著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 佐藤 信吉 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.7, pp.187-193, 1963-07-15

被引用文献数

6

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The authors investigated the seasonal differences of sex ratio, body weight, percentage of pregnant female and testicle size in two species of the field mice, Apodemus argenteus and Clethrionomys andersoni, collected from April, 1962 to March, 1963, in the subalpine forestzone (Tsuga diversifolia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,800-2,400m) on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. Toral number of collected specimens was 308 Apodemus ar genteus and 616 Clethrionomys andersoni. 1) The number of males was larger than that of females in all months except August in Clethrionomys andersoni (♀ 56.7%), and July in Apodemus argenteus (♀ 54.6%), during the height of the breeding season (Fig. 1). 2) From the histograms of the body weight, the following tendencies were noted. Young mice appeared from July to October in Clethrionomys andersoni, and from June to September in Apodemus argenteus. Old adults disappeared from November to March in Clethrionomys andersoni, and from August in Apodemus argenteus. In both species, the developmental period of body weight generally coincided with the spring breeding season (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). The life span of these species was supposed at about 1 year. 3) The maximum monthly pregnancy rate was attained in June in both species (Fig. 4). The yearly average embryo size was 3.3 in Clethrionomys andersoni and 3.9 in Apodemys argenteus. 4) The monthly average testicle sizes were about 10 mm. from April to July in both species. But they were about 4 mm. from October to March (Fig. 5).

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.7, pp.189-195, 1964-07-15

被引用文献数

2

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The present paper deals with the distribution and breeding season of Smith's red-backed vole (Eothenomys smithi) in the subalpine forest zone (Tsuga diversiforia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,300-2,400m)on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu, Japan. By using snap traps, a survey was made every August in 1957, 1959, 1960 and 1961, and every month from April 1962 to March 1964. 1. In the subalpine forest zone, Anderson's red-backed vole (Clethrionomys adersoni) and the wood mouse (Apodemus argenteus) were the most abundant species. E. smithi is distributed widely in this area, but the population density was in general low, although in some localities it was high, as in areas with haevy undergrowth. E. smithi occurred with Clethrionomys andersoni and there was not observable habitat segregation between them. 2. The average tail length and hind foot length was 43.09mm and 16.32mm, respectively. 3. Pregnant females were found from May to October, and the maximum monthly pregnancy rate was attained in July. The yearly average number of embryoes was 2.3. Out of 32 females examined, 6(18.7%)had three pairs of mammae and 26 (81.3%) had two pairs of mammae. The monthly average testicle sizes increased quickly in spring and attained a maximum in June, after which their size was quickly reduced. 4. It is known that E. smithi occurs in forested regions on Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan, but recently Imaizumi (1957) distinguished a new variety E. smithi occurring in the northern part of Honshu (including Mt. yatsugatake) from those in the southern part of Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, and he named the former E. kageus. He suggested that E. kageus has two pairs of mammae and that E. smithi has three pairs. The present results, however, show that the color, body measurements and habitat of E. kageus are very close to those of E. smithi, and further that the specimens having both types of mammae are found in the same area on Mt. yatsugatake. Thus the difference in the number of mammae betwwn E. kageus and E. smithi may be due only to individual variation.

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 花村 肇 佐藤 信吉 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男

出版者

日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.133-138, 1963-05

被引用文献数

4

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From April, 1962 to March, 1963, the authors collected small mammals (Rodentia and Insectivora) monthly by snap traps in the subalpine forest zone (Tsugadiversiforia-Abies Mariesii forest zone, alt. 1,300-2,400m) on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. Total number of captured mice and voles was 961 with the following proportional breakdown: Rattus rattus 1, Apodemus speciosus 14, Apodemus argenteus 308, Clethrionomys andersoni 616, Anteliomys smithii 20, Microtus montebelli 2. The number of moles and shrews taken was 231 with the following breakdown: Euroscaptor mizura 1, Urotrichus talpoides hondonis 18, Dymecodon pilirostris 151, and Sorex shinto shinto 61. Rattus rattus and Microtus montebelli were found in this area. Apodemus speciosus and Urotrichus talpoides hondonis were only found in the lower part of this grassy area. On the other hand, Apodemus argenteus, Clethrionomys andersoni, Anteliomys smithii, Dymecodon pilirostris, Sorex shinto shinto were widely found in this forest zone. It was noted that the largest number of Apodemus argenteus appeared in spring, but the peak of Clethrionomys andersoni was seen from autumn to winter (Fig. 2). The average embryo sizes of each species were as follows: Apodemus speciosus 5.7, Apodemus argenteus 3.9, Clethrionomys andersoni 3.3, Anteliomys smithii 3.5, Microtus montebelli 3.0, Urotrichus talpoides hondonis 4.5, Dymecodon pilirostris 3.5, Sorex shinto shinto 3.7. The highest capture rate (number of captured small mammals/no. of set traps) occurred in October and the lowest rate in February. They reflect the effect of the population density and the snow fall, etc.

