著者

Xiaolu FENG Jincai LU Hailiang XIN Lei ZHANG Yuliang WANG Kexuan TANG

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.131, no.3, pp.423-429, 2011-03-01 (Released:2011-03-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

19 32

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The aim of this study was to ascertain the anti-arthritic active fraction of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) fruits and its chemical constituents. The adjuvant arthritic rat model was developed to evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of different fractions of ethanol extraction from C. spinosa L. The fraction eluted by ethanol-water (50:50, v/v) had the most significant anti-arthritic activity. The chemical constituents of this fraction were therefore studied; seven known compounds were isolated and identified as: (1) P-hydroxy benzoic acid; (2) 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural; (3) bis (5-formylfurfuryl) ether; (4) daucosterol; (5) α-D-fructofuranosides methyl; (6) uracil; and (7) stachydrine.

著者

Mamoru Oshiki Lin Gao Lei Zhang Satoshi Okabe

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.ME21092, 2022 (Released:2022-04-12)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

1

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Anammox bacteria produce N2 gas by oxidizing NH4+ with NO2–, and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) is a potential intermediate of the anammox process. N2 gas production occurs when anammox bacteria are incubated with NH2OH only, indicating their capacity for NH2OH disproportionation with NH2OH serving as both the electron donor and acceptor. Limited information is currently available on NH2OH disproportionation by anammox bacteria; therefore, the stoichiometry of anammox bacterial NH2OH disproportionation was examined in the present study using 15N-tracing techniques. The anammox bacteria, Brocadia sinica, Jettenia caeni, and Scalindua sp. were incubated with the addition of 15NH2OH, and the production of 15N-labeled nitrogenous compounds was assessed. The anammox bacteria tested performed NH2OH disproportionation and produced 15-15N2 gas and NH4+ as reaction products. The addition of acetylene, an inhibitor of the anammox process, reduced the activity of NH2OH disproportionation, but not completely. The growth of B. sinica by NH2OH disproportionation (–240.3‍ ‍kJ mol NH2OH–1 under standard conditions) was also tested in 3 up-flow column anammox reactors fed with 1) 0.7‍ ‍mM NH2OH only, 2) 0.7‍ ‍mM NH2OH and 0.5‍ ‍mM NH4+, and 3) 0.7‍ ‍mM NH2OH and 0.5‍ ‍mM NO2–. NH2OH consumption activities were markedly reduced after 7‍ ‍d of operation, indicating that B. sinica was unable to maintain its activity or biomass by NH2OH disproportionation.

著者

Lei Zhang Baoli Zhang Ying Yu Jingfeng Wang Jian Wu Yangang Su Hong Jiang Yunzeng Zou Junbo Ge

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.162-170, 2021-01-30 (Released:2021-01-30)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

5

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High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is increased in the myocardium under pressure overload (PO) and is involved in PO-induced cardiac remodeling. The mechanisms of the upregulation of cardiac HMGB1 expression have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, a mouse transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model was used, and an angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor inhibitor (losartan) or Ang II type 2 (AT2) receptor inhibitor (PD123319) was administrated to mice for 14 days. Cardiac myocytes were cultured and treated with Ang II for 5 minutes to 48 hours conditionally with the blockage of the AT1 or AT2 receptor. TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy was observed at 14 days after the operation, which was partially reversed by losartan, but not by PD123319. Similarly, the upregulated HMGB1 expression levels observed in both the serum and myocardium induced by TAC were reduced by losartan. Elevated cardiac HMGB1 protein levels, but not mRNA or serum levels, were significantly decreased by PD123319. Furthermore, HMGB1 expression levels in culture media and cardiac myocytes were increased following Ang II treatment in vitro, positively associated with the duration of treatment. Similarly, Ang II-induced upregulation of HMGB1 in vitro was inhibited by both losartan and PD123319. These results suggest that upregulation of HMGB1 in serum and myocardium under PO, which are partially derived from cardiac myocytes, may be induced by Ang II via the AT1 and AT2 receptors. Additionally, amelioration of PO-induced cardiac hypertrophy following losartan treatment may be associated with the reduction of HMGB1 expression through the AT1 receptor.

著者

Lei Zhang

出版者

International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development

雑誌

International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development (ISSN:21873666)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.4, pp.4-18, 2017-10-15 (Released:2017-10-15)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1 10

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The water-quality index is a grading system for presenting water-quality data and comparing water of varying quality. It can be used in water quality trend analyses and presents valuable information to policy makers, managers, and other nontechnical people. For exploring water quality and identifying the main pollution parameter in the lower reaches of Liao River, Single Factor Evaluation (SFE) method in the form of a Comprehensive Water Pollution Index (CWPI), the Nemerow-Sumitomo Water Quality Index (NWQI), and the Comprehensive Water Quality Identification Index (CWQII) method were used to evaluate water quality in lower reaches of Liao River, Liaoning province, China. The results proved that at Zhaoquan river and Wailiao river the water quality status was good, and Pangxiegou river and Qingshui river showed unsatisfactory water quality status. The major pollution indicator in lower reaches of Liao River was petroleum, and compared with the other assessment methods, CWQII was found to give more useful and objective information, and it is worth further promoting water quality inspections in lower reaches of Liao River. Finally, according to the distribution of industry in the Liao river basin, this study makes some relevant suggestions for sustainable development in the future.

著者

Bei-Wei ZHU Lu-Lu ZHAO Li-Ming SUN Dong-Mei LI Yoshiyuki MURATA Lei YU Lei ZHANG

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.6, pp.1430-1437, 2008-06-23 (Released:2008-06-23)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

40

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Cathepsin L-like enzyme was purified from the body wall of the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus by an integral method involving ammonium sulfate precipitation and a series of column chromatographies on DEAE Sepharose CL-6B, Sephadex G-75, and TSK-GEL. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 63 kDa by SDS–PAGE. The enzyme cleaved N-carbobenzoxy-phenylalanine-arginine7-amido-4-methylcoumarin with Km (69.92 μM) and kcat (12.80/S) hardly hydrolyzed N-carbobenzoxy-arginine-arginine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin and L-arginine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin. The optimum pH and temperature for the purified enzyme were found to be 5.0 and 50 °C. It showed thermal stability below 40 °C. The activity was inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents and activated by reducing agents. These results suggest that the purified enzyme was a cathepsin L-like enzyme and that it existed in the form of its enzyme-inhibitor complex or precursor.