著者

Takashi Wada Katsuya Ichinose Hiroya Higuchi

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.365-370, 1999-08-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

12 16

---

Damage to direct-sown rice by th apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, was investigated in two semi-field experiments using rain-free experimental plots (each 2 m2 in area). Four snails (2 snails/m2), with shell heights of approximately 19 mm or 24 mm, were released in the plots at the time of sowing When the plots were irrigated soon after sowing (0 or 4 days after sowing), the snails fed avidly on young seedlings and no plants became established Drainage after sowing greatly reduced snail damage. Eighty seven to 94% of plants as compared to the control plots without snails were established when plots were drained for two weeks. Three weeks of drainage could almost prevent damage by snails (95-99% of plant establishment) when the plant age was at about the 5.0 leaf stage. Snail damage was more severe when herbicide was applied. Water management after sowing in direct-seeded rice is discussed in view of reducing snail damage.

著者

Ryuichi Koga Tsutomu Tsuchida Takema Fukatsu

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.281-291, 2009-05-25 (Released:2009-06-09)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

58 127

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Oligonucleotide-probed fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) targeting 16S rRNA is a powerful technique for detecting and characterizing bacterial cells in environmental samples without cultivation; however, general application of the technique to insect endosymbionts has been hindered by the strong autofluorescence frequently observed in insect tissues. Here we describe a protocol that markedly reduces autofluorescence of insect tissues by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment, whereby 16S rRNA of bacterial endosymbionts is kept in a FISH-detectable condition. Among various histological fixatives, Carnoy's solution was superior in that whole insects were successfully fixed and autofluorescence of insect tissues was suppressed in comparison with the widely used formaldehyde-based fixatives. Treatment with both alcoholic 6% H2O2 solution and aqueous 6% H2O2 solution markedly reduced autofluorescence of the fixed insect tissues, wherein the former kept 16S rRNA of bacterial endosymbiont in a FISH-detectable condition while the latter failed to do so. The protocol was applicable to endosymbionts of diverse insects such as aphids, lice and bat flies. The protocol was applicable not only to fresh insect samples but also to archival insect samples preserved in acetone for several years. We propose a general and robust protocol for quenching autofluorescence of insect tissues for FISH detection of bacterial endosymbionts, which is potentially applicable to endosymbionts of a wider range of organisms with considerable autofluorescence.

著者

Takashi Ohbayashi Hiroki Sato Shigeru Igawa

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.339-343, 1999-08-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

3 6

---

An epizootic caused by Massospora and Nomuraea species occurred in a population of cicada, Meimuna boninensis, an indigenous species of the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. The infection rate of Massospora sp. was 34.4%, and the abdominal cavity of the host was filled with resting spores which were brownish, and spherical, (av. 41 μm in diameter) with reticular ornamentation. The infection rate of Nomuraea cylindrospora was 16.7%, and greenish long (av. 21.4×4.3 μm) and short (av. 4.6×2.7μm) conidia were formed on phialide in chains. M. boninensis is recognized as a new host species for these fungi. The genus Massospora has not been recorded in Japan since 1946.

著者

Jiichiro Yoshimoto Takayoshi Nishida

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.403-410, 2007 (Released:2007-09-20)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

12 13

---

Sap often exudes from the trunks of the oak, Quercus acutissima. Carpenterworms (Lepidoptera, Cossidae) are frequently observed at these sap sites and believed to be involved in exudation. Field observations from 2002 to 2004 showed that 20–40% of all patches (exuding spots on trees) harbored these insects and that roughly 20% of all patches had only their nests. The peak period of carpenterworm abundance corresponded to the peak number of patches harboring them in all 3 years (August 2002, September 2003, and July 2004). Patches with carpenterworms or their nests had a wider surface area and exuded more sap than patches without them or their nests. Moreover, their experimental removal resulted in decreased exudate quantity, indicating that these insects promote exudation. These results suggest that carpenterworms contribute greatly to sap exudation through wood boring and that their distribution and abundance affect sap resources.

