著者

H.A. Yu T. Kaneko S. Otani S. Yoshimura A. Oya

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

TANSO (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1997, no.178, pp.101-107, 1997-07-30 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3 4

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It was reported that a photovoltaic cell with carbonaceous film/n-type silicon (C/n-Si) was fabricated utilizing a process in which a carbonaceous film was deposited on an n-type silicon substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of 2, 5- dimethyl-p-benzoquinone at 500°C The purpose of this work is to study preparation and structure of the carbonaceous film. In this study, the carbonaceous films were made by CVD of 2, 5-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone on a quartz substrate at a temperature between 500 and 1000°C. The 2, 5-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone shows higher reaction activity for carbonization at low temperatures. At low CVD temperatures below 700°C, the carbonization reaction of 2, 5- dimethyl-p-benzoquinone was mainly caused by pyrolysis of its methyl and carbonyl groups. The carbonaceous film deposited at low temperatures below 700°C has a typical amorphous structure, and the one deposited above 700°C has a graphite-like lamellar structure oriented along the substrate.

著者

川村 和郎 天利 光宜 有賀 敦

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.188, pp.133-137, 1999-07-30 (Released:2011-03-01)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 2

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Carbonization behavior and density dependence of bending strength were observed onwoods and resin-impregnated woods through heat treament. Soft and hard woods were selected as the samples to which furfuryl alcohol resin was applied. The bending strength of woods were the lowest at heat treatment temperature (HTT) of around 400·Z, which was the same tendency as that for furfuryl alcohol resin. The resin impregnation did not make bending strength increase but volume shrinkage reduce. The relationship, σ=apn was recognized between the bending strength (σ) and the bulk density (p) at each HTT for all the woods examined. Also, the relationship, σ =bpm existed for each wood heat-treated at various HTTs. The exponents n and m were estimated 1.3 and 8.5, respectively. The factors a and b were dependent on HTT.

著者

Shojun Hino

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

TANSO (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2000, no.191, pp.80-82, 2000-02-25 (Released:2011-07-05)

参考文献数

5

著者

山田 能生 稲垣 道夫

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1997, no.178, pp.122-127, 1997-07-30 (Released:2011-07-05)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 7

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Synthesis and structure of carbyne were reviewed. Its synthesis was classified into physical and chemical methods. The relations to other carbon allotropes, diamond, graphite and fullerens were also discussed.

著者

山口 祥司

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.186, pp.39-44, 1999-02-28 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

1 5

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Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) films play an important role in lithium ion battery. SEI films form ongraphite anode surfaces during early lithium intercalation process. SEI films prevent further solvent decompositionduring charge and discharge in the battery. Morphological study of SEI film formation is very important to understandthe function of SEI film in lithium ion battery system. Simultaneous in-situ electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Friction Force Microscopy (FFM) were successfully introduced to monitor SEI film formation in realtime. Topographic and frictional changes on the surface of a Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) electrodein 1 mol/dm3 LiClO4 EC/EMC (1:1) electrolyte were examined during charge and discharge. SEI film formationcommenced at approximately 2V vs. Li/Li+ and stable film formation with an island-like morphology was observedbelow approximately 0.9V vs. Li/Li+. Further experiments on a composite electrode made of synthetic graphite powderand polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) binder showed similar phenomena.

著者

辻村 清也

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.265, pp.195-203, 2014-11-15 (Released:2014-12-15)

参考文献数

88

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In this review, recent developments in enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC) technology are reviewed. A general introduction to EBFCs, including their operating principles and applications, is provided. The electron transfer mechanism, mediator and enzyme materials (anode and cathode) are discussed. EBFCs are promising for sustainable green energy applications; however, they are still at an early stage of development, with many yet-to-be-resolved fundamental scientific and engineering problems. Two critical problems are short lifetime and poor power density, both of which are related to enzyme stability, electron transfer rate, and enzyme loading. To achieve the practical application of EBFCs, a promising approach is to use porous carbon materials as enzyme supports. Strategies for the design of hierarchically structured supports with both mesopores and macropores are considered. The large surface area of these mesoporous materials can increase the enzyme loading and electron transfer efficiency. The macropores enable efficient biocatalyst and fuel transport. The essential properties of the resulting materials with respect to the EBFC application are also discussed. A combination of electron transfer technology and porous carbon material would be helpful in achieving a much higher and stable current output, thus contributing to a practical advance in the sustainable energy field.

著者

仙石 正

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.72-76, 1953-05-04 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

10

著者

岡村 迪夫

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2000, no.194, pp.268-275, 2000-10-05 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3

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An invention of the new physical battery called ECS (Energy Capacitor System) composed from specially made capacitors and electronic circuits, has opened up profound applications and possibilities. Copernican revolution indesign of energy storage capacitors is provided by trading off their internal resistance with energy density, and by charging slowly as to obtain better efficiency. Many problems inherent to capacitors such as inefficient charging, wide variation of terminal voltage and unequal distribution of voltage to each capacitors have been solved by attached electronic cirCapacitors for the system are also specially developed. With the electronic circuits, capacitors accommodate the energy density of 10Wh/1 at 2ΩF (ohms for each farad) and 18 Wh/1 at 108ΩF. Various applications are tested ranging from solar system to home air conditioner. Power load leveler is supported by Japanese national project, a 3kWh system is built and resulted 85% AC to AC, 95% DC to DC efficiency together with record cell energy density of 27 Wh/l. A 15ton Hybrid bus powered by a 75kW ECS with a 75kW generator produced and resulted almost twice improvements of fuel mileage.