著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 佐藤 信吉 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.7, pp.187-193, 1963-07-15

被引用文献数

6

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The authors investigated the seasonal differences of sex ratio, body weight, percentage of pregnant female and testicle size in two species of the field mice, Apodemus argenteus and Clethrionomys andersoni, collected from April, 1962 to March, 1963, in the subalpine forestzone (Tsuga diversifolia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,800-2,400m) on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. Toral number of collected specimens was 308 Apodemus ar genteus and 616 Clethrionomys andersoni. 1) The number of males was larger than that of females in all months except August in Clethrionomys andersoni (♀ 56.7%), and July in Apodemus argenteus (♀ 54.6%), during the height of the breeding season (Fig. 1). 2) From the histograms of the body weight, the following tendencies were noted. Young mice appeared from July to October in Clethrionomys andersoni, and from June to September in Apodemus argenteus. Old adults disappeared from November to March in Clethrionomys andersoni, and from August in Apodemus argenteus. In both species, the developmental period of body weight generally coincided with the spring breeding season (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). The life span of these species was supposed at about 1 year. 3) The maximum monthly pregnancy rate was attained in June in both species (Fig. 4). The yearly average embryo size was 3.3 in Clethrionomys andersoni and 3.9 in Apodemys argenteus. 4) The monthly average testicle sizes were about 10 mm. from April to July in both species. But they were about 4 mm. from October to March (Fig. 5).

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.7, pp.189-195, 1964-07-15

被引用文献数

2

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The present paper deals with the distribution and breeding season of Smith's red-backed vole (Eothenomys smithi) in the subalpine forest zone (Tsuga diversiforia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,300-2,400m)on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu, Japan. By using snap traps, a survey was made every August in 1957, 1959, 1960 and 1961, and every month from April 1962 to March 1964. 1. In the subalpine forest zone, Anderson's red-backed vole (Clethrionomys adersoni) and the wood mouse (Apodemus argenteus) were the most abundant species. E. smithi is distributed widely in this area, but the population density was in general low, although in some localities it was high, as in areas with haevy undergrowth. E. smithi occurred with Clethrionomys andersoni and there was not observable habitat segregation between them. 2. The average tail length and hind foot length was 43.09mm and 16.32mm, respectively. 3. Pregnant females were found from May to October, and the maximum monthly pregnancy rate was attained in July. The yearly average number of embryoes was 2.3. Out of 32 females examined, 6(18.7%)had three pairs of mammae and 26 (81.3%) had two pairs of mammae. The monthly average testicle sizes increased quickly in spring and attained a maximum in June, after which their size was quickly reduced. 4. It is known that E. smithi occurs in forested regions on Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan, but recently Imaizumi (1957) distinguished a new variety E. smithi occurring in the northern part of Honshu (including Mt. yatsugatake) from those in the southern part of Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, and he named the former E. kageus. He suggested that E. kageus has two pairs of mammae and that E. smithi has three pairs. The present results, however, show that the color, body measurements and habitat of E. kageus are very close to those of E. smithi, and further that the specimens having both types of mammae are found in the same area on Mt. yatsugatake. Thus the difference in the number of mammae betwwn E. kageus and E. smithi may be due only to individual variation.

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 佐藤 信吉 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.133-138, 1963-05