著者

Taro Shiokawa Osamu Iwahashi

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.487-494, 2000 (Released:2002-10-31)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

17 17

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The dimorphism of weapon size in a stag beetle, Prosopocoilus dissimilis okinawanus Nomura was examined. The relationship between weapon size and body size became curvilinear when head length was included as a part of body size. However, when it was used as a part of weapon size a sigmoid relationship was obtained. Males could not be separated into two groups when nine traits were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). However, when the angle of the mandible (AN) was used in addition to the nine traits, males could be separated into two distinct groups (i.e. S and L types). When the size of each of the nine traits was plotted against the AN, males of the S type could be separated into two sub-groups in all combinations (i.e. S1 and S2 groups). The relationship between body size and weapon size showed that weapon size increased with body size in a quadratic manner in the S type, whereas it increased in a diminishing quadratic manner with body size in the L type. The difference in the relationship between weapon size and body size in the S and L types is discussed in relation to their combat behaviors.

著者

Kensuke Okada Takahisa Miyatake

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.411-417, 2007 (Released:2007-09-20)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

5 6

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Librodor japonicus (Motschulsky) is distributed throughout the satoyama forests in Japan, and inhabits the saps of oak trees all its life. Although the beetle is a potential indicator of bio-resource abundance in the satoyama forests, the life history traits and seasonal abundance have not been studied. In this study, first, the seasonal abundance of L. japonicus was investigated using banana bait traps in Okayama City in 2002. Two peaks of abundance were found: a large peak from April to June and a small peak from August to September. The beetles oviposited on banana slices, and a successful artificial rearing method was established using only banana slices and leaf mold. The effect of temperature on the survival rate, adult size and developmental period was examined at different temperatures. The survival rate and the adult size tended to be greater at 25°C than at other temperatures. The thermal thresholds and thermal constants calculated from egg to adult development were 5.6 and 5.9°C and 1,010.9 and 1,022.0 degree-days for females and males, respectively. On the basis of these developmental parameters and the seasonal abundance of L. japonicus, the number of generations per year in Okayama, Japan, was estimated to be one.

著者

Nahoko Sota Naoki Motoyama Kenji Fujisaki Fusao Nakasuji

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.435-440, 1998-08-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

28 31

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The possibility that insecticide hormoligosis might be amplified by resistance in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, was tested. The fecundity of females treated with sublethal doses (LD12.5 LD25 and LD50) of fenvalerate or methomyl in the non-selected generation increased in comparison with the control group treated with acetone. The number of eggs laid by treated females in the 10th generation of the fenvalerate-selected strain, which had developed about 10, 000-fold resistance, was the same or smaller than that of the control. On the other hand, fecundity in the 8th generation of the methomyl-selected strain, which had about 4.9-fold resistance, was slightly higher in the LD12.5 and LD25 than that of control. The intensity of insecticide hormoligosis did not depend on the dose of the insecticide although a sublethal dose of the insecticides stimulated reproduction in the susceptible DBM. Furthermore, the hormoligosis was not amplified in concert with the development of resistance in the DBM.

著者

Hiroshi Enomoto Tatsuaki Ishida Akito Hamagami Ritsuo Nishida

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.551-556, 2010-11-25 (Released:2010-11-30)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

9 11

---

A series of 3-oxygenated derivatives of α-ionone and α-ionol have been characterized as highly specific male lures for the solanaceous fruit fly Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel). In order to optimize the activity, we tested several analogous compounds derived from the three known attractants, 3-oxo-α-ionone, 3-oxo-α-ionol, and 3-hydroxy-α-ionone. 3-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionone and 3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionol were found to be potent attractants as well as feeding stimulants for the males in an indoor bioassay. While trans-3-hydroxy-α-ionone showed moderate attractant and feeding stimulant activity, the corresponding cis-isomer was weakly active, indicating the importance of the stereochemistry at the C-3 position. Synthetic trans-3-acetoxy-α-ionone exhibited lower activity than the corresponding 3-hydroxy derivative. B. latifrons males fed actively on 3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionone, transformed it to 3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionol, and sequestered this compound in a substantial quantity in the rectal glands. Males that fed on 3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionol incorporated the compound mostly unchanged in the rectal gland. In both cases, the rectal content was approximately 1 μg/gland at 6 h post-feeding on the chemicals, respectively. Selective accumulation of these 3-oxygenated α-ionone/α-ionol analogs suggests their possible role as a male sex pheromone.

