著者

平川 宣幸 矢ノ下 良平 吉井 大 矢野 博子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.130, no.7, pp.971-975, 2010

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&nbsp;&nbsp;Six allergic conjunctivitis patients (12 eyes) and 4 healthy volunteers (8 eyes) were investigated in terms of the effect of cooling sheets on eye itching and tear histamine concentration, before and 5 min after cooling the eyelids with cooling sheets. The severity of itching was evaluated with a five-level itching score. The combination treatment of levocabastine with cooling sheets significantly reduced eye itching, while no significant change in tear histamine concentration was observed before and after cooling sheet use. The cooling sheets are useful for reducing eye itching in the therapy of allergic conjunctivitis. The tear histamine concentration did not correlate with the antiitching effect of cooling sheets in this study.<br>

著者

鈴木 登紀子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.135, no.12, pp.1335-1340, 2015

被引用文献数

3

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&nbsp;&nbsp;Adenosine and its precursors, ATP and ADP, exert various physiological effects <i>via</i> binding to purinergic receptors. We previously used co-immunoprecipitation, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) and immunoelectron microscopy to demonstrate the hetero-oligomerization of purinergic receptor subtypes. Furthermore, pharmacological studies found significant changes in receptor-mediated signaling in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells co-transfected with these receptors. These findings suggest that heterodimers of purinergic receptors may have distinct pharmacological profiles, possibly due to dimerization-induced conformational changes, further suggesting that hetero-dimerization may be employed to &ldquo;fine-tune&rdquo; purinergic receptor signaling. Adenosine A_2A receptor (A_2AR), P2Y₁ receptor (P2Y₁R) and P2Y₁₂ receptor (P2Y₁₂R) are predominantly expressed on human platelets. ADP activates human platelets by stimulating both P2Y₁R and P2Y₁₂R, which act sequentially and in concert to achieve complete platelet aggregation. In contrast, adenosine stimulates Gs-coupled A_2AR, followed by activativation of adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in intracellular cAMP levels, which potently inhibits platelet activation. We examined the hetero-oligomerization and functional interactions of A_2AR, P2Y₁R, and P2Y₁₂R. In HEK293T cells triply expressing all three receptors, hetero-oligomerization was observed among the three receptors. Additionally, P2Y₁R agonist-evoked Ca²⁺ signaling was significantly inhibited by co-treatment with an A_2AR antagonist in HEK293T cells. In human platelets, we identified endogenous A_2AR/P2Y₁R and A_2AR/P2Y₁₂R heterodimers. We also observed functional Ca²⁺-signaling-related cross-talk similar to those found in HEK293T cells, and found that they appeared to affect platelet shape. These results collectively suggest that intermolecular signal transduction and specific conformational changes occur among components of the hetero-oligomers formed by these three receptors.<br>

著者

中瀬(高谷) 朋夏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.11, pp.1195-1199, 2013

被引用文献数

4

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&nbsp;&nbsp;The diabetes patients have been associated with an increased risk of mortality by breast cancer, and there are differences in the regimen choice and effects of breast cancer treatment between the breast cancer patients with diabetes and their nondiabetic counterparts. However, the pathophysiological relationships of diabetes and breast cancer have not yet been elucidated in detail, therefore its evaluation is strongly required to achieve novel treatment strategies for breast cancer with hyperglycemia. Extracellular circumstances of cancer cells can influence the growth and behavior, resulting in invasion, metastasis and tumor development. We demonstrated that breast cancer cells, MCF-7, cultured in hyperglycemic level significantly promotes the motile activity in comparison to normal physiological glucose level. Moreover, Zn²⁺ uptake activity into cellular cytosol and the mRNA expression of zinc transporters, ZIP6 and ZIP10, in the high glucose-exposed cells were shown to be especially higher than in the physiological glucose level. The depletion of intracellular Zn²⁺ by zinc chelation and ZIP6 or ZIP10 knockdown blocked the high migration activity, indicating that Zn²⁺ transported <i>via</i> ZIP6 and ZIP10 plays an essential role in the promotion of cell motility stimulated in high glucose level. These findings provide a proposing target of the novel strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer with hyperglycemia.<br>

著者

榎木 英介

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.4, pp.459-464, 2018

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Cases of research misconduct (fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism) have been increasing worldwide, including in Japan. In particular, since 2006, many cases of research misconduct have been reported in Japan, and these cases have also been covered by the media. The 2014 case of the withdrawal of articles on STAP cells followed a rare course in which research misconduct became a full-blown social phenomenon. In recent years, even the University of Tokyo has experienced reported cases of research misconduct. In this report, I would like to introduce some representative cases of research misconduct in the field of life sciences over the past decade. These examples include studies conducted at Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (2006), Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience (2006), Ryukyu University School of Medicine (2010), Toho University School of Medicine (2012), The University of Tokyo Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences (2013), and several cases outside of Japan. I will discuss what researchers should do to reduce the incidence of research misconduct. In addition, I will discuss how these cases were covered by the media, because the public's impression of research misconduct is formed by media coverage.<br>

著者

津田 恭介 吉田 信一郎 山田 正義 丸谷 吉雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.7, pp.151-152, 1953

著者

落合 英二 小林 五郎 林 英作 野口 雄一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.7-12, pp.78-81, 1953-10-25 (Released:2009-10-22)

参考文献数

5

著者

岸本 桂子 羽坂 亜希子 山浦 克典 福島 紀子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.10, pp.1401-1413, 2016

被引用文献数

3

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&emsp;Pharmacy is required to shift toward human service such as hearing the complaints of health. But the study about help-seeking behavior to pharmacist is not really investigated. We hypothesized that a decrease in expression visibility, due to pharmacists' typical masks, may negatively impact help-seeker' trust in pharmacist. The sample included 100 drugstore customers aged ≥18 years. Participants were stratified by gender and randomly assigned to two groups: evaluation of clear-masked and normal-masked pharmacists. After viewing a video with either male or female pharmacists wearing either clear or normal masks, participants completed a questionnaire. The primary outcome was trust in pharmacist measured by the Trust Scale and the secondary outcome was impression of the pharmacist measured by nineteen pairs of adjectives. There were no differences by gender on trust scores. Results revealed that both male and female pharmacists who wore clear masks were rated as more trustworthy than normal-masked pharmacists (<i>p</i><0.001, d=0.903, and <i>p</i>=0.001, d=0.716, respectively). Sixteen of nineteen adjectives reported for pharmacists wearing normal masks indicated greater negative intention than those with clear masks (d=0.431-1.469). In most cases, among pharmacists wearing clear masks, results showed positive correlations between trust and each impression adjective (r=0.279-0.710). Our findings indicate that pharmacists wearing normal masks, which partially hide facial expressions, may decrease customer's trust in pharmacist. Further, normal masks were associated with negative impression. To avoid the inhibition of help-seek behavior, we recommend that pharmacists wear a clear mask and increase non-verbal communication.<br>