被引用文献数

4

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From April, 1962 to March, 1963, the authors collected small mammals (Rodentia and Insectivora) monthly by snap traps in the subalpine forest zone (Tsugadiversiforia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,300-2,400m) on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. Total number of captured mice and voles was 961 with the following proportional breakdown: Rattus rattus 1, Apodemus speciosus 14, Apodemus argenteus 308, Clethrionomys andersoni 616, Anteliomys smithii 20, Microtus montebelli 2. The number of moles and shrews taken was 231 with the following breakdown: Euroscaptor mizura 1, Urotrichus talpoides hondonis 18, Dymecodon pilirostris 151, and Sorex shinto shinto 61. Rattus rattus and Microtus montebelli were found in this area. Apodemus speciosus and Urotrichus talpoides hondonis were only found in the lower part of this grassy area. On the other hand, Apodemus argenteus, Clethrionomys andersoni, Anteliomys smithii, Dymecodon pilirostris, Sorex shinto shinto were widely found in this forest zone. It was noted that the largest number of Apodemus argenteus appeared in spring, but the peak of Clethrionomys andersoni was seen from autumn to winter (Fig. 2). The average embryo sizes of each species were as follows: Apodemus speciosus 5.7, Apodemus argenteus 3.9, Clethrionomys andersoni 3.3, Anteliomys smithii 3.5, Microtus montebelli 3.0, Urotrichus talpoides hondonis 4.5, Dymecodon pilirostris 3.5, Sorex shinto shinto 3.7. The highest capture rate (number of captured small mammals/no. of set traps) occurred in October and the lowest rate in February. They reflect the effect of the population density and the snow fall, etc.

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男 花村 肇

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.76-81, 1965-03-15

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The authors certified that five species of insectivora inhabit the subalpine forest zone (alt. 1,800-2,400m) of Mt. Yatsugatake. They are Euroscaptor mizura, Urotrichus talpoides, Dymecodon pilirostris, Sorex shinto and Chimarrogale platycephala. From April, 1962 to March, 1964, the authors collected small mammals monthly by snap traps in the subalpine forest zone on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. The total number of captured mice and voles was 1,577. The number of moles and shrews taken was 387 with the following breakdown: Urotrichus talpoides 25, Dymecodon pilirostris 257, Sorex shinto 105. It was noted that larger number of Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto appeared in June and in winter. Pregnant females were found in May (2 specimens) in Urotrichus talpoides, in May (3) and July (3) in Dymecodon pilirostris, in May (2) and June (5) in Sorex shinto. The average embryo sizes of each species were as follows: Urotrichus talpoides 4.5, Dymecodon pilirostris 3.7, Sorex shinto 3.8. Mammal formula of each species examined are shown in Table 3. The monthly average testicle sizes advance rapidly to the maximum after winter in Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto, but after which their size are quickly reduced. In Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto, from the frequency distribution table of body weight, the following tendencies are noted: wintered animals grow repidly and reach maturity from April to July. But breeding ceases in August mainly because the parent generation is rapidly dying off by October, completely so by November. Young come into the populations from August onwards, predominating from August and overwinter without coming into breeding conditions. The life span of these species is supposed to be about 1-1.5 years.

著者

原田 正史 浜田 俊 子安 和弘 宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

東京動物學會

雑誌

動物学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.4, 1983

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.11, 1964-12-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男 大石 康弘 小穴 広光 西野 武久 山下 幹夫 柳平 坦徳

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.11, 1963-12-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 花村 肇 佐々木 泉 藤田 善和 大賀 将夫

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.11, 1964-12-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 花村 肇 佐々木 泉 藤田 善和 大賀 将夫

出版者

日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.8, pp.227-235, 1966-08

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A supplemental tubercle is often seen on the mesiobuccal part of the lamina on the lower molar of Rattus. We call this the mesiobuccal tubercle to distinguish it from the others. The main aim of this paper is to report on regional differences in its frequency of appearance on the mesiobuccal tubercle and to report on various supplemental tubercles on the lower molar of Rattus norvegicus. I. Regional difference: We have examined the regional difference of frequency of the appearance of the mesiobuccal tubercle in Rattus norvegicus, which were collected in the following four districts; Matsumoto City, Shiga Heights in Nagano Prefecture, Nagoya City and Fukuoka City. The most noticeable difference is found on the second lamina of the second molar. A quite significant difference is that the rate of frequency appearance on the right molar in Nagoya is 66.7%, which is far lower than the others; in Shiga Heights it is 91.7%, in Matsumoto City 95.1%, and in Fukuoka City 92.6%. On the second lamina of the third molar we recognize a regional difference, and especially the rate on the right molar in Nagoya, as well as that of the second lamina of the second molar, is much lower than the rate in the other three districts. II. Various supplemental tubercles which appear on the lower molar are as follows: 1) The supplemental tubercles found on the lingual surface between the first and the second lamina of the second molar. 2) The tubercle found on the distal surface of second lamina of the third molar. This tubercle is homologous to the posterior heel of the first and second molar and seems to be its remnant. 3) The tubercle found on the distobuccal of the first lamina of the first molar.