著者

Kimito FURUTA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.313-324, 1977-12-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 5

---

Hunting spiders Oxyopes selatus and O. bodius are common in young pine plantations.The number of 3rd-instar larvae of Lymantria dispar captured by a spider was affected by the hunger of predator and the number of prey, but not exceeded three in 10 days. In a pine plantation, one spider killed less than one 3rd-instar larvae of L. dispar. No aggregation to prey densities was observed. The number of spiders in pine plantations was seemingly determined through dispersal, predation by natural enemies and other factors, and it was not sufficiently large to cause high mortality in macrolepidopterous caterpillars. The role of the spiders in determing the density of the caterpillars was considered as follows. (1)Mortality caused by the predation was negligibly small and inversely density-dependent.(2) Though, when small number of caterpillars was there on a tree, it would be exterminated on the tree. (3) And as the result, the distribution pattern of the caterpillars seemed to become contagious. (4) The spiders, however, could not control the local occurrence of the caterpillars

著者

德丸 晋 林田 吉王

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.13-21, 2010

被引用文献数

1 16

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タバココナジラミ・バイオタイプQの3齢幼虫では42種類、卵および成虫では40種類の薬剤感受性を調べた。その結果、薬剤感受性は、タバココナジラミ・バイオタイプQの発育段階および薬剤の種類により異なった。タバココナジラミ・バイオタイプQの3齢幼虫に対して殺虫効果が高かった薬剤はフェンピロキシメート・ブプロフェジン水和剤、フェンピロキシメート水利剤、ミルベメクチン乳剤、ピリダベン水和剤、レピメクチン乳剤、スピネトラム水和剤およびスピノサド水和剤であり、ミルベメクチン乳剤、ピリダベン水和剤、レピメクチン乳剤、スピネトラム水和剤およびスピノサド水和剤のLC50値は、それぞれ0.98、1.59、0.08、0.04および0.91ppmであった。タバココナジラミ・バイオタイプQの雌成虫に対して殺虫効果が高かった薬剤は、ピリミホスメチル、チオシクラム水和剤、ピリダベン水和剤およびスピネトラム水和剤であった。また、各種薬剤を処理したキャベツ葉におけるタバココナジラミ・バイオタイプQ雌成虫による産卵数が少なかった薬剤はカルタップSG水溶剤、チオシクラム水和剤、ジノテフラン水溶剤、ニテンピラム水溶剤、ピリフルキナゾン水和剤およびスピネトラム水和剤であった。タバココナジラミ・バイオタイプQの卵に対して殺卵効果が高かった殺虫剤はピリダベン水和剤のみであった。

著者

Takahiko Mizuno Hisashi Kajimura

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.363-370, 2009-08-25 (Released:2009-12-16)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

16 16

---

To develop a better system for rearing ambrosia beetles, we tested semi-artificial diets with different ingredients and structures. For the rearing of Xyleborus pfeili (Ratzeburg), we prepared diets composed of Douglas-fir sawdust, potato starch, dried yeast, sugar, and distilled water. The addition of antibiotics (streptomycin and penicillin) to a diet with a single-layer structure did not inhibit fungal contamination, and resulted in fewer X. pfeili offspring. Diets containing neither the starch nor the yeast effectively prevented fungal contamination, but did not produce offspring. A diet with a two-layer structure, in which different diets were placed in the lower layer (all ingredients) and the upper layer (sawdust, sugar, and water) in a glass tube, greatly increased the reproductive success of X. pfeili. The length of the gallery system, the number of offspring, their sex ratio, and the timing of gallery boring and oviposition by mother beetles on the two-layer structure were not significantly different from those on a three-layer structure used in previous research that also contained a thin layer of Douglas-fir resin. Thus, the diet with a two-layer structure appears to be a useful and simpler method for rearing ambrosia beetles.

