著者

菱山 幸宥 鏑木 裕 稲垣 道夫

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.249, pp.195-212, 2011-09-01 (Released:2011-09-22)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1 2

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The relation of crystallinity and preferred orientation parameters to the magnetoresistance of carbon materials was examined. We derived the parameters for carbon samples having a planar orientation with the electric current flowing along the direction perpendicular to the orientation symmetry axis and for those having an axial orientation along the direction parallel to the orientation symmetry axis. On the basis of the magnetoresistance data on carbon materials, including pyrolytic carbons, carbon films, cokes, carbon fibers, etc., the formulae of orientation functions for planar and axial orientations were derived. The I3/I1 value derived from the orientation function is proposed as the parameter for preferred orientation in carbon materials, which changes in the range 0–2/3 for the planar orientation, 2/3 for random and point orientations and in the range 2/3–1 for the axial orientation. The parameter [Equation] shows a good correspondence to interlayer spacing d002 for all carbon materials used, which is useful to differentiate the crystallinity of highly graphitized materials.

著者

大谷 杉郎 小林 弘

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1967, no.51, pp.2-7, 1967-11-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

---

In order to get some fundamental informations related to a mechanism of carbonization, pyrolysis of the mono- substituted benzene derivatives (benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, aniline, anisole, benzyl alcohol, acetophenone, benzaldehyde and phenol) was studied by use of a flowing gas reactor at below 600°C.According to the initial temperature of decomposition, the thermal reactivities are arranged in the order as follow: ph-CHO>ph-OCH3>ph-NO2>ph-CH2OH>ph-COCH3 >benzene>ph-Cl>ph-NH2>ph-CH3>ph-OH. And the mechanism of the decomposition of the each derivative is suggested on the basis of the quantitative analysis of the products.

著者

野田 稲吉

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1977, no.90, pp.92-97, 1977-07-05 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

大島 龍司 山中 博 細見 暁

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, no.197, pp.88-91, 2001-05-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Suh-micron diamond powder was heat-treated and its machining pert ormance wax tested in the texturing process or fixed disk blanks. Comparison indicated a significant increase of up to some 30% in stock rein al. as well as a reduction of 5% in surlacc roughness over the corresponding diamond as untreated. Such improvement can be related to the et lect s of an incrased friability and thus in number or edges available I or the stock removal process. Scratch marks, on the other hand. were essentially eliminated as a result of the deposition of non-diamond carbon on the surfaces of diamond particles, so much as to leave only edge projection tips uncvoered.

著者

岩下 哲雄

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2003, no.207, pp.78-86, 2003-05-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 3

---

X-ray dill faction technique, have widely been ftpplicd for crystal structure charactcniation of carbon materi-als and ga c useful information. Progresses, in computer. were remarkable. which made the measurement cI diffrac-tion intensities and their correction, on di fferent factors easier. It was pointed out, therefore, that the procedures for X-ray diffraction measurements, e to he revised so as to take into account of these progresses in computation. In the present paper, computer analysts of digital data of X-ray diffraction, for instance, determination of lattice constants and crystallite size of carbon materials (Gakushin method) using profile fitting technique and calculation of integral inten-sity in the case of estimation of graphititation degree P1 was reviewed. The measurement conditions to obtain a good digital diffraction data, the procedures of smoothing and intensity correction of diffraction profile were introduced.

著者

吉野 彰

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.186, pp.45-49, 1999

被引用文献数

3

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Development of lithium ion battery is reviewed. Lithium ion battery has been used widely for note book personalcomputers, cellular phones and other applications. Annual sales amounts have reached to about 200 billion yens in 19<BR>This new battery system was found in 1984 by Asahi Chemical Co. Extensive work has been carried out to improvecarbonaceous material for negative electrode.<BR>By this improvement, discharge capacity of lithium ion battery (Cylindrical Type 18650) has been increasedfrom 920mAh to 1600mAh in these 5 years. Future trend of technology is also reviewed.

著者

大谷 杉郎

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1970, no.61, pp.60-68, 1970-06-30 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 3

著者

安田 榮一 木村 脩七

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1983, no.115, pp.196-208, 1983-11-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

108

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

葛巻 徹

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2002, no.204, pp.192-199, 2002-10-07 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

23

著者

奥達 雄輝 馬場 信一

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2002, no.202, pp.90-95, 2002-05-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3

著者

大谷 杉郎 子洪 〓 太田 悦郎

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1986, no.127, pp.162-170, 1986