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.11, 1963-12-15

著者

鈴木 茂忠 宮尾 嶽雄 西沢 寿晃 志田 義治 高田 靖司

出版者

信州大学農学部

雑誌

信州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:05830621)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.p61-91, 1975-12

被引用文献数

2

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The Kiso-Komagatake is one of the main mountains in Kiso Mountain Range, which rises nearly on the middle of Japan main land, that is, on the western side of the Ina Basin in Nagano Prefecture, forming the watershed between the Rivers Kiso and Tenryu. The highest summit is as high as 2,956m above the sea level. One can in a while attain the height of 2,500m above the sea level from the City Komagane (600m high) by means of bus and then ropeway and many tourists visit the mountain throughout the year. This, together with extensive amount of wood cutting, has contributed to the rapid deterioration of the nature. As for the botanical distribution of the mountain, Pinus pumila is predominant in the alpine zone, higher than 2,500m above the sea level, Abies mariesii and Tsuga diversifolia in the sub-alpine zone, 1,500-2,500m high, and Quercus crispula in the lower zone, lower than 1,500m. Cultivated lands and village can be found in the zone lower than 900m above the sea level. The natural flora is confined to the subalpine zone and the lower zone is mostly occupied by the secondary forest, mainly consisted of Larix kaempferi. To obtain the general distribution of small mammals on eastern slope of the Kiso-Komagatake, the authors have carried out the collection and survey since June 1974. The results are as follows : 1) The collection was made with snap traps at 6 places of different height, ranging 950-2,640m above the sea level on the eastern slope, and the following species were obtained : Insectivora Sorex shinto alt. 1,500-2,640m Crocidura dsinezumi alt. 1,200m Dymecodon pilirostris alt. 1,300-1,700m Urotrichus talpoides alt. below 1,300m Rodentia Glirulus japonicus alt, 1,700m and 1,300m Clethrionomys andersoni alt. 1,300-2,640m Eothenomys kageus alt. 1,200-1,500m Microtus montebelli alt, below 1,200m Apodemus speciosus alt. 950-1,500m Apodemus argenteus alt. 950-2,640m Rattus norvegicus alt. 2,640m around the ropeway station, hotel and restaurant in the alpine zone. The widest distribution was shown by A. argenteus, being found at any place in the altitude of 950-2,640m. The species which was distributed from the sub-alpine to alpine zone was S. shinto and C. andersoni. D. pilirostris was native to the forest of sub-alpine zone. C. andersoni and E. kageus are both forest dwellers, the former species is used to live in above 1,300m and the latter live in below it. The distribution border between D. pilirostris and U. talpoides was also at the altitude of about 1,300m. M. montebelli generally inhabits in cultured land, grassy plain and young forested land. In the Kiso-Komagatake, however, this species did not distribute in higher altitude than 1,300m even when the habitat was sufficient. This is probably because of very steep slope of the mountain side. R. norvegicus inhabited around the ropeway station, hotel and restaurant in the alpine zone, propagating themselves even in very severe cold conditions. The higher the altitude of the population of A. argenteus, the later the beginning of propagation in spring occured. 2) In the zone, ranging 1,300-1,500m above the sea level, small mammals were caught with snap traps in three Larix kaempferi-afforested lands of different age and the relation between forest age and species of small mammals was examined. A. speciosus was found in the sapling and the young forest but not in the grown forest, while a large amount of A. argenteus was found in the grown forest according to Apodemus Index. C. andersoni was not found in the sapling, while E. hageus was relatively large amounts in the sapling and the young forest, though absence in the grown forest. 3) In a few Larix kaempferi forest in the altitude of 1,300m, movements of A. speciosus and A. argenteus were followed up for 7 days by the use of alive traps. The distance of two traps which caught the same individual in two consecutive nights was measured with the following results :In case of A. speciosus, it was 11.3m (mean for 5 cases) in June and 21.0m (mean for 4 cases) in August. The mean for June and August was 15.6m for 9 cases. In case of A. argenteus, the mean distance in June was 15. 5m for 7 cases. From these figures, the diameter of the home range was calculated, with the result that the mean was 33.1m for A. speciosus and 27.8m for A. argenteus. There was little difference between them.

