著者

Satoshi Seino Takumi Abe Yu Nofuji Toshiki Hata Shoji Shinkai Akihiko Kitamura Yoshinori Fujiwara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220246, (Released:2022-12-24)

参考文献数

45

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Purpose: Although examining the dose-response curves of physical activity (PA) and sitting time with health-related outcomes is an important research agenda, the results for older Japanese adults are extremely limited. We examined the dose-response associations of PA and sitting time with all-cause mortality among older Japanese.Methods: Initially, 8,069 non-disabled residents (4,073 men; 3,996 women) aged 65–84 years of Ota City, Japan, were recruited. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sitting time were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MVPA and sitting time for all-cause mortality were calculated, and the dose-response curves were examined using restricted cubic splines (RCS).Results: During 4.1 years of follow-up, 458 participants (5.7%; 331 men and 127 women) died. Compared with the low MVPA (<600 metabolic equivalents [METs]·minutes/week) group, HR for mortality gradually reduced in moderate (600–3000 METs·minutes/week) and high (>3000 METs·minutes/week) MVPA groups (moderate: HR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54–0.82; high: HR 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45–0.75; P <0.001 for trend). RCS showed that the HR for mortality reduced linearly up to approximately 2000 METs·minutes/week of MVPA, and maximal risk reduction was seen at approximately 3000–4500 METs·minutes/week of MVPA. No significant dose-response association of sitting time with mortality was observed.Conclusions: Higher MVPA levels reduced all-cause mortality risk, in a significant inverse non-linear dose-response manner. Sitting time was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality. It is important to disseminate the significance of even a slight increase in the MVPA.

著者

Kotaro Ozasa Eric J Grant Kazunori Kodama

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.162-169, 2018-04-05 (Released:2018-04-05)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

1 66

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Cohorts of atomic bomb survivors—including those exposed in utero—and children conceived after parental exposure were established to investigate late health effects of atomic bomb radiation and its transgenerational effects by the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC) in the 1950s. ABCC was reorganized to the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) in 1975, and all work has been continued at RERF. The Life Span Study, the cohort of survivors, consists of about 120,000 subjects and has been followed since 1950. Cohorts of in utero survivors and the survivors’ children include about 3,600 and 77,000 subjects, respectively, and have been followed since 1945. Atomic bomb radiation dose was estimated for each subject based on location at the time of the bombing and shielding conditions from exposure, which were obtained through enormous efforts of investigators and cooperation of subjects. Outcomes include vital status, cause of death, and cancer incidence. In addition, sub-cohorts of these three cohorts were constructed to examine clinical features of late health effects, and the subjects have been invited to periodic health examinations at clinics of ABCC and RERF. They were also asked to donate biosamples for biomedical investigations. Epidemiological studies have observed increased radiation risks for malignant diseases among survivors, including those exposed in utero, and possible risks for some non-cancer diseases. In children of survivors, no increased risks due to parental exposure to radiation have been observed for malignancies or other diseases, but investigations are continuing, as these cohorts are still relatively young.

著者

Keisuke Kuwahara Teppei Imai Toshiaki Miyamoto Takeshi Kochi Masafumi Eguchi Akiko Nishihara Tohru Nakagawa Shuichiro Yamamoto Toru Honda Isamu Kabe Tetsuya Mizoue Seitaro Dohi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20170024, (Released:2018-02-03)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

6

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Background: Evidence linking working hours and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is limited and inconsistent in Asian populations. No study has addressed the combined association of long working hours and sleep deprivation on T2DM risk. We investigated the association of baseline overtime work with T2DM risk and assessed whether sleep duration modified the effect among Japanese.Methods: Participants were Japanese employees (28,489 men and 4,561 women) aged 30–64 years who reported overtime hours and had no history of diabetes at baseline (mostly in 2008). They were followed up until March 2014. New-onset T2DM was identified using subsequent checkup data, including measurement of fasting/random plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and self-report of medical treatment. Hazard ratios (HRs) of T2DM were estimated using Cox regression analysis. The combined association of sleep duration and working hours was examined in a subgroup of workers (n = 27,590).Results: During a mean follow-up period of 4.5 years, 1,975 adults developed T2DM. Overtime work was not materially associated with T2DM risk. In subgroup analysis, however, long working hours combined with insufficient sleep were associated with a significantly higher risk of T2DM (HR 1.42; 95% CI, 1.11–1.83), whereas long working hours with sufficient sleep were not (HR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88–1.11) compared with the reference (<45 hours of overtime with sufficient sleep).Conclusions: Sleep duration modified the association of overtime work with the risk of developing T2DM. Further investigations to elucidate the long-term effect of long working hours on glucose metabolism are warranted.