被引用文献数

6

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Thermosetting resins named COPNA resin were prepared by heating polycondenced armotic compounds (Aro) with 1, 4-benzenedimethanol (PXG) and p-toluensulfonic acid as a catalyst. Aro used were pyrene/phenanthrene (7/3 in molar ratio) mixture (PP), napth-alene and coal-tar pitch. The COPNA resins were heat-treated between 200 and 2500&deg;C to examine their carbonization behaviors. Major/results obtained are:<BR>(1) The COPNA resins derived from PP or naphtalene with an amount of PXG above 1.0 in PXG/Aro molar ratio decomposed first thermally around 450&deg;C. Thus, the methylene bridges in the COPNA resins were broken down around 450&deg;C. The pitch-based COPNA resin exhibited the weight loss over a wider temperature range.<BR>(2) Carbon yields from the COPNA resins increased with both increasing, molecular weight of raw Aro and the cross-linkage density. They were 38 and 60 wt% for the naphthalene (PXG/Aro=1.25 in molar ratio) based-and the pitch (PXG/Aro=2.0 in molar ratio) based-COPNA resins respectively. The PP-based one showed an intermediate value between them.<BR>(3) The COPNA resins after heating to 2500&deg;C gave X-ray parameters corresponding to those for the non-graphitizable carbon. hitizability of those resins improved with the increasing molecular weight of Aro and/or the decreasing molecular ratio of PXG/Aro.

著者

山田 裕貴

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 = Carbons (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

no.248, pp.154-155, 2011-06-15

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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黒鉛電極はその異方性構造により独特の電気化学挙動を示すことが知られている。例えば,黒鉛電極における電気二重層容量やヘテロ電子移動反応速度は金属電極のものとはまったく異なるが,これまで黒鉛の電気化学に特化した基礎研究が広く行われ理論的な説明がなされつつある。一方で,電気化学的手法により層間にイオンを挿入することができる点も黒鉛電極の特徴の1つである。しかし,このような反応が広く研究されるようになったのはリチウムイオン電池の実用化後であるため,その反応機構に関する基礎研究は不十分である。<br>本論文は,リチウムイオン電池の負極材料として用いられている黒鉛と電解液の界面における電気化学反応の機構および速度論に関する研究成果をまとめたもので,序論および3部7章で構成されている。第1部(第1章,第2章)では,種々の有機電解液中における黒鉛電極の電気化学特性を調べることにより,黒鉛電極へのリチウムイオン挿入反応の可否を決定する要因について議論した。第2部(第3章~第5章)では,黒鉛電極への電気化学的リチウムイオン挿入反応の活性化エネルギーを調べ,その決定要因を明らかにすることで,反応速度について議論した。第3部(第6章,第7章)では,黒鉛電極の電気化学的リチウム挿入反応サイト数について調べることにより,黒鉛電極/電解液界面におけるリチウムイオン挿入脱離反応の速度に影響を与える頻度因子項について議論した。

著者

中原 乾二

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1964, no.38, pp.6-8, 1964-06-25 (Released:2010-06-28)

著者

淺田 英直 和田 光雄 古澤 敏雄

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.104-117, 1954-10-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

34

著者

阿久 沢昇 南部 隼外 萩原 学 千綿 司雄 岡本 龍也 今川 博

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, no.233, pp.119-123, 2008

被引用文献数

5

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The resistivity of graphite cathode in alumina molten salt was determined along with electrolysis at 945°C. The resistivity decreased monotonically with the progress of the electrolysis and finally reached to a steady value. For HTT-2000 cathode graphite, the steady value was about 70% of that of the original one before electrolysis. The resistivity turned to increase from the steady value just after interruption of the electrolysis current. A characteristic 2-step curve was observed in the resistivity vs. time plot. It increased fairly steeply at first and then became almost constant at a value corresponding to 87-88 % of that of the original value. The resistivity again increased after the plateau and finally returned to the original value. Several experiments including SEM and X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the resistivity change is closely related to the intercalation and de-intercalation of sodium. For HTT-2400 and -2800 cathode graphite, sodium concentration fixed in the matrix after electrolysis was less than that of HTT-2000.

著者

淡路 英夫 佐藤 千之助

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1981, no.105, pp.52-59, 1981-04-25 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

37

著者

阿久沢 昇 古茂田 朋寛 玉田 耕治 平山 貴啓 今川 博

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 = Carbons (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

no.249, pp.191-194, 2011-09-01

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2

---

The effect of electrolysis temperature on the resistivity change of cathode graphite during and after electrolysis of alumina molten salt was investigated. The resistivity decreased along with electrolysis and increased after the electrolysis ended. For electrolysis at 910 and 920°C, ρ/ρ₀, the resistivity normalized by the original value, decreased to ~0.80 at first and then showed a plateau at ρ/ρ₀~0.40 during electrolysis. On the other hand, for electrolysis at 950 and 980°C, only a plateau at ρ/ρ₀~0.80 was observed. Formation of the stage 8 sodium-graphite intercalation compounds was confirmed for the phase with ρ/ρ₀~0.40, in contrast to the random stage structure for the phase with ρ/ρ₀~0.80. The SEM-EDX measurement of the phase with ρ/ρ₀~0.40 showed that sodium was detected not only in the vicinity of the surface but also the inner part of the cathode. The signal intensity of sodium was almost uniform in the cross section of cathode, indicative of sodium intercalation all over the graphite. The cathode was continuously kept at the electrolysis temperature for long time after interruption of electrolysis current until the resistivity showed a steady value. The resistivity determined after cooling to room temperature was larger than that before electrolysis.

