著者

Tiantian Zhang Ping Zhu Junjie Lian Yunchun Liu

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE Electronics Express (ISSN:13492543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.22, pp.20230390, 2023-11-25 (Released:2023-11-25)

参考文献数

31

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The stress analysis of packaging on packaging (POP) under random vibration loading is conducted using the finite element model. The effect of structural parameters on solder joint stresses is analyzed by sensitivity analysis. Stress fitting is performed using the response surface method (RSM), and the optimization module is used to optimi-ze the structural parameters of POP packaging. The results demonstrate a reduction of 0.016 and 0.0031MPa in upper and lower solder joint stresses, respectively. This optimization of the structural parameters improves the reliability of the electronic packaging structure.

著者

Yong-Qiang Shan Yan-Ping Zhu Jing Pang Yan-Xiang Wang Dan-Qing Song Wei-Jia Kong Jian-Dong Jiang

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.10, pp.1562-1569, 2013-10-01 (Released:2013-10-01)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

11 40

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This study was designed to improve the absorption and hypoglycemic efficacy of berberine (BBR), which is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), by combination with a P-gp inhibitor tetrandrine (Tet). Flow cytometry and LC-MS/MS were used to determine the cellular efflux or retention of chemicals. Pharmacokinetic study was performed in ICR mice following oral administration of the study compounds. The hypoglycemic efficacies of the compounds were evaluated in diabetic KK-Ay mice. In the in vitro experiments, Tet significantly inhibited the efflux and increased the uptake of P-gp substrates rhodamine-123 as well as BBR in MCF7/DOX cells and Caco-2 intestinal cells. Meanwhile, Tet greatly reduced the expression of P-gp in Caco-2 cells. The inhibition of BBR efflux by Tet was translated into improved pharmacokinetics in vivo. When co-administered, Tet dose-dependently increased the average maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under concentration–time curve (AUC0–24) of BBR in mice. Tet itself had no impact on glucose metabolism. However, it greatly potentiated the hypoglycemic efficacy of BBR in diabetic KK-Ay mice. In addition, we found that Tet had moderate inhibitory effect on the catalytic activity of CYP3A4, which played a role in the bio-transformation of BBR, and this may also take part in the improvement of the pharmacokinetics of BBR. In summary, combination with P-gp inhibitors such as Tet can improve the pharmacokinetics and hypoglycemic efficacy of BBR greatly; this implicates a feasible strategy for exploring the therapeutic effects of BBR and other pharmaceuticals which are substrates of P-gp.