著者

Tomomi Egawa-Takata Yutaka Ueda Akiko Morimoto Yusuke Tanaka Asami Yagi Yoshito Terai Masahide Ohmichi Tomoyuki Ichimura Toshiyuki Sumi Hiromi Murata Hidetaka Okada Hidekatsu Nakai Masaki Mandai Shinya Matsuzaki Eiji Kobayashi Kiyoshi Yoshino Tadashi Kimura Junko Saito Yumiko Hori Eiichi Morii Tomio Nakayama Mikiko Asai-Sato Etsuko Miyagi Masayuki Sekine Takayuki Enomoto Yorihiko Horikoshi Tetsu Takagi Kentaro Shimura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20160155, (Released:2017-11-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

8

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Background: In Japan, the rate of cervical cancer screening is remarkably low, especially among women in their twenties and thirties, when cervical cancer is now increasing dramatically. The aim of this study was to test whether a modified government reminder for 20-year-old women to engage in cervical cancer screening, acting through maternal education and by asking for a maternal recommendation to the daughter to receive the screening, could increase their participation rate.Methods: In two Japanese cities, 20-year-old girls who had not received their first cervical cancer screening before October of fiscal year 2014 were randomized into two study arms. One group of 1,274 received only a personalized daughter-directed reminder leaflet for cervical cancer screening. In the second group of 1,274, the daughters and their mothers received a combination package containing the same reminder leaflet as did the first group, plus an additional informational leaflet for the mother, which requested that the mother recommend that her daughter undergo cervical cancer screening. The subsequent post-reminder screening rates of these two study arms were compared.Results: The cervical cancer screening rate of 20-year-old women whose mothers received the information leaflet was significantly higher than that for women who received only a leaflet for themselves (11% vs 9%, P = 0.0049).Conclusions: An intervention with mothers, by sending them a cervical cancer information leaflet with a request that they recommend that their daughter receive cervical cancer screening, significantly improved their daughters’ screening rate.

著者

Marco Scala Cristina Bosetti Vincenzo Bagnardi Irene Possenti Claudia Specchia Silvano Gallus Alessandra Lugo

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220206, (Released:2023-03-25)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

4

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BackgroundThe possible association between cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk has been quite controversial.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all available observational studies published on the issue up to January 2020. Random-effects models were used to compute pooled relative risks (RRs) for cigarette smoking status and dose-risk relationships were evaluated using one-stage random-effects dose-response models.ResultsA total of 169 studies were selected, providing a pooled RR for breast cancer of 1.07 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.05-1.10) for current, 1.08 (95% CI 1.06-1.10) for former, and 1.09 (95% CI 1.07-1.11) for ever smokers, compared to never smokers. Results were consistent in case-control and cohort studies. No meaningful differences were observed across strata of most covariates considered, nor according to relevant genetic mutations and polymorphisms (i.e., BRCA mutation, N-acetyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase genotypes, and P53). Breast cancer risk increased linearly with intensity of smoking (RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08-1.16, for 20 and 1.26, 95% CI 1.17-1.36 for 40 cigarettes/day), and with increasing duration of smoking (RR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.08, for 20 and 1.11, 95% CI 1.06-1.16, for 40 years of smoking).ConclusionsThe present large and comprehensive meta-analysis – conducted using an innovative approach for study search – supports the evidence of causal role of tobacco smoking on breast cancer risk.

著者

Han Eol Jeong Hyesung Lee In-Sun Oh Kristian B. Filion Ju-Young Shin

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.82-90, 2023-02-05 (Released:2023-02-05)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Impact of immeasurable time bias (IMTB) is yet to be examined in self-controlled designs.Methods: We conducted case-crossover, case-time-control, and case-case-time-control analyses using Korea’s healthcare database. Two empirical examples among elderly patients were used: 1) benzodiazepines-hip fracture; 2) benzodiazepines-mortality. For cases, the date of hip fracture diagnosis or death was defined as the index date, and the inherited date of their matched cases for controls or future cases. Exposure was assessed in the 1–30 day (hazard) and 61–90 day (control) windows preceding the index date. A non-missing exposure setting included in- and outpatient prescriptions and the pseudo-outpatient setting included only the outpatients. Conditional logistic regression was done to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), where the relative difference in OR among the two settings was calculated to quantify the IMTB.Results: The IMTB had negligible impacts in the hip fracture example in the case-crossover (non-missing exposure setting OR 1.27; 95% CI, 1.12–1.44; pseudo-outpatient setting OR 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06–1.39; magnitude 0.05), case-time-control (OR 1.18; 95% CI, 0.98–1.44; OR 1.13; 95% CI, 0.92–1.38; 0.04, respectively), and case-case-time-control analyses (OR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.80–1.23; OR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.75–1.18; 0.05, respectively). In the mortality example, IMTB had significant impacts in the case-crossover (non-missing exposure setting OR 1.44; 95% CI, 1.36–1.52; pseudo-outpatient setting OR 0.72; 95% CI, 0.67–0.78; magnitude 1.00), case-time-control (OR 1.38; 95% CI, 1.26–1.51; OR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.61–0.76; 1.03, respectively), and case-case-time-control analyses (OR 1.27; 95% CI, 1.15–1.40; OR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.55–0.69; 1.05, respectively).Conclusion: Although IMTB had negligible impacts on the drug’s effect on acute events, as these are unlikely to be accompanied with hospitalizations, it negatively biased the drug’s effect on mortality, an outcome with prodromal phases, in the three self-controlled designs.

