著者

Atsushi Mochizuki Takayuki Mitsunaga

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.217-219, 2004 (Released:2004-08-25)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

13 13

---

As a part of a risk assessment of the non-target effect of the introduced green lacewing on native ecosystem, we performed a laboratory experiment to characterize the symmetry of the interspecific predation between the introduced green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea and the native sibling species, C. nipponensis among different stages. The elder and larger larvae always ate the younger and smaller individuals, regardless of species. When the same instar and similar sized larvae were paired, almost equal predation rates between the two species was observed. Our results suggest that size was the most important factor to determine the symmetry of the interspecific predation between C. carnea and C. nipponensis. Populations of C. nipponensis will not be decreased by interspecific predation with C. carnea without extreme mass releases of C. carnea in a small arena.

著者

Seiichi MORIYA Kouichi INOUE Akio OTAKE Masakazu SHIGA Masato MABUCHI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.231-233, 1989-05-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

41 47

著者

Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow Carsten H. G. Müller Magnus Lindström

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.117-122, 2006 (Released:2006-04-10)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

6 8

---

In order to solve the long-standing problem as to whether the eyes of Scutigera coleoptrata were functional and responded to flashes of light, we carried out electrophysiological recordings from them with glass electrodes pushed into the eye's retina. The electroretinograms were typical cornea-negative responses, similar in shape and duration to those seen in other arthropods, including those with cryptic lifestyles. We located two sensitivity peaks: one in the vicinity to light of 448 nm wavelength and a second 0.25–0.5 log unit lower one in the ultraviolet region (UV) of the spectrum around 350 nm and we expect at least two kinds of visual pigments to be present. We can only speculate on the surprisingly well-developed UV-sensitivity and suggest that it could serve the animal as an alarm colour to avoid open, illuminated spaces or to detect exits from concealed hiding places in soil crevices and from under boulders.

著者

Xue Dong Chen Fusao Nakasuji

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.335-341, 2004 (Released:2004-08-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

15 16

---

Two populations (Replications 1 and 2) were selected for 8 generations with fenvalerate at a LD50 dose to compare the biotic performances and fitness of resistant and susceptible strains of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella. The LD50 value rose gradually from 1.4×10−3 μg/larva to 6.7×10−2 μg/larva in Replication 1 and to 4.9×10−2 μg/larva in Replication 2. The resistance ratio was thus 67-fold and 49-fold respectively. The eggs of the selected strain were significantly smaller than those of the non-selected strain within 2 or 3 generations, then became stabilized in Replication 1 and fluctuated in Replication 2 at 1.20×10−2 mm3. The size of the non-selected strain fluctuated around 1.35×10−2 mm3 in both replications. To investigate the genetic changes in biotic performances of DBM in the selected strain, offspring of the selected and non-selected strains were individually reared at every other generation. The survival rate of immature stages, developmental period, pupal weight, adult longevity, fecundity of females and size of eggs laid by females were compared between the two strains. The survival rate of the selected strain was significantly lower than that of the non-selected strain in the 2nd generation. The survival rate of the selected strain also tended to be lower in the other generation. The fecundity of females of the selected strain tended to be higher than in the non-selected strain. The eggs of the selected strain were significantly smaller than those of the non-selected strain in all generations. The development period, pupal weight and longevity of adults did not significantly differ between the two strains in any generation. These results suggest that successive selection with fenvalerate at a sublethal LD50 dose yielded a fitness disadvantage in the DBM population.

著者

Yuki Fujiwara Tomoko Takahashi Toshie Yoshioka Fusao Nakasuji

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.103-109, 2002 (Released:2003-04-25)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

49 60

---

Fecundity and egg size were compared in adult of the females adult diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) treated and untreated with sublethal doses of fenvalerate in order to understand the physiological significance of insecticidal hormoligosis. The 4th stadium larvae were treated with fenvalerate at LD25 or LD50. More eggs were laid by treated females at LD25 than untreated females, although the difference was only marginally significant (p=0.07). However, the eggs laid by treated females at LD25 and LD50 were significantly smaller in size than those laid by the control. The reproductive effort (fecundity×egg size) did not differ between treated females and the control. The treatment of a sublethal dose (LD50) against the parent affected the development and survival of offspring at immature stages of males. The hatchability of smaller eggs laid by treated females at LD25 tended to be lower than those of controls under different humidity conditions, and the difference was apparent at a humidity of 29%. The survival rate of the offspring at immature stages was lower in the treatment group (LD25) than in the control group, and development tended to be prolonged in the former group at temperatures higher than 20°C.

