著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2004, no.36, pp.101-116, 2003 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

23

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In Makino Library (on the grounds of Kochi Prefecture's Makino Botanical Garden), the writer made a close examination of a first-edition copy of A Pocket Dictionary of the English and Japanese Language (sic) . The copy of that rare book is one of only seventeen still in existence, out of the two hundred copies printed in the Edo era in 1862. Dr. Tomitaro Makino, a worldfamous botanist, possessed a first edition of the Dictionary, and also had six copies of the Dictionary. Why did he have so many copies of the Dictionary and how did he use them in his study of botany?In the preface for the second edition of theDictionary, the composer HORIKOSI KAMENOSKAY (sic) said that the first edition contained a number of errors regarding the Japanese and Chinese names of Plants, Animals and Minerals that needed to be corrected and that he had done so with the kind assistance of his learned friends YANAGAWA SUNSAM (sic), TANAKA YOSIWO (sic) & others.When Dr. Makino was a young man, he visited Dr. Yoshio Tanaka, a noted naturalist, and Dr. Tanaka remained one of Dr. Makino's most important mentors throughout his life. No doubt Dr. Makino frequently consulted the second edition of the Dictionary to help him choose the exact equivalent in Japanese terms when he was writing An Illustrated Flora of Japan.This report is based on the paper read by the writer at the regular monthly meeting on November 2, 2002.

著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.26, pp.71-83, 1993

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It is well known that the English word "philosophy" was translated into Japanese as<I>tetsugaku</I>by Amane Nishi.<BR>The writer makes clear the circumstances under which Nishi coined the term<I>tetsugaku</I>.<BR>However, before Nishi coined it, the word<I>rigaku</I>was the term most com-monly used to mean "philosophy." <BR>In 1791-92, in a translation of a Dutch book on astronomy, YoshinagaMotoki translated "philosophy" into various terms, such as 儒教・智学・窮理学・性理学・性理術. This was the first recorded translation of "philosophy" into these terms. And after twenty years, in a few Dutch-Japanese or English-Japanese dictionaries compiled around 1810, we can find the word<I>rigaku</I> (理学).A case can be made that Yoshinaga Motoki and Dutch interpreters played an important role in the translation of the word "philosophy" into Japanese. But why did<I>tetsugahu</I>come to replace<I>rigaku</I>as the commonly accepted translation when<I>rigaku</I>had been used for so many years.<BR>After presenting a report at the regular monthly meeting in April, 1993, the writer tried to throw new light on this question, as well as on the issues of why opinions are divided on the books in which the term<I>tetsugaku</I>appeared, and why "philosophy" was not translated into its exact Japanese equivalent<I>aichigaku</I> (愛智学).

著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.26, pp.71-83, 1993 (Released:2010-05-07)

参考文献数

28

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It is well known that the English word “philosophy” was translated into Japanese astetsugakuby Amane Nishi.The writer makes clear the circumstances under which Nishi coined the termtetsugaku.However, before Nishi coined it, the wordrigakuwas the term most com-monly used to mean “philosophy.” In 1791-92, in a translation of a Dutch book on astronomy, YoshinagaMotoki translated “philosophy” into various terms, such as 儒教・智学・窮理学・性理学・性理術. This was the first recorded translation of “philosophy” into these terms. And after twenty years, in a few Dutch-Japanese or English-Japanese dictionaries compiled around 1810, we can find the wordrigaku (理学).A case can be made that Yoshinaga Motoki and Dutch interpreters played an important role in the translation of the word “philosophy” into Japanese. But why didtetsugahucome to replacerigakuas the commonly accepted translation whenrigakuhad been used for so many years.After presenting a report at the regular monthly meeting in April, 1993, the writer tried to throw new light on this question, as well as on the issues of why opinions are divided on the books in which the termtetsugakuappeared, and why “philosophy” was not translated into its exact Japanese equivalentaichigaku (愛智学).

著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2005, no.37, pp.47-62, 2004 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

34

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Professor Minoru Umegaki and Mr. Sobei Arakawa were the two teachers of the greatest importance to the writer. The writer, though not taught by these teachers either in high school or in university, was greatly influenced by them when he was young.At first the writer was very interested in the loan words of foreign origin. After reading books by Professor Umegaki and Mr.Arakawa, the two greatest authorities on the words of foreign origin, the writer knew that they had both been given the Okakura prize when they were in their early forties.However, after consulting available dictionaries and glossaries, the writer was unable to find even a mention of the Okakura prize, or the past winners of the prize.Based on careful research of the editor's columns, of the past issues of THE RISING GENERATION, the well-known magazine for English literature and English education, the writer explains how the Okakura prize was begun in memory of Yoshisaburo Okakura, a famous scholar and teacher of English. The writer also lists winners of the Okakura prize and Okakura prize for English education.It is a pity that these two prizes were discontinued in 1946, a year after the end of World War II. After the war, the Okakura prize for English education was in a sense replaced by the Palmer prize, which has survived to the present day.This report is based on the paper read by the writer at the 39th national meeting of our Society on October 6, 2002.