著者

Noriko Kojimahara Yong-Han Lee Ae-Kyoung Lee Sanghyuk Bae Ho-Jang Kwon Mina Ha Yasuto Sato Masao Taki J Wiart C.E. Langer Elisabeth Cardis

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230005, (Released:2023-06-17)

参考文献数

29

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Background: This study aimed to examine the association between risk of brain tumors and radiofrequency (RF) exposure from mobile phones among young people in Korea and Japan.Methods: This case-control study of brain tumors in young people was conducted in Korea and Japan under the framework of the international MOBI-Kids study. We included 118 patients diagnosed with brain tumors between 2011 and 2015 and 236 matched appendicitis controls aged 10–24 years. Information on mobile phone use was collected through face-to-face interviews. A detailed RF exposure algorithm, based on the MOBI-Kids algorithm and modified to account for the specificities of Japanese and Korean phones and networks, was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for total cumulative specific energy using conditional logistic regression.Results: The adjusted ORs in the highest tertile of cumulative call time at 1 year before the reference date were 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-3.60) for all brain tumors and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.16-3.03) for gliomas, with no indication of a trend with exposure. The ORs for glioma specifically, were below 1 in the lowest exposure category.Conclusions: This study provided no evidence of a causal association between mobile phone use and risk of brain tumors as a whole or glioma specifically. Further research will be required to evaluate the impact of newer technologies of communication in the future.

著者

Masato Takase Mitsuhiro Yamada Tomohiro Nakamura Naoki Nakaya Mana Kogure Rieko Hatanaka Kumi Nakaya Ippei Chiba Ikumi Kanno Kotaro Nochioka Naho Tsuchiya Takumi Hirata Yohei Hamanaka Junichi Sugawara Tomoko Kobayashi Nobuo Fuse Akira Uruno Eiichi N Kodama Shinichi Kuriyama Ichiro Tsuji Atsushi Hozawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220355, (Released:2023-04-08)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Although fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) affect lung function, FMI and FFMI are not independent of each other since FMI and FFMI were calculated as fat mass and fat-free mass divided by height squared, respectively. We aimed to examine the association of combined FMI and FFMI with lung function.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, lung function was evaluated using forced expiratory volume at 1 s and forced vital capacity was measured using spirometry. Both FMI and FFMI were classified into sex-specific quartiles (16 groups). Analysis of covariance was used to assess the associations of combined FMI and FFMI with lung function. The trend test was conducted by stratifying the FMI and FFMI, scoring the categories from 1–4 (lowest–highest), and entering the number as a continuous term in the regression model.Results: This study included 3,736 men and 8,821 women aged ≥20 years living in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The mean FEV1 (standard deviation) was 3.0 (0.7) L for men and 2.3 (0.5) L for women. The mean FVC was 3.8 (0.7) L for men and 2.8 (0.5) L for women. The FMI was inversely associated with lung function among all FFMI subgroups in both sexes. Conversely, FFMI was positively associated with lung function in all FMI subgroups in both sexes.Conclusions: Higher FMI was associated with lower lung function independent of FFMI; higher FFMI was associated with higher lung function independent of FMI. Reducing FMI and maintaining FFMI might be important for respiratory health.

著者

Kosuke Kiyohara Tomohiko Sakai Chika Nishiyama Tatsuya Nishiuchi Yasuyuki Hayashi Taku Iwami Tetsuhisa Kitamura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.67-74, 2018-02-05 (Released:2018-02-05)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

