著者

橘川 武郎 長谷川 信 平沢 照雄 松村 敏弘 橋野 知子 高岡 美佳 平本 厚 中村 尚史

出版者

一橋大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2005

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課題番号17330077基盤研究(B)「規制の経済史的研究-産業発展をめぐる企業と政府-」(平成17〜19年度)の研究成果は、2008(平成20)年3月に刊行した研究成果報告書(xii+270頁、総論+全12章)に集約されている。この研究成果報告書の各章は、19世紀後半の生糸貿易(1章、中林真幸執筆、以下同様)、明治期の鉄道業(2章、中村尚史)、第1次世界大戦期の染料工業(3章、橋野知子)、1920〜30年代のラジオ受信機工業(4章、平本厚)、戦前から戦後にかけての港湾運送業(5章、大島久幸)、1950〜60年代のクリスマス電球工業(6章、平沢照雄)、1960年前後の損害保険業(7章、齋藤直)、1960〜70年代の自動車排ガス規制(8章、板垣暁)、戦後復興期〜1980年代の重電機工業(9章、長谷川信)、1950年代後半から今日にかけての原子力発電(10章、橘川武郎)、1980年代後半から今日にかけてのネットワーク型公益事業をめぐる規制改革(11章、松村敏弘)、経済規制に関する理論研究の動向(12章、佐々木弾)を、検討対象としている。本研究は、(1)検討対象期間を長期(明治期から今日まで)にわたって設定する、(2)第2次産業および第3次産業に展開する幅広い業種を取り上げる、(3)大企業と政府との関係だけでなく、中小企業と政府との関係も視野に入れる、(4)歴史分析にもとづく実証研究と経済学に基盤をおく理論研究を結合する、という四つの特徴をもっているが、この点は、上記の報告書にも色濃く反映されている。(1)(2)の点は、1章〜11章の構成から明らかである。(3)に関しては、4〜6章が、中小企業と政府との関係を掘り下げている。(4)に関しては、1、11、12章が理論研究の成果を積極的にとり入れている。

著者

高岡 美佳

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.44-73, 1999-09-25 (Released:2009-11-06)

被引用文献数

1 1

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The first purpose of this article is to analyze the business development of the convenience store business in Japan since the oil shock. The second is to argue the reason Japanese convenience store enterprises selected the franchise system.The conclusions of this article can be summarized as follows : The basic factor that enabled quick growth of the convenience store business from the 1970s to the 1990s was the favorable business environment, particularly the diffusion of a rapid consumption pattern. In order to win business opportunities, convenience store enterprises (e.g., Seven-Eleven Japan Co.) selected not a regular chain system but a franchise system, because of shortage of human and financial resources.The franchise system of convenience store enterprises was also beneficial to traditional small-size retailers. It is more profitable for many small retailers (e.g., liquor stores) to transform themselves into franchisee shops in convenience store chains. Simply put, the franchise system was adopted because of the mutual benefits for convenience store enterprises as franchisers and traditional small-size retailers as franchisees.Moreover, this article points out the importance of incentive design, which was built into the franchise system of convenience stores business in Japan. This is why the franchise system expanded after convenience stores enterprises solved the problem of shortage of resources.

著者

高岡 美佳

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.1-35, 1997-04-30 (Released:2009-11-06)

被引用文献数

1 1

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The first purpose of this article is to analyze the business development of the Japanese department stores in the postwar restoration era when the first regulation on procurement of the department stores was legistrated in 1954. And, the second is to argue the process to the consignment system, the largest problem of today's department store management.The conclusion of this article can be summarized as follows.The factor which enabled the growth of Japanese department stores in the period was the positive business environments, particulary westernization of fashion life. In order to capture business chances, department stores leveraged their vertical relationship with suppliers such as this return policy (henpin) and dispatched salespersons (haken-tenin), because of shortage of human and financial resources. However, as this return policy in the postwar restoration era was different from the ruled system (in other words mutualy-agreed system) in the prewar era, suppliers had to owe all the risk of return goods. The regulation in 1954 was made to solve these problems, but it urged department stores adopt consignment system to avoid the occurance of return goods.Adoptation of the consignment system by department stores was also beneficial to the suppliers in two ways. First, suppliers felt urgency to establish the rule of transaction with department stores to prevent opportunism came out from unruled return system. Second, sift from usual procurement to consignment sytem widened the margin of the suppliers.Plainly speaking, the consignment sytem became established due to mutual rationality between retailers and suppliers. In my prospect, it may safely be said that other types of Japan's trade practices came onstage in the same context.