著者

酒井 琢郎 花村 肇 宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

東京動物學會

雑誌

動物学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.1, 1969

著者

宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

日本哺乳類学会

雑誌

哺乳動物学雑誌: The Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan (ISSN:05460670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.5, pp.199-209, 1976

被引用文献数

1

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1967年5月より1975年5月までの間に, 中央アルプス (木曽山脈) および北アルプス南部で発見されたニホンカモシカ12頭の死体について, その胃内容物から食植物の種類を同定した。発見地点の海抜高度は1, 100~2, 000m, 死亡時期は秋 (10・11月) , 積雪期 (2~4月) , 早春 (3~5月) にわたっている。<BR>12個体の剖検例から, 胃内に発見された食植物は, 常緑針葉樹2科7種, 落葉広葉樹6科6種, 常緑広葉樹1科4種, 草本7科9種の総計16科26種になる (Table 1) 。これらを死亡時の季節別にみるとTable2およびTable3の如くになる。秋には9種で広葉樹が多く, 針葉樹は1種にすぎない。積雪期には8種の植物が食べられているが, 針葉樹が圧倒的に多い。早春になると食植物の種類は急増して18種となり, 草本の食べられる割合が多くなる。<BR>参考までに, 夏期に食痕によって確認されたニホンカモシカの食植物はTable4およびTable5の如く, 種類数はひじょうに多く, しかも草本が主な食物になることがわかる。<BR>すなわち, ニホンカモシカの食物としては, 秋に常緑広葉樹, 積雪期に針葉樹, 春から夏には草本が重要なものとなる。これを要するに, ニホンカモシカは, 新鮮な緑葉を求める動物なのである。<BR>したがって, ニホンカモシカの食生活は, 積雪期にきわめて厳しいものとなる。そのため, 山地森林の広域皆伐は, ニホンカモシカの生活を成り立たなくさせ, その結果, ヒノキなどの植林地に, ニホンカモシカによる食害が発生する。植林地への食害は, 環境破壊に対するニホンカモシカの無言の抗議行動であり, それはまた, 人間の生息環境悪化に対する警告でもある点を認識しなければならない。<BR>合成樹脂製品の断片2点が胃内にみられた1例もある。ニホンカモシカの死体は, ツキノワグマによって食い荒らされていることが多い。

著者

鈴木 茂忠 宮尾 嶽雄 西沢 寿晃 高田 靖司

出版者

信州大学農学部

雑誌

信州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:05830621)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.p43-52, 1979-07

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The distribution of the Japanese mountain mole, Euroscaptor mizura is limited on the main land in Japan. However, the closely related species to the E. mizura distributes on the south-west part in China and its vicinity. Therefore, the Japanese mountain mole distributes as a spotted pattern. E. mizura should be the oldest form of the Talpinae on the main land in Japan. Since specimen of E. mizura collected is quite few, the distribution is remained uncertain. About 10 specimens of E. mizura have been obtained from various mountainous zones in Nagano District, i. e. , the Hida Mountains, the Mikuni Mountains, the Akaishi Mountains, the Yatsugatake Mountain Mass and the Chikuma Mountain Region. But there is no any record of collection in the Kiso Mountains at all. The authors could fortunately obtained a dead female specimen on the peak of the Mt. Kiso-Komagatake. It is suggested that E. mizura may be able to live in the Kiso Mountains. Measurement of the specimen obtained was done on some morphological features. The results were as follows.From the previous record, it may be said that the Japanese mountain mole distributes on forest and grassland in alpine and subalpine zones in Nagano District. On the other hand, as the collection record has been found in Yamanashi, Aomori, and Hiroshima Districts, E. mizura may be described, in the future, on the low land zone in Nagano District.