著者

Masachika HIRANO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.4, pp.404-409, 1979-11-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

21 24

---

Posttreantment temperature effects on the toxicity of fenvalerate (α-cyano-3-ohenoxy-benzyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-isovalerate) and othe insecticides were assessed. Fenvalerate, pyrethrins and DDT were from 2.5 to 7.3 time more toxic to Spodoptera litura larvae at 15°C than at 25°C by topical application method and foliar dipping method. As for salithion and methomyl LD50 values by topical application method were not affected by the posttreatment temperature, but the insecticidal activities by foliar dipping method showed a positive temperature coefficient. Fenvalerate, pyrethrins and DDT also showed a negative temperature coefficient of paralysing effect against S. litura, knockdown activity against Laodelphax striatellus and lethal activity against Plutella xylostella.

著者

Hirotaka Kobayashi Akiomi Yamane Ryûtarô Iwata

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.141-148, 2003 (Released:2003-05-25)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

15 19

---

We observed the mating behavior of Monochamus saltuarius (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) and confirmed the following behavioral actions. The male reacted to the female with his antennae or tarsi, the male dashed to the female and mounted her back. Copulation consisted of three phases: First, while bending at the abdomen, the male inserted his penis into the female's genitalia, second, the male is motionless with the females genitalia being pulled out from her abdomen by the males penis, outside of both body cavities, finally, the male tries to pull out his penis from the female genitalia. The copulation was shown to take place mostly for one and a half minutes, with a significant tendency to be slightly shortened as the pair progressed from the first through the third copulation. The violent fight between two males took place in the presence of a female and sometimes she changed her mate. The male did not differentiate between dead and live females, because the male mounted dead females as same as live them.

著者

Haruo Kinuura Masahide Kobayashi

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.123-128, 2006 (Released:2006-04-10)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

51 59

---

Adult Platypus quercivorus beetles were artificially inoculated into Japanese oak trees (Quercus crispula). Two inoculation methods were used: uniform inoculation through pipette tips, and random inoculation by release into netting. Four of the five trees that were inoculated uniformly died, as did all five trees that were inoculated at random. Seven of the nine dead trees showed the same wilting symptoms seen in the current mass mortality of oak trees. Raffaelea quercivora, which has been confirmed to be the pathogenic fungus that causes wilt disease and is usually isolated from the mycangia of P. quercivorus, was isolated from all of the inoculated dying trees. Trees that died faster showed a higher density of beetle galleries that succeeded in producing offspring. We found positive relationships between the density of beetle galleries that succeeded in producing offspring and the rate of discoloration in the sapwood and the isolation rate of R. quercivora. Therefore, we clearly demonstrated that P. quercivorus is a vector of R. quercivora, and that the mass mortality of Japanese oak trees is caused by mass attacks of P. quercivorus.

著者

Chikara Ishijima Takashi Motobayashi Madoka Nakai Yasuhisa Kunimi

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.155-162, 2004 (Released:2004-05-25)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

11 17

---

We investigated the effects of tillage practices on the densities of wolf spiders and planthoppers and leafhoppers in rice paddy fields. Paddies were subjected to one of two different treatments (no tillage and conventional tillage), and seasonal changes in the densities of wolf spiders and hoppers were investigated over two growing seasons (1999 and 2000). In both years, the density of wolf spiders was significantly higher and the density of hoppers tended to be lower in no-tilled paddies than in conventionally tilled paddies, although the latter difference was not statistically significant. The Iwao's omega values, which represent the degree of correlation between the spatial distributions of wolf spiders and hoppers, were higher in no-tilled than in tilled paddies during August when the hopper density decreased in no-tilled paddies.

