著者
須田 将司
出版者
教育史学会
雑誌
日本の教育史学 (ISSN:03868982)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, pp.032-044, 2016 (Released:2017-04-03)
参考文献数
16

During the Second Sino-Japanese war (1937-1941), there was an expansion of discourse and practice of “School Meetings” (gakko jokai), a term that here encompasses “Pupil Meetings” and “Children’s Neighborhood Groups.” This paper explores the trend of “School Meetings” discourse and its significance as a new method of drilling and training.Specifically, this paper analyzes the formation and development of this discourse and practice by focusing on the “Federation for Citizen Disciplinary Education” (Kokumin Kun’iku Renmei) and the “Japan Young Teachers Association” (Nihon Seinen Kyoshidan).In December, 1940, the “Federation for Citizen Disciplinary Education” held a workshop, inviting pioneering practitioners and theorists of “Morals Education” (hotoku kyoiku), thereby directly absorbing their know-how and theory. Thereafter, within the Federation, the practises that encourage children’s “virtues and merits” through “School Meetings,” and emphasize approach to the children’s inner side with “responsibility and compassion” were increased.As for, the “Japan Young Teachers Association” developed the theories and practices of “School Meetings” through connections with policy strategists. Their methods emphasized having a “cooperative heart” and practicing “self-reflection” as well as the importance of “public service” and “drilling.”“School Meetings” generated from the two “breeding grounds” both evoked “spontaneity” and “initiative” through “self-reflection” while removing self-assertion. This was inextricably linked to stifling feelings of children who were not committed themselves to drilling. The movement may be said to have exposed the limits of pedagogy.
著者
須田 将司
出版者
東洋大学
雑誌
若手研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2013-04-01

1930年代、全国の校庭に「金次郎像」の建立ブームがあったが、静岡・富山・福島・神奈川・栃木・島根等では児童自身に生活を振り返り、自ら生活目標を立てさせていく「報徳教育」が生み出されていた。特に神奈川県福沢小学校では、戦後も児童の「主体性」を重視する研究を続け、「話し合い活動」の授業論・教師論として発展させていた。本研究は、戦中・戦後の時代を越えて教師を惹きつけた「報徳教育」の実相を明らかとした。