著者

鈴木 茂忠 宮尾 嶽雄 西沢 寿晃 志田 義治 高田 靖司

出版者

信州大学農学部

雑誌

信州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:05830621)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.p21-42, 1976-06

被引用文献数

2

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The distribution of small mammals on the eastern slope of the Mt. Kiso-Komagatake, the peak of the Japanese Central Alps was described in the previous report (Suzuki, Miyao et al, 1975). In the present paper, the authors made clear the food habit of the Japanese martens (Martes melampus melampus) in the upper part of low mountainous zone (1,200-1,600m above the sea level) on the eastern slope of the Mt. Kiso-Komagatake. From late August 1975 to late February 1976, total 193 scat samples were collected in the area and their content were analyzed. As to the flora in the area, afforestation of Larix kaempferi is predominating, and secondary forests containing Quercus crispura, Betula platyphylla, Fagus crenata, Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Tsuga diversifolia are scattered here and there. The results of scat analysis are as follows; 1) Scats containing both animal and vegetable foods were predominant, indicating the omnivorous habit of the Japanese marten. Those exclusively containing animal foods increased in winter (January to February), thus suggesting their stronger tendency towards flesh-eating in the cold season. 2) Kinds of animals eaten by the Japanese marten covered seven classes, and among them insects and small mammals were mainly eaten. Mammals eaten with the highest predilection were Lepus brachyurus and murinae rodents, and especially the former may become the basal animal foods for the Japanese marten. Insectivora in scats were found more frequently in winter. A mass of hairs ofthe Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus crispus) was found in one scat. In insects, Coleoptera was frequently eaten but they entirely disappear in winter season. 3) As to the vegetable foods, buccas and drupes from plants of seven orders of class Dicotyledoneae were found and buccas from Actinidia arguta and A. holomikta of order Parietales were mainly eaten. Scats contained 85-99% of fruits collected from August to December, however, its percentage decreased and the frequency of the small mammals increased in winter season (January to February). Besides Parietales, buccas and drupes of Akebia quinata, Rubus, Vitis coignetiae, Viburunum furcatum, Diospyros kaki, Aralis cordata A. elata were also eaten. 4) The mean number of different order of foods found in one scat was 2.5 for the total period of investigation, 2.8 for August to September, 2.2 for October to December and 2.1 for January to February. In August to September, buccas of Actinidia arguta, A. holomikta and Akebia quinata were more frequently eaten in combination with Lepus brachyurus. In January to February, Lepus brachyurus was the major food. 5) It arouses great interest to know what difference may exist in the food selection among the Japanese marten, Martes melampus melampus, the Japanese red fox, Vulpes vulpes japonica and the Japanese weasel, Mustela itatsi itatsi, which live sympatrically in the same area. This problem will be studied in the near future.

著者

酒井 英一 植松 康 宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

The Mammal Society of Japan

雑誌

哺乳類科学 = Mammalian Science (ISSN:0385437X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.121-134, 1996-03-31

著者

宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

緒方医学化学研究所医学生物学速報会

雑誌

医学と生物学 (ISSN:00191604)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.5, 1956-12

著者

宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

日本哺乳動物学会

雑誌

哺乳動物学雑誌 (ISSN:05460670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, 1970-06

著者

宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

北隆館

雑誌

新昆虫 (ISSN:05830524)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.8, pp.18-19, 1952-08

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 北沢 徹郎 両角 源美

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.5, pp.171-176, 1960-05-15

被引用文献数

3

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The authors measured the large intestinal length (colon 1.+rectum 1.) and the caecum length against the small intestinal length in rats of Muridae, calculating their ratios. Mean values of the ratios in each species are shown in the Table below. Large intestine and caecum are relatively long in the grass-feeder such as Cletrionomys andersoni, Anteliomys smithii and Microtus montebelli, and relatively short in seeds-and insect-feeder, Apodemus. And they are the shortest in Mus and Rattus which take the grain and cooked food. It is highly probable that the ratios of these intestinal lengths reflect the differences of the food habit and indicate the systematic significance in the related species.