著者

Laura Dales

出版者

Australian Studies Association of Japan

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.22-28, 2014-03-20 (Released:2017-05-10)

著者

飯笹 佐代子

出版者

オーストラリア学会

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.53-68, 2005-03-25

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The Discovering Democracy Program was introduced into the Australian compulsory school curriculum nationwide as a civics and citizenship education program at the end of the 1990s. It was established on the basis of a strong federal government initiative, in spite of each state and territory being constitutionally responsible for education. How should the meaning of citizenship be taught in school with the aim of preparing future active citizens? This has been an important question in the debate on citizenship policy in Australia since the early 90s. Its policy consequence is the Discovering Democracy Program. It should be noted that some elements peculiar to Australian contexts, especially the approaching Centenary Federation and the republic debate, provided an impetus for public discussion on citizenship and influenced the nature of citizenship education. For this reason, perhaps, the redefinition of national self-image, or in other words, the (re)invention of a national civic identity for multicultural Australia, has been emphasised as the object of citizenship education, rather than any attempt to promote active participation in civic life. Another related distinctive feature is that policy makers identified 'Australian history' as an essential vehicle for education in citizenship, the 'heritage' approach to citizenship which is clearly reflected in the Discovering Democracy materials. The purpose of this paper is to examine critically the meaning and effect of citizenship education in Australia with attention to representation of cultural diversity. Firstly I will shed light on the background to and process of formulation of the citizenship education policy with a focus on its political intention and implications. I will then analyse how and to what extent cultural diversity is reflected in the concept of citizenship and how multicultural Australia is narrated in the content of the curricular materials developed by the Curriculum Corporation.

著者

田村 恵子

出版者

オーストラリア学会

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

no.19, pp.33-37, 2006-12-25

著者

玉井 祥子

出版者

オーストラリア学会

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.13-21, 2002-03-08

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1. Introduction When the then prime minister, Mr Paul Keating, launched the Commonwealth Cultural Policy on Tuesday 18 October 1994, he stated, "Our post-colonial status guaranteed that there would be a lot of questions about who we are, what level of culture we might reasonably aspire to... "The genesis of governmental support for culture in Australia might have been trying to identify "who we are". 2. Commonwealth government and cultural policies. The thirteen years 1983 to 1996 of the Hawke and Keating Labor governments was a time when Australia and Australians were very active in discussing issues about Australia's cultural and artistic activities. The "Creative Nation", Keating's cultural policy, was born under this umbrella. The Australian government's support for culture, however, dates back to the establishment of the ABC in 1932 or even further to the Commonwealth Literature Fund in 1908. But main stream support for the art and culture had been mainly private in nature. Official involvement by the Commonwealth Government in wider arts funding commenced with the announcement by the Prime Minister Harold Holt of the establishment of the Australian Council for the Arts (ACFTA) in 1967. This developed into the Australia Council, an independent statutory authority, that was established in 1975 by an Act of Parliament. The current Howard Liberal Government cultural policy "For Art's Sake-A Fair Go" is derived from its 1996 election paper and "Arts for Australia's Sake" in 1998. 3. Australia Council The Australia Council is a Commonwealth statutory authority, created under the Australia Council Act 1975, and responsible for determining priorities and providing a policy and budgetary framework for the arts. It features the "arm's length" principle and "peer assessment" model, playing a vital role in developing new audiences for the arts and promoting the greater appreciation of the value and role of the arts in the community. 4. Conclusion The Government support for the arts and culture, including financial support, is imperative for country with Australia's sparse demographics. Australia regards the arts and other cultural activities as worthy industries in their own right. Cultural tourism is now often discussed. It would appear that in the Australian context, Australia's cultural policies are practical and realistic. This paper focuses on the role and function of Australia Council as a mechanism for introducing government policy to society.

著者

本柳 とみ子

出版者

オーストラリア学会

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

no.28, pp.95-98, 2015-03-20

著者

Bryan Brett Carey Jan 大倉 よし子

出版者

オーストラリア学会

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

no.10, pp.50-70, 1998-06-25

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オーストラリアにおける生物多様性の保全は、多くの問題を抱えている。特に、土地固有種の個体数を管理しようとする野生生物管理計画は、極端に個体が増えすぎた場合駆除することを認めることから、論争の的となっている。ここではコアラを例にとり、問題点を探った。コアラの個体数は一部で深刻な減少を招いているが、他方南部の生息域では個体数が増えすぎ、土地特産のユーカリの群落の多くが消滅しつつあるケースも起こっている。コアラは選り好みが激しく、このユーカリ種を彼等がもっとも好むことから、将来的には食糧不足による個体数の激減が心配される。このためエコロジストや環境保護者の一部からは、適正な規模の個体数にとどめるため、駆除、すなわち銃による猟が提案された。しかし、コアラ保護団体やマスコミはコアラに対する同情心に訴えて運動を展開している。またほとんどのオーストラリア人はこうした駆除策には一線を引いていることもあって、コアラ管理の問題は政治化してしまった。オーストラリアの自然な生物相を守るためには、かわいい、抱きしめたくなるといった感情から離れて、生態系全体の中でのひとつの要素としてのコアラという、全体論的な視野が必要であり、一般の認識を変えるための教育が必要であろう。こうした考え方こそが、コアラ管理という問題から政治を引き離し、コアラの好む生息地の保全と個体数の維持を可能にするであろう。

著者

藤田 智子

出版者

オーストラリア学会

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

no.20, pp.61-75, 2007-03-25

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The word "family" is one of the most commonly used words. Many people use it naturally and without deeply thinking the meaning. However, who can accurately define this word? The meaning of words expressing family, such as "families", "the family", and "family", depends on the political, historical, social, and cultural background of them and the context in which they are used. The meaning also changes with the passage of the time. Therefore, there is well worth for the research method that pays attention to the "family" discourse, which is used in this paper. This paper analyzes the process of formation of one of the recent national family policy of the Howard Administration, the Stronger Families and Communities Strategy (SFCS) 2000-2004, since the latter half of the 1990s to the early 2000s by the text analysis. It has been some time since the diversity of family has been recognized. From the 1970s through the late 1990s (or the early 2000s), a discourse of family is formulated by the studies of family history that was influenced by feminism and it has been affecting the family policies of the Australian Government. In recent years, the Howard Administration has also been using the word "families", the plural form, to imply diversity of family. At the same time, it is asking for families to be "self-reliant". These two concepts have been linked through the formation of the policy, SFCS 2000-2004, and "families of self-reliance" has been put into effect. On the other hand, it is also said that the Howard Administration is still supporting the modern family as the "ideal" family. Although its discourse of "family" seems to be contradicting, it actually has the consistency as a political strategy of the neo-liberalism which the Howard Administration has been promoting. Here, it is shown that the reasons for this kind of situation are not only the Prime Minister, Mr. Howard's conservative vision of family, but also the "family" discourse that the family history studies formulated and the political correctness that the word "families" obtained as an expression of family. The word "families" is becoming the "mean" of the neo-liberalism and in this context, it is becoming "meaningless".

著者

飯笹 佐代子

出版者

オーストラリア学会

雑誌

オーストラリア研究 (ISSN:09198911)

巻号頁・発行日

no.26, pp.113-115, 2013-03-20