert an assimilated sound in a word and make vowel sound of the end of a word a long sound then, such as aʔtsui! aʔtsu! , atsuRi! atsuR! , aʔtsuRi!.aʔtsuR! .

著者

近藤 研至

出版者

文教大学国語研究室, 文教大学日本語日本文学科研究室, 文教大学国文学会

雑誌

文教大学国文 (ISSN:03858782)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.(1)-(15), 2017-03-15

著者

近藤 研 杉山 慎

雑誌

JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2020

巻号頁・発行日

2020-03-13

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The Antarctic ice sheet drains ice into the ocean through floating ice shelves and outlet glaciers, which play key roles in the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. Since iceberg calving and ice shelf basal melting are major ablation processes of the ice sheet, understanging the dynamics of floating ice is important. Land-fast sea ice affects the stability of ice shelves by exerting battressing force on the ice front. For example, previous studies reported glacier front retreat, disintegration of ice shelves and ice flow acceleration after breakup of sea ice in front of glaciers (e.g. Miles et al., 2017). Lützow-Holm Bay located in East Antarctica is usually covered with land-fast sea ice all year round, but a large portion of sea ice broke up in April 2016 (Aoki et al., 2017). In order to investigate the impact of the sea ice break up on outlet glaciers in the region, we carried out satellite observations on Langhovde Glacier, one of the outlet glaciers terminating in Lützow-Holm Bay. Glacier terminus position was deliniated from 2000 to 2020, using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) imagery. Changes in glacier surface area near the calving front were devided by the width of the calving front to obtain mean retreat/advance distance. Ice flow velocity field from 2014 to 2020 was measured, by applying a feature tracking method (Sakakibara and Sugiyama, 2014) to Landsat 8 OLI image pairs.Terminus position has been relatively stable from 2000 to 2012, with only small fluctuations within a range of 200 m. The glacier then advanced by 400 m from 2012 to 2016. After 2016, the year of the land-fast sea ice break up, the terminus retreated rapidly by 720 m by 2020 as a result of large calving events in 2016 and 2019. The glacier front reached the most retreated position since 2000. After the sea ice breakup, ice speed increased from 110 m a−1 in 2017 to 135 m a−1 in 2019. The results of this study suggest the glacier had been stabilized by the land-fast sea ice by 2016. Rapid retreat and acceleration after the breakeup indicate significant influence of sea ice on the dynamics of outlet glaciers in Antarctica.ReferencesMiles, B.W.J. and Stokes, C.R. and Jamieson, S.S.R (2017), Simultaneous disintegration of outlet glaciers in Porpoise Bay (Wilkes Land), East Antarctica, driven by sea ice break-up, The Cryosphere, 11, 427-442.Aoki, S. (2017), Breakup of land-fast sea ice in Lützow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica, and its teleconnection to tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 3219–3227.Sakakibara, D., and S. Sugiyama (2014), Ice-front variations and speed changes of calving glaciers in the Southern Patagonia Icefield from 1984 to 2011, J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf., 119, 2541–2554.

著者

近藤 研二

出版者

加計学園倉敷芸術科学大学

雑誌

倉敷芸術科学大学紀要 (ISSN:13443623)

巻号頁・発行日

no.16, pp.15-24, 2011