著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.38, pp.83-95, 2005 (Released:2010-01-25)

参考文献数

8

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This report is based on a reading, by the writer, which took place at our Society's 41st national meeting on 31st October, 2004. The year 2004 was a special year for both our Society and Japan as it jointly marked the 40th anniversary of the foundation of our Society and the 150th anniversary of the conclusion of the U.S.-Japan Peace Treaty in the Edo era. This memorable meeting was held at the International Conference Hall at Waseda University, which has had close links to English Language studies in Japan. As one of the main themes of the meeting was English Language studies at Waseda University, the writer read a paper on the late Prof. Katsumata during histime at Waseda University and his close study of『英和対訳袖珍辞書』.In 1914, Professor Katsumata, a famous scholar and teacher of English, contributed an article 'On the first Dictionary of the English and Japanese Languages' to『英語青年』=THE RISING GENERATION, the well-knownmagazine for English literature and education. By making a comparison between the treatises of Dr. Fumihiko Otsuki and Prof. Katsumata, the writer explicitly points out that in the article contributed by Prof. Katsumata to 'THE RISING GENERATION', the fact was revealed for the first time thatonly two hundred copies of the first edition of『英和対訳袖珍辞書』were printed in 1862.The writer also indicates the probability of the second printing of the firstedition of『英和対訳袖珍辞書』.

著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2003, no.35, pp.17-30, 2002 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

27

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In most libraries in Japan, you can find a voluminous dictionary of loan-words, compiled by &Mei Arakawa. This dictionary is characterized by its rich records, including the first written record of each of the loan-words. Every record tells us about the cultural history concerning the loan-word.In this paper, the writer will examine the process by which S. Arakawa compiled the dictionary, as said to be the definitive work among dictionaries of loan-words, though he was a mere English teacher at a local junior high school under the old education system.And the author will also examine the scholars by whom he was greatly influenced. S.Arakawa was quite unknown when he published Japanized English (at his own expense), yet the famous novelist and scholar Shôyo Tsubouchi was the first person to order a copy.S. Arakawa decided to specialize in loan words after being inspired by a treatise on loan-words by Yoshisaburo Okakura. Okakura remained Arakawa's most important mentor throughout the remainder of his life.Arakawa decided to compile Japanized English after being inspired by Sanki Ichikawa's book, English Influence on Japanese (sic). After receiving a letter from S. Ichikawa, saying that the dictionary would be of no value if it had no examples, Arakawa devoted himself to searching for these examples. In the end, he spent more than 60 years of his life searching records of loan-words.This report is based on the paper read by the writer at the monthly meeting on November 3, 2001.

著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, no.40, pp.105-128, 2007 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

17

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『英和対訳袖珍辞書』 : A Pocket Dictionary of the English and Japanese Language (sic) is believed to be the first authentic English-Japanese dictionary in Japan. And it has been 145 years since the dictionary was compiled by Hori Tatsunosuke in 1862. This report is based on a reading by the writer at our Society's 414th regular monthly meeting on June 3 in 2006. Research has been carried out by the writer from 1993 to 2007.The writer divides the history into four periods. The first period is the Introductory Period which spans the Meiji and Taisho eras, when the existence of the dictionary was introduced by Doctor Otsuki and Professor Katsumata. The second period is that of Bibliographical Studies which begins with the Showa era and ends before the Second World War, when bibliographical studies were made by several scholars on the English language. The third period is that of Genealogical Studies which is after the Second World War to the year 1988, when genealogical studies of the dictionary, especially the degree of the influence of『和蘭字彙』 : A Dutch-Japanese Dictionary in 1855-58 into 『英和対訳袖珍辞書』 was metrically investigated by scholars on the Japanese language. The fourth period may be called that of Studies of Chinese Influence which is after 1988, when Ms. Wu Mei Hui (呉美慧) presented a treatise about the comparison of English and Chinese Dictionary by W. H. Medhurst and 『英和対訳袖珍辞書』.The writer has also added a list of the important books and treatises on the latter dictionary.