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 両角 徹郎 両角 源美 赤羽 啓栄 酒井 秋男 花村 肇

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.76-81, 1965-03-15

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The authors certified that five species of insectivora inhabit the subalpine forest zone (alt. 1,800-2,400m) of Mt. Yatsugatake. They are Euroscaptor mizura, Urotrichus talpoides, Dymecodon pilirostris, Sorex shinto and Chimarrogale platycephala. From April, 1962 to March, 1964, the authors collected small mammals monthly by snap traps in the subalpine forest zone on Mt. Yatsugatake in Honshu. The total number of captured mice and voles was 1,577. The number of moles and shrews taken was 387 with the following breakdown: Urotrichus talpoides 25, Dymecodon pilirostris 257, Sorex shinto 105. It was noted that larger number of Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto appeared in June and in winter. Pregnant females were found in May (2 specimens) in Urotrichus talpoides, in May (3) and July (3) in Dymecodon pilirostris, in May (2) and June (5) in Sorex shinto. The average embryo sizes of each species were as follows: Urotrichus talpoides 4.5, Dymecodon pilirostris 3.7, Sorex shinto 3.8. Mammal formula of each species examined are shown in Table 3. The monthly average testicle sizes advance rapidly to the maximum after winter in Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto, but after which their size are quickly reduced. In Dymecodon pilirostris and Sorex shinto, from the frequency distribution table of body weight, the following tendencies are noted: wintered animals grow repidly and reach maturity from April to July. But breeding ceases in August mainly because the parent generation is rapidly dying off by October, completely so by November. Young come into the populations from August onwards, predominating from August and overwinter without coming into breeding conditions. The life span of these species is supposed to be about 1-1.5 years.

著者

山田 博之 近藤 信太郎 花村 肇

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (Japanese Series) (ISSN:13443992)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.2, pp.75-84, 2004 (Released:2004-12-24)

参考文献数

87

被引用文献数

2 3

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人の第3大臼歯は最も発生が遅く,形態変異も大きく,欠如率も高い。環境要因の影響を最も受けやすく,小進化を反映しやすい歯である。そこで,日本人集団の歯牙形態の小進化を考察する目的で,第3大臼歯の先天的欠如率を時代順に調べた。その結果,縄文時代人は欠如頻度が低く,ほとんどの第3大臼歯は発生していたが,弥生時代人になると急激に欠如頻度が高くなっていた。この急激な変化は,外来集団からの遺伝的影響によって生じたと考えられる。弥生時代人以降,欠如頻度はさらに高くなり,昭和初期にはピークに達した。その後,先天的欠如頻度は急激に減少し,第3大臼歯が存在する人は多くなっていた。昭和時代以降の変化は高栄養物の摂取と,それに伴う高身長化や性成熟の加速化によるものと思われる。

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 花村 肇 佐々木 泉 藤田 善和 大賀 将夫

出版者

社団法人日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.11, 1964-12-15

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 赤羽 啓栄 花村 肇 佐々木 泉 藤田 善和 大賀 将夫

出版者

日本動物学会

雑誌

動物学雑誌 (ISSN:00445118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.8, pp.227-235, 1966-08

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A supplemental tubercle is often seen on the mesiobuccal part of the lamina on the lower molar of Rattus. We call this the mesiobuccal tubercle to distinguish it from the others. The main aim of this paper is to report on regional differences in its frequency of appearance on the mesiobuccal tubercle and to report on various supplemental tubercles on the lower molar of Rattus norvegicus. I. Regional difference: We have examined the regional difference of frequency of the appearance of the mesiobuccal tubercle in Rattus norvegicus, which were collected in the following four districts; Matsumoto City, Shiga Heights in Nagano Prefecture, Nagoya City and Fukuoka City. The most noticeable difference is found on the second lamina of the second molar. A quite significant difference is that the rate of frequency appearance on the right molar in Nagoya is 66.7%, which is far lower than the others; in Shiga Heights it is 91.7%, in Matsumoto City 95.1%, and in Fukuoka City 92.6%. On the second lamina of the third molar we recognize a regional difference, and especially the rate on the right molar in Nagoya, as well as that of the second lamina of the second molar, is much lower than the rate in the other three districts. II. Various supplemental tubercles which appear on the lower molar are as follows: 1) The supplemental tubercles found on the lingual surface between the first and the second lamina of the second molar. 2) The tubercle found on the distal surface of second lamina of the third molar. This tubercle is homologous to the posterior heel of the first and second molar and seems to be its remnant. 3) The tubercle found on the distobuccal of the first lamina of the first molar.