著者

Takashi Motobayashi Chikara Ishijima Motonori Takagi Mihoko Murakami Ayame Taguchi Kazumasa Hidaka Yasuhisa Kunimi

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.371-381, 2006 (Released:2006-06-06)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

11 11

---

To examine the effects of tillage practices on spider assemblages in rice paddy fields, we investigated the abundance and biomass of spiders in untilled and tilled paddy fields over three cropping seasons (from 1999 to 2001). In total, we collected 6,829 spiders, consisting of 13 species in seven families. The family Lycosidae was the most abundant, followed by Tetragnathidae, Linyphiidae, and Salticidae. Spider abundance and biomass were greater in untilled than in tilled paddies during each cropping season. Although we detected no significant effect of tillage on spider abundance, we did observe a significant effect of tillage on spider biomass in 2000 and 2001. No differences were found in the abundance and biomass of tetragnathid and linyphiid spiders during the cropping season. In contrast, the abundance and biomass of lycosid or salticid spiders tended to be larger in untilled paddies than in tilled paddies, especially later in the cropping season.

著者

Nakamura Keiji Numata Hideharu

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

Applied entomology and zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.105-109, 2006-02-25

被引用文献数

12

---

Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the induction of adult diapause were examined in Dolycoris baccarum (L.) collected in Osaka and Hokkaido, Japan. Adults started reproduction soon after adult emergence under long-day conditions, while they entered diapause under short-day conditions. The critical photoperiod for the induction of diapause was between 13 and 14h and between 15 and 16h in insects of the Osaka and Hokkaido populations, respectively. Under long-day conditions, most insects of the Osaka population emerged as reproductive adults at any temperature used, whereas those in the Hokkaido population tended to show lower incidence of diapause as the temperature increased. Preoviposition periods in females of the Osaka population were shorter than those of the Hokkaido population. The duration of diapause in the Osaka population was shorter at 30℃ than at 25℃ under short-day conditions. In Osaka, D. baccarum is assumed to produce three generations a year, like several other seed-sucking bugs. In Hokkaido, a greater proportion of adults produces the second generation in summer under long daylengths.

著者

Seiji Tanaka Koutaro Maeno Sid'Ahmed Ould Mohamed Sidi Ould Ely Mohamed Abdallahi Babah Ebbe

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.641-652, 2010-11-25 (Released:2010-11-30)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

13 16

---

A short excursion was made to the western part of Mauritania to investigate increasing populations of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, in October 2009. The size of locust populations observed ranged from <1 to >20 individuals per 25 m2. Adults from low- and high-density populations were similar in morphometric ratios of F/C and E/F (F, hind femur length; C, maximum head width; E, fore wing length) and the ratios were similar to those reported for solitarious forms. However, locusts from high-density populations were mostly yellow, while those from low-density populations were brown or whitish. The former were observed ovipositing in groups. These observations, together with the fact that some of the females from high-density populations had ovarian eggs significantly larger than those found in females from low-density populations, suggested that gregarization might have occurred after adult emergence. Aggregations of nymphs were observed at many sites, and nymphs with black patterns typically observed in transient and gregarious populations were found together with those with solitarious body coloration, i.e. green or brown. A prompt action of locust control by National Locust Control Center was likely to have contributed to prevent further upsurges in the locust populations in the following seasons.

著者

Jun-ichi Takahashi Shin-ichi Akimoto Eisuke Hasegawa Jun Nakamura

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.481-486, 2002 (Released:2003-04-25)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

12 14

---

Vespa ducalis is a monogynous hornet with an annual life cycle. Its colonies are the smallest in the genus Vespa. Generally, it is thought that the number of queen matings and colony size are positively correlated, so we analyzed the queen mating number and genetic relatedness between workers of V. ducalis using microsatellite DNA markers. We examined foundress queens and 20 workers from each of 20 colonies. All colonies were found to have one queen inseminated by one male. The genetic relatedness between workers was 0.724±0.0029 (mean±SE), which is not significantly different from the expected value of 0.75 for full sisters. This result suggests a possible conflict in male production between queens and workers based on kin selection prediction. Therefore, we performed microsatellite analysis of 400 males from 20 colonies to verify whether males are derived from either queens or from workers. No males could be assigned to workers developed ovaries were not found in a total of 880 mature workers. These results strongly suggest that queens dominate production of males in V. ducalis colonies.

