- 著者
- Yasuhiro Funakoshi Masafumi Harada Hideki Otsuka Kenji Mori Hiromichi Ito Takashi Iwanaga
- 出版者
- 徳島大学医学部
- 雑誌
- The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.63, no.3.4, pp.204-208, 2016 (Released:2016-09-17)
- 参考文献数
- 21
- 被引用文献数
- 21
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) in normal aging and in children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and independent component analysis. Methods: Thirty-one healthy controls (HC) in four age groups (1-3, 4-8, 20-29, and 50-59 years) and 14 childhood ASD cases (1-8 years of age) were examined by rsfMRI echo-planar imaging on a clinical 3-T MRI scanner. Imaging of all children (1-8 years) was conducted under sedation, while adults were scanned in the awake state with eyes closed. Results: The regions of DMN functional connectivity in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule and posterior cingulate cortex were smaller in HC children than in HC adults, and smaller in the ASD group than in the HC children. Conclusion: It is possible to observe developmental and pathological changes in the DMN by rsfMRI. Reduced DMN functional connectivity in children may be a useful biomarker for ASD diagnosis. J. Med. Invest. 63: 204-208, August, 2016
- 著者
- Tsuneo Ninomiya Hiroko Hashimoto Hiroe Tani Kenji Mori
- 出版者
- The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine
- 雑誌
- The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.64, no.1.2, pp.153-159, 2017 (Released:2017-03-29)
- 参考文献数
- 12
- 被引用文献数
- 1 6
Objective: To improve primary prevention of child maltreatment, the association between at-risk parents identified by maternity hospitals and local health centers and intervention outcomes was investigated. Methods: A screening program for primary prevention of child maltreatment has been implemented for parents with children aged<3 years in A Prefecture. At-risk parents are identified at maternity hospitals and local health centers. Public health nurses provide intervention to promote positive parenting through home visits, and referred to child protective centers when they suspect child maltreatment. Results: Between 2009 and 2014, a total of 2,252 new at-risk parents were identified, 956 from maternity hospitals and 1,296 from local health centers. Among these at-risk parents, 356 (15.8%) were referred to child protective centers for possible child maltreatment, 88 of which came from maternity hospitals and 268 from local health centers. The rate of referral from maternity hospitals was significantly lower than that from local health centers (9.2% vs. 20.7%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Identification of at-risk parents during pregnancy and early intervention resulted in a decrease in the rate of referrals to child protective centers. The specific risk factors of “perceived lack of social support”, “mental illness” and “teen pregnancy” may be mitigated by early intervention. J. Med. Invest. 64: 153-159, February, 2017
- 著者
- Kenji Hagita Kenji Mori
- 出版者
- Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies
- 雑誌
- Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies (ISSN:18811124)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.11, pp.1999-2014, 2015 (Released:2015-12-26)
- 参考文献数
- 12
Traffic accidents shortly before and after sunset in Chiba were analyzed. The rate of traffic accidents shortly after sunset was found to be higher than at any other time, whereas the rate shortly before sunset was found to be lower. Traffic accidents caused by sun glare tended not to occur shortly before sunset, because the presence of topographic features meant that the sun had already effectively set. The rate of pedestrian accidents shortly after sunset was higher than that of any other time; the rate shortly before sunset was slightly lower than in day and shortly after sunset, because it was not dark and drivers were not dazzled by sun glare before sunset. However, it is already the case that many vehicle headlights are on shortly after sunset, so it is difficult to decrease pedestrian accidents only by advising drivers to use their lights in the hour before sunset.
- 著者
- Takuya Tashiro Kenji Mori
- 出版者
- FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)
- 雑誌
- Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology (ISSN:09157352)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.22, no.128, pp.280-295, 2010 (Released:2011-01-04)
- 参考文献数
- 101
- 被引用文献数
- 4 18
ナチュラルキラー (NK) T細胞は、自然免疫と獲得免疫の橋渡し役を担っており、感染防御ならびに免疫抑制反応の双方において重要な役割を果たしている免疫細胞である。NKT細胞による免疫反応は、糖脂質と、免疫系における抗原提示蛋白質の一種であるCD1dとの複合体を、T細胞受容体を用いて認識することにより誘導される。キリンビール(株)により1995年に開発されたKRN7000は、特異なα-ガラクトシルセラミド構造を有し、NKT細胞を強力に活性化して多量のサイトカイン産生を誘導するため、NKT細胞研究における標準試薬として使われている。当初、KRN7000は抗腫瘍活性剤として開発されたが、免疫賦活活性を誘導するヘルパーT(Th)1型サイトカインを産生誘導すると同時に、免疫抑制活性を誘導するTh2型のサイトカインも同時かつ大量に産生誘導してしまうため、治療薬としての適用疾患は制限されているのが現状である。KRN7000の開発が報告されてから今年で15年が経過したが、KRN7000よりも効率よくNKT細胞を活性化する新規医薬品候補化合物の開発研究が世界中で続けられている。さらには、NKT細胞が糖脂質をどのように認識し、サイトカインの産生を行っているのかを解明しようとする研究も盛んに行われている。以下、NKT細胞を効率的に活性化する新規糖脂質の構造活性相関研究について概説する。