著者

Yoshihisa ABE

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.83-89, 1995-02-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

16 12

---

Gall parasitism by moth larvae of unisexual galls produced by Trichagalma serratae (ASHMEAD) in Nose, Osaka, Japan was surveyed by dissection of galls. Larvae or pupae of Andrioplecta pulverula (MEYRICK) and Characoma ruficirra (HAMPSON) were found in the galls. The two moth species did not significantly affect the survival of T. serratae on seven of the eight trees examined. Overall, attack by Megastigmus habui KAMIJO was the most important mortaliy factor for the gall wasp after gall initiation. Larval feeding habits of the two moth species were examined under laboratory conditions. A. pulverula larvae were able to feed on Q. acutissima leaves, but preferred unisexual galls of T. serratae. Some of the A. pulverula larvae boring into the galls fed on the larval cells and their inhabitants. The moth is therefore usually a cecidophage, but often becomes a predator of the gall wasp. Like A. pulverula, C. ruficirra larvae were able to feed on Q. acutissima leaves, but preferred T. serratae galls. However, the C. ruficirra larvae boring into the galls did not attack the larval cells, though they could feed on T. serratae larvae that had been artificially exposed. Thus, the larval cell wall of T. serratae functions as a barrier against C. ruficirra larvae. This moth is regarded as a commensal of T. serratae.

著者

Haruko Yoshie Yoichi Yusa

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.4, pp.475-482, 2008-11-25 (Released:2008-11-30)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

21 23

---

We studied the predatory potential of the turtle Chinemys reevesii on the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata using two series of experiments. First, we investigated the relationship between turtle body size and the maximum size of snails consumed over a period of 3 days within 0.37 m2 containers. The maximum snail size consumed was positively related with turtle size. Secondly, we investigated the predation of snails by turtles over a period of 8 weeks. We released 200 snails (10–30 mm shell height) and an adult turtle (155–183 mm carapace length) into each of two 2.08 m2 plots with soil and rice plants. Subsequently, snail density was monitored every week and 200 snails were added to low density plots up to twice a week. Two control plots with the same initial density of snails but without turtles were also monitored. The density and survival rate of snails were lower in plots with a turtle than in control plots. We estimated that a single turtle consumed >2,000 snails in 8 weeks. In addition, the biomass of duckweed (given as food for snails) was greater in turtle plots than in control plots, suggesting that the presence of turtles had an indirect effect on weed.

著者

Bing Chen Le Kang

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.3, pp.437-446, 2005 (Released:2005-11-25)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

25 24

---

This study investigated the cold tolerance of a laboratory-reared population and latitude-separated populations of the leafminer Liriomyza sativae in China in terms of low-temperature survival rate and supercooling capacity. Pupae of the laboratory-reared population are susceptible to freezing temperatures. The supercooling point of the pupae varied at a maximum of up to 10°C among the geographic populations. Both acclimation of the pupae at 5 and 10°C significantly increased the cold survival rate of laboratory-reared and field-collected populations. But the field population had a more active response to the same acclimation regime. Combining the experimental data with previous field investigations, the −2°C isotherm of the minimum mean temperature of January was proposed as the leafminer's over-wintering range limit. Meanwhile, with the widespread availability of greenhouses as a source of re-infestation in northern China, the leafminer's natural border of distribution should be determined by the minimum temperature in warm seasons. Our results suggest that biologically similar Liriomyza species may cope with the intensifying cold stress along the latitude by adopting a mixed cold-tolerance strategy, which is closely associated with the greenhouse microhabitats. The physiologically based modeling of the over-wintering limit provides a tool for guiding the management for greenhouse pests and predicting the source of pest infestation.

著者

Atsushi Mochizuki Takayuki Mitsunaga

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.217-219, 2004 (Released:2004-08-25)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

13 13

---

As a part of a risk assessment of the non-target effect of the introduced green lacewing on native ecosystem, we performed a laboratory experiment to characterize the symmetry of the interspecific predation between the introduced green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea and the native sibling species, C. nipponensis among different stages. The elder and larger larvae always ate the younger and smaller individuals, regardless of species. When the same instar and similar sized larvae were paired, almost equal predation rates between the two species was observed. Our results suggest that size was the most important factor to determine the symmetry of the interspecific predation between C. carnea and C. nipponensis. Populations of C. nipponensis will not be decreased by interspecific predation with C. carnea without extreme mass releases of C. carnea in a small arena.