著者

酒井 琢郎 花村 肇 宮尾 嶽雄

出版者

東京動物學會

雑誌

動物学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.1, 1969

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 花村 肇 植松 康 酒井 英一 高田 靖司 子安 和弘

出版者

日本哺乳類学会

雑誌

哺乳動物学雑誌: The Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan (ISSN:05460670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.128-140, 1983-03-25 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

34

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1982年1月23~26日に, 淡路島南部, 諭鶴羽山地北西山麓部の哺乳動物の調査を行なった。翼手類については, 調査できなかった。1) .生息が認められた哺乳類は, 次の6目16種である。食虫目: ジネズミ, ヒミズ, コウベモグラ。霊長目: ニホンザル。兎目: ノウサギ。齧歯目: ニホンリス, アカネズミ, ヒメネズミ, カヤネズミ, ハツカネズミ。食肉目: タヌキ, テン, イタチ (チョウセンイタチ, ホンドイタチ) 。偶蹄目: イノシシ, シカ。2) .ムササビ, スミスネズミ, アナグマなどを欠いている点に, 島のファウナの特徴を示している。キツネも絶滅している。3) .ヒミズは, 腹部を中心に体毛の白化傾向が著しく, また, ヒミズの尾部にカンサイツツガムシの多数寄生例がみられ, 寄生率も高かった。4) .アカネズミの耳介にネズミスナノミ (Tunga caecigena) の寄生がみられた。淡路島に本種が分布していること, ならびにアカネズミが宿主になっていることは, 新しい知見であろう。

著者

宮尾 嶽雄 花村 肇 植松 康 酒井 英一 高田 靖司 子安 和弘

出版者

THE MAMMAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

哺乳動物学雑誌: The Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan (ISSN:05460670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.128-140, 1983

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1982年1月23~26日に, 淡路島南部, 諭鶴羽山地北西山麓部の哺乳動物の調査を行なった。翼手類については, 調査できなかった。<BR>1) .生息が認められた哺乳類は, 次の6目16種である。食虫目: ジネズミ, ヒミズ, コウベモグラ。霊長目: ニホンザル。兎目: ノウサギ。齧歯目: ニホンリス, アカネズミ, ヒメネズミ, カヤネズミ, ハツカネズミ。食肉目: タヌキ, テン, イタチ (チョウセンイタチ, ホンドイタチ) 。偶蹄目: イノシシ, シカ。<BR>2) .ムササビ, スミスネズミ, アナグマなどを欠いている点に, 島のファウナの特徴を示している。キツネも絶滅している。<BR>3) .ヒミズは, 腹部を中心に体毛の白化傾向が著しく, また, ヒミズの尾部にカンサイツツガムシの多数寄生例がみられ, 寄生率も高かった。<BR>4) .アカネズミの耳介にネズミスナノミ (<I>Tunga caecigena</I>) の寄生がみられた。淡路島に本種が分布していること, ならびにアカネズミが宿主になっていることは, 新しい知見であろう。

著者

千田 拓治 夏目 長門 藤原 成祥 大林 修文 新美 照幸 田中 良成 木下 弘幸 小木 信美 河合 俊彦 内藤 宗孝 有地 榮一郎 子安 和弘 花村 肇 大野 紀和 小暮 一雄

雑誌

愛知学院大学歯学会誌 = The Aichi-Gakuin journal of dental science (ISSN:00446912)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.199-207, 2001-06-30

著者

花村 肇 子安 和弘 朝倉 昭子

出版者

成長談話会

雑誌

成長 (ISSN:02877775)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.175-183, 2002-12

被引用文献数

1

著者

山田 博之 近藤 信太郎 花村 肇

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological science. Japanese series : journal of the Anthropological Society of Nippon : 人類學雜誌 (ISSN:13443992)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.2, pp.75-84, 2004-12-01

被引用文献数

4 3

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人の第3大臼歯は最も発生が遅く,形態変異も大きく,欠如率も高い。環境要因の影響を最も受けやすく,小進化を反映しやすい歯である。そこで,日本人集団の歯牙形態の小進化を考察する目的で,第3大臼歯の先天的欠如率を時代順に調べた。その結果,縄文時代人は欠如頻度が低く,ほとんどの第3大臼歯は発生していたが,弥生時代人になると急激に欠如頻度が高くなっていた。この急激な変化は,外来集団からの遺伝的影響によって生じたと考えられる。弥生時代人以降,欠如頻度はさらに高くなり,昭和初期にはピークに達した。その後,先天的欠如頻度は急激に減少し,第3大臼歯が存在する人は多くなっていた。昭和時代以降の変化は高栄養物の摂取と,それに伴う高身長化や性成熟の加速化によるものと思われる。<br>