著者

Yasufumi Doi Toshiharu Ninomiya Jun Hata Koji Yonemoto Yumihiro Tanizaki Hisatomi Arima Ying Liu Mahbubur Rahman Misuo Iida Yutaka Kiyohara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.56-62, 2009-03-05 (Released:2009-03-19)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

20 22

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Background: There have been few population-based studies of the seroprevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in Japan.Methods: We enrolled a total of 1244 adults, aged 18–59 years, from a population-based cohort in southern Japan, and tested their serum samples using an ELISA kit containing HSV type-specific antigens to glycoproteins G1 and G2.Results: The seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 was 55.4% and 7.4% in men and 63.3% and 9.3% in women, respectively. Overall, 4 percent of the participants (2.3% of men and 5.0% of women) were co-infected with HSV-1 and HSV-2. The seroprevalences of both HSV-1 and HSV-2 increased with age in both sexes, and were always higher among women than among men in each age bracket. The prevalence of HSV-2 infection among HSV-1 infected individuals was lower than that among uninfected individuals, both in men and women. Male current drinkers, and male and female current smokers, were more likely to be infected with HSV-1 and HSV-2, as compared to never drinkers and never smokers, respectively.Conclusion: It is hoped that the estimates produced in this study will help in understanding the burden of these infections in Japan.

著者

Yu-Hang Cao Ting-Ting Chen Xiong Peng Rong-Rong Wu Xiang Li Gao-Feng Liu Li-Xia Shen Xiao-Jun Chen Zi Yang Zhao-Ying Liu Zhi-Liang Sun Yong Wu

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.2023023, 2023 (Released:2023-09-09)

参考文献数

42

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The plant species Gelsemium elegans Benth. (GEB) promotes pig and sheep growth; however, little is known about its effects in chickens. In this study, a GEB extract (GEBE) was prepared, and its effects on the growth, slaughter, antioxidant performance, meat quality, serum biochemical indices, intestinal morphology, and microflora of yellow-feathered chickens were evaluated. In total, 600 chickens aged 15 days were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates each and fed a basal diet containing 0% (control), 0.25% (0.25 GEBE), 0.75% (0.75 GEBE), or 1.25% (1.25 GEBE) GEBE until 49 days of age. Chickens were then killed, and their meat, organs, and serum and cecal contents were collected. GEBE reduced the feed conversion ratio, particularly in the 0.75 and 1.25 GEBE groups. Furthermore, the GEBE diet improved meat tenderness and reduced the meat expressible moisture content and liver malondialdehyde content, indicating high meat quality. Whereas the 0.25 GEBE diet increased the level of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the cecum, the 0.75 GEBE diet decreased the Escherichia coli level therein. These findings demonstrate that GEBE may improve the meat quality and cecal microbiota of yellow-feathered chickens, providing a basis for identifying candidate alternatives to conventional antibiotics as growth promoting feed additives.

著者

Gui-Ying Liu Wei-Jun Chen Min Zhao

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE Electronics Express (ISSN:13492543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.20220473, 2023-01-10 (Released:2023-01-10)

参考文献数

30

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Based on an auxiliary differential equation (ADE) and new weighted Laguerre polynomials (WLPs), an efficient 3-D finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) with factorized-splitting (FS) scheme is proposed to calculate wave propagation in general dispersive materials. The ADE technique is introduced to model general dispersive materials. Using a new temporal basis, the new WLPs can improve computational efficiency and save computing resources. The FS scheme is used to efficiently solve the huge sparse matrix equation. A numerical example is given to verify the accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed method. The results show its superiority compared with existing methods.

著者

Rui Niu Yue Chen Yufang Xiang Ying Liu Jiadong Guo Bianling Feng

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.10, pp.1476-1480, 2020-10-01 (Released:2020-10-01)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2

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Various sources of information are available for identifying and evaluating adverse drug reactions (ADRs). However, some studies only used the ADR data from spontaneous reporting databases to evaluate the safety of post-marketing drugs. This study was performed to identify an appropriate method for evaluating the safety of post-marketing drugs by comparing the frequencies of ADRs among three datasets: randomized controlled trials, published case reports, and spontaneous reports. Taking ADR data for fluorouracil as an example, we collected the three types of data and extracted their ADR information. All listed ADRs were sorted by frequency from high to low, and the top five ADRs were chosen from each dataset. We assigned an index value of 1.0 to the frequency of one specific ADR (diarrhea) and then calculated the index values of the other ADRs relative to diarrhea. Ten different ADRs were mentioned in the top five ADRs of the three datasets, and only diarrhea and nausea/vomiting were included in all three datasets. The rank orders of the top five ADRs varied among the three datasets. Nausea and vomiting was the most frequent ADR in all three datasets; the remaining ADRs differed among the datasets. There were significant differences in the recording of ADRs and the frequency distributions among the three datasets. A comprehensive and reliable safety profile for post-marketing drugs should not be based on any one source. Spontaneous reports from monitoring institutions provided the most ADR data. Randomized controlled trials and case reports published in the literature can supplement the results from spontaneous reports.