著者

日高 敏隆 米川 誠

出版者

日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.27-31, 1959-01

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In full-grown larvae (50mm or a little more in body length) of Malacosoma neustria testacea Motschulsky, extirpation of either the prothoracic or the mesothoracic ganglion results in a marked distension of the body within about 24 hours. The body becomes fully stretched, attaining about 70mm in length. The larvae become almost unable to move, except that they show a continuous biting and swallowing movement of mouth-parts. The alimentary canal is filled with air thus swallowed. When punctured by needle, the air escapes from the alimentary canal and the body immediately becomes reduced in size (see Figs. 1 and 2). After removal of the subesophageal ganglion or of the brain, the mouth-parts become immobile. In these larvae, extirpation of the prothoracic ganglion no longer causes the distension of the body. If the mouth and anus are closed with paraffin immediately after removal of the prothoracic ganglion, no distension of body can be observed. It is obvious, therefore, that the body distension following removal of the prothoracic ganglion is largely attributable to an abnormal intake of excess amount of air into the alimentary canal. Extirpation of the prothoracic ganglion appears to bring about a failure of a proprioceptic inhibitory mechanism. In younger larvae, mature larvae or prepupae no distension of body takes place after removal of the prothoracic ganglion. In the silkworm (Bombyx mori, L., J-122×C-115) deprived of the prothoracic ganglion, the distension is very slight.

著者

下泉 重吉

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.2, 1957-03-15

著者

東京動物學會

出版者

東京動物學會

巻号頁・発行日

1888

著者

山本 伊津子 日高 敏隆

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.4, 1981-12-25

著者

N. M.

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, 1888-11-15

著者

有馬 四郎

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.9, pp.275-277, 1952-09-15

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The composition of urine of Rhacophorus schlegelii var. arborea and Rana nigromaculata taken from the bladder was qualitatively analysed, in order to compare with that of the fluid in the peri-vitelline space of the early empryos of Rhacophorus schlegelii var. arborea. RICHARD, BORDLEY, WALLKER and HEUDRIX ('33) verified the existence of uric acid, phosphate, creatinine and chlorine, but not the other organic and inorganic constituents in the urine of Rana pipiens. The present study of analysing the urine of Rana nigromaculata reveals the presence of sodium-ion, chlorine-ion, potassium-ion, phosphate-ion, sulphate-ion, calcium-ion and ammonium-ion, and besides them, nitrate-ion and nitrite-ion in the case of Rhacophorus-urine as the inorganic constituents. As the organic substances, the urine of the two species contains uric acid and urea, but not any trace of creatinine so far as the WEYL reaction is consulted. The urine of Rana nigromaculata in summer months contains uric acid and urea in higher concentration than in winter months. On the basis of the present analysis the chief end-product of the protein metabolism of Amphibia seems to be urea, since the uric acid is contained in much low concentration in the urine of Amphibia.

出版者

東京動物學會

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 佐藤 信吉 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.7, pp.187-193, 1963-07-15

被引用文献数

6

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The authors investigated the seasonal differences of sex ratio, body weight, percentage of pregnant female and testicle size in two species of the field mice, Apodemus argenteus and Clethrionomys andersoni, collected from April, 1962 to March, 1963, in the subalpine forestzone (Tsuga diversifolia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,800-2,400m) on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. Toral number of collected specimens was 308 Apodemus ar genteus and 616 Clethrionomys andersoni. 1) The number of males was larger than that of females in all months except August in Clethrionomys andersoni (♀ 56.7%), and July in Apodemus argenteus (♀ 54.6%), during the height of the breeding season (Fig. 1). 2) From the histograms of the body weight, the following tendencies were noted. Young mice appeared from July to October in Clethrionomys andersoni, and from June to September in Apodemus argenteus. Old adults disappeared from November to March in Clethrionomys andersoni, and from August in Apodemus argenteus. In both species, the developmental period of body weight generally coincided with the spring breeding season (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). The life span of these species was supposed at about 1 year. 3) The maximum monthly pregnancy rate was attained in June in both species (Fig. 4). The yearly average embryo size was 3.3 in Clethrionomys andersoni and 3.9 in Apodemys argenteus. 4) The monthly average testicle sizes were about 10 mm. from April to July in both species. But they were about 4 mm. from October to March (Fig. 5).