著者

Katsuyuki KOHNO Yoshimi HIROSE

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.406-409, 1997-05-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

3 7

著者

Yoshio TAMAKI Hiroshi NOGUCHI Takeshi YUSHIMA Chisato HIRANO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.139-141, 1971-09-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

33 79

著者

MORIMOTO Notake NAKAMURA Genta

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.358-371, 1989

被引用文献数

7

---

The life cycle and mortality process of the alpine form of the European pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer was studied from the egg to prepupal stage during 1983-1985 at Senjojiki, Mt. Kiso-Komagatake, in the Central Japanese Alps (ca. 2, 600 m). The alpine form had a 2-year life cycle, overwintering in the egg stage in the first year and in the prepupal stage in the second year. Mortality factors were assessed quantitatively for the egg and larval stages, and partial life tables and surviorship curves were formulated for each year. The major mortality factor during the egg stage was the death of the embryo which was, however, extremely low in relation to overall mortality. High larval mortality was seen in the younger stadia (especially in the 1st stadium), due main to weather conditions such as high precipitation and strong winds during the rainy season.

著者

Casimero Vic Tsukuda Ritsuko Nakasuji Fusao FUJISAKI Kenji

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

Applied entomology and zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.69-74, 2000-02-25

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

8 23

---

This study examined the influence of seven natural diets (cotton boll, cotton leaf, okra fruit, soybean seed, tomato fruit, tomato leaf, and corn kernel) and an artificial diet (Insecta LF) on the larval survival rate, larval duration, frequency of larval stadium types and pupal weight in Helicoverpa armigera. On most diets, the survival rate was notably lower in the early larval stage compared to the late one. The percentage of larvae that survived from the 1st-stadium to the end of the larval stage was highest on okra fruit and Insecta LF (>60%). Less than 60% of the larvae fed on the other diets completed their larval period. The mean larval period was significantly shorter for individuals reared on plant fruits or seeds as well as on Insecta LF than for those reared on plant leaves. The shortest larval duration was recorded on cotton boll while the longest was seen on cotton leaf. The number of larval stadia ranged from 5 to 6 on cotton boll, soybean seed, corn kernel and Insecta LF, 5 to 7 on okra and tomato fruits, and 6 to 7 on cotton and tomato leaves. The five-stadium type was dominant on cotton boll, okra fruit, corn kernel and Insecta LF, while the 6-stadium type was common on soybean seed, tomato fruit, cotton leaf and tomato leaf. Mean pupal weight was greatest in individuals fed on Insecta LF and least in those fed on tomato leaf.

著者

Jun MITSUHASHI Hajime INOUE

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.4, pp.488-490, 1988-11-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

30 79

著者

Shohko OBATA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.4, pp.434-442, 1987-11-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

6 51

---

The behavior of male Harmonia axyridis prior to and during copulation was studied.First, in order to investigate mate recognition by males, several kinds of models were presented to males and their response was observed. It was inferred that visual factors such as body size and shape were involved in mate recognition by males in a close idstance. Some chemical factor was suggested to be the main factor to release male copulatory behavior. Second, "body shaking", a characteristic behavior of a male during copulation, was analyzed in detail. This behavior was regular and rigid, and such characteristics suggested the direct control by the nervous system. By the experimental interruption of copulation, it was confirmed that body shaking was the process of sperm transfer. The mode of sperm transfer by spermatophore formation was also clarified.

著者

WAGO Haruhira ICHIKAWA Yoichi

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

Applied entomology and zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.4, pp.397-403, 1979-11-25

被引用文献数

2

---

This paper descributes the changes in Bombyx phagocytic rate during the larval development by measuring the uptake of goose erythrocytes (GRBCs) and the manner whereby hemocytic reactions to foreign colles are initiated. When GRBCs were injected into the hemocoel, they were easily phagocytosed by host hemocytes. On the basis of counting the number of unphagocytoses GRBCs, phagocytic rate was quantitatively measured. By employing such approach, it was shown that the velocity of phagonist of GRBCs by hemocytes increased with the larval age and that the rate of uptake of GRBCs at the 5th instar was highest throughtout the larval age. Wheres, in using GRBCs as foreign cells so as to know the manner of hemocytic reactions, phagocytosis either by a single granular cell or by several was observed. This suggested that the foreignness of the same size as the insect hemocytes was eighter phagocytosed or encapsulated. However, granular cells mostly were involved in this encapsulation. In addition, it was shown that granular cels adhered to GRBCs following random contact, suggestigng that the initial reaction to foreign cells, unlike the second phase by chemotaxis in encapsulation, would occur via random contact.