著者

Seiichi MORIYA Kouichi INOUE Akio OTAKE Masakazu SHIGA Masato MABUCHI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.231-233, 1989-05-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

41 47

著者

Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow Carsten H. G. Müller Magnus Lindström

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.117-122, 2006 (Released:2006-04-10)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

6 8

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In order to solve the long-standing problem as to whether the eyes of Scutigera coleoptrata were functional and responded to flashes of light, we carried out electrophysiological recordings from them with glass electrodes pushed into the eye's retina. The electroretinograms were typical cornea-negative responses, similar in shape and duration to those seen in other arthropods, including those with cryptic lifestyles. We located two sensitivity peaks: one in the vicinity to light of 448 nm wavelength and a second 0.25–0.5 log unit lower one in the ultraviolet region (UV) of the spectrum around 350 nm and we expect at least two kinds of visual pigments to be present. We can only speculate on the surprisingly well-developed UV-sensitivity and suggest that it could serve the animal as an alarm colour to avoid open, illuminated spaces or to detect exits from concealed hiding places in soil crevices and from under boulders.

著者

Xue Dong Chen Fusao Nakasuji

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.335-341, 2004 (Released:2004-08-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

15 16

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Two populations (Replications 1 and 2) were selected for 8 generations with fenvalerate at a LD50 dose to compare the biotic performances and fitness of resistant and susceptible strains of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella. The LD50 value rose gradually from 1.4×10−3 μg/larva to 6.7×10−2 μg/larva in Replication 1 and to 4.9×10−2 μg/larva in Replication 2. The resistance ratio was thus 67-fold and 49-fold respectively. The eggs of the selected strain were significantly smaller than those of the non-selected strain within 2 or 3 generations, then became stabilized in Replication 1 and fluctuated in Replication 2 at 1.20×10−2 mm3. The size of the non-selected strain fluctuated around 1.35×10−2 mm3 in both replications. To investigate the genetic changes in biotic performances of DBM in the selected strain, offspring of the selected and non-selected strains were individually reared at every other generation. The survival rate of immature stages, developmental period, pupal weight, adult longevity, fecundity of females and size of eggs laid by females were compared between the two strains. The survival rate of the selected strain was significantly lower than that of the non-selected strain in the 2nd generation. The survival rate of the selected strain also tended to be lower in the other generation. The fecundity of females of the selected strain tended to be higher than in the non-selected strain. The eggs of the selected strain were significantly smaller than those of the non-selected strain in all generations. The development period, pupal weight and longevity of adults did not significantly differ between the two strains in any generation. These results suggest that successive selection with fenvalerate at a sublethal LD50 dose yielded a fitness disadvantage in the DBM population.

著者

Yuki Fujiwara Tomoko Takahashi Toshie Yoshioka Fusao Nakasuji

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.103-109, 2002 (Released:2003-04-25)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

49 60

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Fecundity and egg size were compared in adult of the females adult diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) treated and untreated with sublethal doses of fenvalerate in order to understand the physiological significance of insecticidal hormoligosis. The 4th stadium larvae were treated with fenvalerate at LD25 or LD50. More eggs were laid by treated females at LD25 than untreated females, although the difference was only marginally significant (p=0.07). However, the eggs laid by treated females at LD25 and LD50 were significantly smaller in size than those laid by the control. The reproductive effort (fecundity×egg size) did not differ between treated females and the control. The treatment of a sublethal dose (LD50) against the parent affected the development and survival of offspring at immature stages of males. The hatchability of smaller eggs laid by treated females at LD25 tended to be lower than those of controls under different humidity conditions, and the difference was apparent at a humidity of 29%. The survival rate of the offspring at immature stages was lower in the treatment group (LD25) than in the control group, and development tended to be prolonged in the former group at temperatures higher than 20°C.

著者

Masachika HIRANO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY

雑誌

Applied Entomology and Zoology (ISSN:00036862)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.4, pp.404-409, 1979-11-25 (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

21 24

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Posttreantment temperature effects on the toxicity of fenvalerate (α-cyano-3-ohenoxy-benzyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-isovalerate) and othe insecticides were assessed. Fenvalerate, pyrethrins and DDT were from 2.5 to 7.3 time more toxic to Spodoptera litura larvae at 15°C than at 25°C by topical application method and foliar dipping method. As for salithion and methomyl LD50 values by topical application method were not affected by the posttreatment temperature, but the insecticidal activities by foliar dipping method showed a positive temperature coefficient. Fenvalerate, pyrethrins and DDT also showed a negative temperature coefficient of paralysing effect against S. litura, knockdown activity against Laodelphax striatellus and lethal activity against Plutella xylostella.