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.7, pp.189-195, 1964-07-15

被引用文献数

2

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The present paper deals with the distribution and breeding season of Smith's red-backed vole (Eothenomys smithi) in the subalpine forest zone (Tsuga diversiforia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,300-2,400m)on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu, Japan. By using snap traps, a survey was made every August in 1957, 1959, 1960 and 1961, and every month from April 1962 to March 1964. 1. In the subalpine forest zone, Anderson's red-backed vole (Clethrionomys adersoni) and the wood mouse (Apodemus argenteus) were the most abundant species. E. smithi is distributed widely in this area, but the population density was in general low, although in some localities it was high, as in areas with haevy undergrowth. E. smithi occurred with Clethrionomys andersoni and there was not observable habitat segregation between them. 2. The average tail length and hind foot length was 43.09mm and 16.32mm, respectively. 3. Pregnant females were found from May to October, and the maximum monthly pregnancy rate was attained in July. The yearly average number of embryoes was 2.3. Out of 32 females examined, 6(18.7%)had three pairs of mammae and 26 (81.3%) had two pairs of mammae. The monthly average testicle sizes increased quickly in spring and attained a maximum in June, after which their size was quickly reduced. 4. It is known that E. smithi occurs in forested regions on Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan, but recently Imaizumi (1957) distinguished a new variety E. smithi occurring in the northern part of Honshu (including Mt. yatsugatake) from those in the southern part of Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, and he named the former E. kageus. He suggested that E. kageus has two pairs of mammae and that E. smithi has three pairs. The present results, however, show that the color, body measurements and habitat of E. kageus are very close to those of E. smithi, and further that the specimens having both types of mammae are found in the same area on Mt. yatsugatake. Thus the difference in the number of mammae betwwn E. kageus and E. smithi may be due only to individual variation.

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 佐藤 信吉 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.133-138, 1963-05

被引用文献数

4

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From April, 1962 to March, 1963, the authors collected small mammals (Rodentia and Insectivora) monthly by snap traps in the subalpine forest zone (Tsugadiversiforia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,300-2,400m) on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. Total number of captured mice and voles was 961 with the following proportional breakdown: Rattus rattus 1, Apodemus speciosus 14, Apodemus argenteus 308, Clethrionomys andersoni 616, Anteliomys smithii 20, Microtus montebelli 2. The number of moles and shrews taken was 231 with the following breakdown: Euroscaptor mizura 1, Urotrichus talpoides hondonis 18, Dymecodon pilirostris 151, and Sorex shinto shinto 61. Rattus rattus and Microtus montebelli were found in this area. Apodemus speciosus and Urotrichus talpoides hondonis were only found in the lower part of this grassy area. On the other hand, Apodemus argenteus, Clethrionomys andersoni, Anteliomys smithii, Dymecodon pilirostris, Sorex shinto shinto were widely found in this forest zone. It was noted that the largest number of Apodemus argenteus appeared in spring, but the peak of Clethrionomys andersoni was seen from autumn to winter (Fig. 2). The average embryo sizes of each species were as follows: Apodemus speciosus 5.7, Apodemus argenteus 3.9, Clethrionomys andersoni 3.3, Anteliomys smithii 3.5, Microtus montebelli 3.0, Urotrichus talpoides hondonis 4.5, Dymecodon pilirostris 3.5, Sorex shinto shinto 3.7. The highest capture rate (number of captured small mammals/no. of set traps) occurred in October and the lowest rate in February. They reflect the effect of the population density and the snow fall, etc.