著者

佐藤 慶明

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.261, pp.29-31, 2014

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<i>sp</i>²炭素の2次元ハニカムネットワーク構造をもつグラフェンは,その特異的な π 電子物性が注目されるとともに,現在のナノ物性科学の重要な一端を担っている。特に,原子1層の厚さしかないグラフェンでは,表面に吸着した分子がグラフェンの π 電子状態を大きく変調させるゲスト種として働き,電子輸送特性など様々な電子物性の変化が顕れる。したがって,表面分子・グラフェン間に働くホスト–ゲスト相互作用のメカニズムを理解し制御することが重要となる。本学位論文では,ゲスト種として弱い電子アクセプターとしての性質と,三重項(<i>S</i>=1)磁性を併せ持つ酸素分子に着目した。グラフェンFET (Field-Effect Transistor)デバイスにおける電子輸送特性の測定実験を通して酸素吸着効果を系統的に検証し,圧力・温度条件による酸素吸着構造の変化に応じた,様々な電子的・磁気的変調効果がグラフェン電子物性に顕れることを明らかにした。また,吸着現象もグラフェンの電子状態の影響を強く受けており,外部電場等によりグラフェンの電子密度を変調させることで,酸素吸着の挙動を制御可能であることを示した。<br>本学位論文は全6章から構成されている。第1章で本研究の背景,目的,意義を述べた後,第2章で電子輸送ならびに電荷移動反応過程の考察に必要な理論的枠組みを提供した。第3章ではグラフェン電子輸送特性に対する室温下酸素吸着効果を電子散乱・電荷移動の2点に着目して議論した。電荷移動活性のフェルミ準位依存性を反映した酸素吸着挙動変化が観測されたことを踏まえ,電気化学反応機構の知見をベースとしたグラフェン上吸着キネティクスの理論的モデル構築を行い,グラフェン等の低次元物質に対する吸着の特殊性について指摘した。第4章では第3章の結果を発展させ,グラフェンをデバイス化したときに問題となる電荷分布の空間的不均一性が室温化学吸着に与える影響について実験・理論両側面から議論し,吸着分子の空間分布制御の可能性を示唆した。第5章では,液体窒素温度以下での低温における酸素吸着(物理吸着)効果について述べ,観測された異常な磁気抵抗振動と,グラフェン伝導電子–吸着固体酸素2次元スピン格子構造間の磁気的相互作用の関連について記述した。第6章では本研究における成果をまとめ,今後の展望について述べた。本稿では,学位論文の主要部である第3章から第5章にかけて説明する。

著者

脇坂 博之 三宅 肇 河原 豊

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.224, pp.272-275, 2006-09-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3 6

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Microporous carbons were produced by carbonizing and activating bamboo (phyllostachys heterocycla). Carbon dioxide was used as an activating agent. Also the activated carbons were produced using bamboo carbons with less potassium fractions. The potassium fractions are mainly distributing in the middle lamella that connects the adjacent cell walls of bamboo. The micropore distribution became sharper for the carbon produced using bamboo carbon with smaller potassium fractions and controlling the yield of activated carbon no less than 70%. It seems that potassium fractions in the middle lamella will accelerate the activation reaction, and then the micropore distribution tends to be broader when the activation reaction reaches the middle lamella.

著者

Susumu Yoshimura

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

TANSO (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1992, no.151, pp.51-58, 1992-02-20 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

---

Since delocalized π electrons can move about throughout a crystal or molecule without distorting it, π-electron materials have many peculiar characteristics such as extremely high electron mobility and superpolarization. The π-electron cloud is also a fundamental reaction field for organic and biological materials.The Yoshimura π-Electron Materials Project will view the large space occupied by the freely-moving π electrons as domains of electron motion and materials transformation. The project will exploit and elucidate unique physical, chemical and biochemical phenomena which result from these domains. For this, the project will develop synthetic methods and processes for new organic and inorganic materials with extended π-electron systems and with high crystallinity. It will elucidate the mechanisms of superpolarization, high electron mobility and nonlinear phenomena. The project may propose new electronic devices based on unique features of π electrons. Other work will focus on selective and/or anomalous reactions in which the π-electron domains participate. This work may shed light on mechanisms of biocompatibility and proliferation on carbonacious materials in relation to electronic structures of the π-electron systems.