著者

Hidehiko Saito Tadasu K. Yamada Yuko Tajima

出版者

National Museum of Nature and Sciece

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.135-155, 2021-08-20 (Released:2021-08-20)

参考文献数

59

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The right forelimb of a western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) was dissected with particular attention to the motor function of fingers of this species. The anatomical structure of the forearm and hand of our specimen of gorilla is not much different from that of the human. The palmar aponeurosis is absent. Ligamentous fibers, instead, extend to the palm from the flexor retinaculum to form the ligamentous septa along the flexor tendons. The short thumb seems to be carefully calculated to fulfill both roles of locomotion and feeding. The underdeveloped flexor pollicis longus muscle bifurcates from the flexor digitorum profundus muscle of the index finger. The extensor indicis is also underdeveloped; its tendon does not reach the index finger but attaches to the wrist. The extensor apparatus of the fingers composed of both the extrinsic and intrinsic systems is as well developed as in the human hand. During knuckle walking with the metacarpophalangeal joints in extension and the proximal interphalangeal joints in deep flexion, the former joint of each finger seems to be stabilized with integrated functions of the finger extensor, interosseous and lumbrical muscles, and sagittal bands as well as the groove at the metacarpal head. The ulnar antebrachial branch of the median nerve with a fine motor communicating branch from the ulnar nerve innervates the ulnar intrinsic muscles of the hand, which are innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve in the human.

著者

Akihiko Shinohara David R. Smith

出版者

National Museum of Nature and Sciece

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.1-5, 2021-02-22 (Released:2021-02-22)

参考文献数

14

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A xiphydriid woodwasp, Indoxiphia prima Smith, 2019, previously known only from Taiwan, is newly recorded from Ashizuri-misaki (Shikoku), Nakanoshima Island (Tokara Islands) and Amami-oshima Island, southern Japan. Its taxonomic characters are summarized, and the species is compared with some other Japanese xiphydriids. This is one of a few xiphydriid species showing a peculiar distribution pattern confined to southeastern coastal areas in Japan. This distribution pattern may have been formed at least partly as a result of dispersal by marine drift.

著者

Morino Hiroshi

出版者

National Museum of Nature and Science

雑誌

Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.201-205, 2014-11

著者

原 秀穂 篠原 明彦

出版者

国立科学博物館

雑誌

Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Series A Zoology (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.77-94, 2008-06

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The species-group of Arge aenea (Hymenoptera, Argidae) is proposed for three new species from East Asia : A. aenea sp. nov. from Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu), Russia (Khabarovskij Kraj and Primorskij Kraj), Korea and China (Shaanxi Province), A. tuberculata sp. nov. from China (Shaanxi Province) and A. fulvicauda sp. nov. from China (Shaanxi and Sichuan Provinces). This species-group is characterized by the peculiar structure of the seventh and eighth abdominal terga of the males ; the seventh tergum has a small swelling posteromedially and the eighth tergum has a shallow and wide depression at middle. These character states are unique to the three species in the Argidae and support the monophyly of the species-group. Descriptions of the three new species are given. The larva of A. aenea sp. nov. is a leaf-feeder on Betula.