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男 花村 肇

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.76-81, 1965-03-15

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The authors certified that five species of insectivora inhabit the subalpine forest zone (alt. 1,800-2,400m) of Mt. Yatsugatake. They are Euroscaptor mizura, Urotrichus talpoides, Dymecodon pilirostris, Sorex shinto and Chimarrogale platycephala. From April, 1962 to March, 1964, the authors collected small mammals monthly by snap traps in the subalpine forest zone on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. The total number of captured mice and voles was 1,577. The number of moles and shrews taken was 387 with the following breakdown: Urotrichus talpoides 25, Dymecodon pilirostris 257, Sorex shinto 105. It was noted that larger number of Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto appeared in June and in winter. Pregnant females were found in May (2 specimens) in Urotrichus talpoides, in May (3) and July (3) in Dymecodon pilirostris, in May (2) and June (5) in Sorex shinto. The average embryo sizes of each species were as follows: Urotrichus talpoides 4.5, Dymecodon pilirostris 3.7, Sorex shinto 3.8. Mammal formula of each species examined are shown in Table 3. The monthly average testicle sizes advance rapidly to the maximum after winter in Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto, but after which their size are quickly reduced. In Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto, from the frequency distribution table of body weight, the following tendencies are noted: wintered animals grow repidly and reach maturity from April to July. But breeding ceases in August mainly because the parent generation is rapidly dying off by October, completely so by November. Young come into the populations from August onwards, predominating from August and overwinter without coming into breeding conditions. The life span of these species is supposed to be about 1-1.5 years.

著者

阿部 余四男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.447, pp.16-17, 1926-01-15

著者

久保田 一男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.280, pp.97-98, 1912-03-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.11, 1964-12-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男 大石 康弘 小穴 広光 西野 武久 山下 幹夫 柳平 坦徳

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.11, 1963-12-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 花村 肇 佐々木 泉 藤田 善和 大賀 将夫

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.11, 1964-12-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 花村 肇 佐々木 泉 藤田 善和 大賀 将夫

出版者

日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.8, pp.227-235, 1966-08

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A supplemental tubercle is often seen on the mesiobuccal part of the lamina on the lower molar of Rattus. We call this the mesiobuccal tubercle to distinguish it from the others. The main aim of this paper is to report on regional differences in its frequency of appearance on the mesiobuccal tubercle and to report on various supplemental tubercles on the lower molar of Rattus norvegicus. I. Regional difference: We have examined the regional difference of frequency of the appearance of the mesiobuccal tubercle in Rattus norvegicus, which were collected in the following four districts; Matsumoto City, Shiga Heights in Nagano Prefecture, Nagoya City and Fukuoka City. The most noticeable difference is found on the second lamina of the second molar. A quite significant difference is that the rate of frequency appearance on the right molar in Nagoya is 66.7%, which is far lower than the others; in Shiga Heights it is 91.7%, in Matsumoto City 95.1%, and in Fukuoka City 92.6%. On the second lamina of the third molar we recognize a regional difference, and especially the rate on the right molar in Nagoya, as well as that of the second lamina of the second molar, is much lower than the rate in the other three districts. II. Various supplemental tubercles which appear on the lower molar are as follows: 1) The supplemental tubercles found on the lingual surface between the first and the second lamina of the second molar. 2) The tubercle found on the distal surface of second lamina of the third molar. This tubercle is homologous to the posterior heel of the first and second molar and seems to be its remnant. 3) The tubercle found on the distobuccal of the first lamina of the first molar.

著者

佐々木 忠次郎

雑誌

動物学雑誌 = Doubutsugaku zasshi (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.490・491, 1929-09-15

著者

木場 一夫

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.13-21, 1938-01-15

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The present paper deals with the morphological peculiarities and the habitats Branchinella kugenumaensis (C. ISHIKAWA) found in Manchoukuo. 1. The occurrence of this species in Manchoukuo has been known from Mukden, Anzan and Kaizyo. 2. It is found always in astatic waters which are as warm as 29°-34℃ in summer and are neutral or often remarkably alkaline (pH 7.0-8.5). 3. The time of its first appearancein Mukden has yet been ascertained, but it entirely disappears in the latter half of September. 4. The morphological peculiarities and the coloration in life in the Manchurian forms are given in detail. 5. The total length of the body attains 35mm in the largest female specimen collected in Mukden in September. Such a large specimen has never been recorded in any other localities. 6. The number of eggs in the ovisac was from 336 to 915 in the three matured females collected in Mukden.

著者

大島 廣

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.536, pp.294-297, 1933-06-15