9 21

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Background: Japanese rice cake (“mochi”) is a major cause of food-choking accidents in Japan. However, the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) due to suffocation caused by rice cakes is poorly understood.Methods: OHCA data from 2005 to 2012 were obtained from the population-based OHCA registry in Osaka Prefecture. Patients aged ≥20 years who experienced OHCA caused by suffocation that occurred before the arrival of emergency-medical-service (EMS) personnel were included. Patient characteristics, prehospital interventions, and outcomes were compared based on the cause of suffocation (rice cake and non-rice-cake). The primary outcome was 1-month survival after OHCA.Results: In total, 46 911 adult OHCAs were observed during the study period. Of the OHCAs, 7.0% (3,294/46,911) were due to suffocation, with choking due to rice cake as the cause in 9.5% of cases (314/3,294), and of these, 24.5% (77/314) occurred during the first 3 days of the New Year. In crude analysis, 1-month survival was 17.2% (54/314) in those with suffocation caused by rice cake and 13.4% (400/2,980) in those with suffocation due to other causes. In the multivariable analysis for all-cause suffocation, younger age, arrest witnessed by bystanders, and earlier EMS response time were significantly related to better 1-month survival.Conclusion: Approximately 10% of OHCAs due to suffocation were caused by rice-cake choking, and 25% of these occurred during the first 3 days of the New Year. Further efforts for establishing preventive measures as well as improving the early recognition of choking and encouraging bystanders to call EMS sooner are needed.

著者

Naoki Kondo Takashi Mizutani Junko Minai Mari Kazama Hisashi Imai Yasuhisa Takeda Zentaro Yamagata

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.6, pp.219-227, 2005 (Released:2005-11-07)

参考文献数

68

被引用文献数

14 20

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BACKGROUND: Disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) data for 47 prefectures in Japan were reported in 1999; however, few studies have identified the factors associated with the length of the DFLE. The objective of this study was to elucidate the primary factors that explain differences in DFLEs in Japan.METHODS: In our ecological study, 47 prefectures in Japan were used as units of analysis. The DFLEs for men and women at 65 years of age (DFLE65), calculated by Hashimoto et al using Sullivan's method, were set as dependent variables. From various national surveys, 181 factors associated with demographics, socioeconomic status, health status and health behaviors, medical environment, social relationships, climate, and other areas were gathered as independent variables. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to screen independent variables potentially associated with the DFLE65s. Then, multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted for the selected 24 independent variables after adjusting for the proportion of older people (65 years or more) and population density.RESULTS: Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that the large number of public health nurses per 100,000 population, a good self-reported health status, and a high proportion of older workers were significantly associated with long DFLE65s for both genders.CONCLUSIONS: These three factors could potentially explain the differences in DFLE of the older population in Japan.J Epidemiol 2005; 15:219-227.

著者

Hidenobu Takami Mariko Nakamoto Hirokazu Uemura Sakurako Katsuura Miwa Yamaguchi Mineyoshi Hiyoshi Fusakazu Sawachika Tomoya Juta Kokichi Arisawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.12-20, 2013-01-05 (Released:2013-01-05)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

58 82

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Background: It is unclear whether consumption of coffee and green tea is associated with metabolic syndrome.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 554 adults who had participated in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Consumption of coffee and green tea was assessed using a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (JASSO). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between consumption of coffee and green tea and prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components.Results: After adjustment for sex, age, and other potential confounders, greater coffee consumption was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III criteria (P for trend = 0.03). Participants who drank more coffee had a lower odds ratio (OR) for high serum triglycerides (P for trend = 0.02), but not for increased waist circumference or high blood pressure. Using JASSO criteria, moderate coffee consumption (1.5 to <3 cups/day) was associated with a significantly lower OR for high plasma glucose (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.93). Green tea consumption was not associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome or any of its components.Conclusions: Coffee consumption was inversely correlated with metabolic syndrome diagnosed using NCEP ATP III criteria, mainly because it was associated with lower serum triglyceride levels. This association highlights the need for further prospective studies of the causality of these relationships.

著者

Takashi Yorifuji Naomi Matsumoto Soshi Takao

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20200492, (Released:2020-10-31)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

11

著者

Yuko Kachi Tsuguhiko Kato Ichiro Kawachi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180216, (Released:2019-03-23)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

7

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Background: Accumulating evidence has shown that high-quality early childhood education and care may be an effective way of promoting children’s optimal health and development, especially for the most disadvantaged. However, socially disadvantaged families are less likely to enroll children in center-based childcare. In this study, we explored characteristics associated with use of center-based childcare among Japanese families.Methods: We used data from two Japanese birth cohorts in 2001 (n=17,019) and 2010 (n=24,333). Enrollment in center-based childcare was assessed at the ages of three and four years in the 2001 cohort and at the age of three in the 2010 cohort. Logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results: Children in the lowest quintile of household income were 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.20-1.98) times more likely to not receive center-based childcare than those in the highest-income quartile at the age of four in the 2001 cohort. Other socio-economic disadvantage (mother’s low education, non-Japanese parent, and higher number of siblings) and child’s health and developmental problems (preterm birth, congenital diseases, and developmental delay) were also associated with the non-use of center-based childcare at the age of three in the 2001 and 2010 cohorts.Conclusions: An inverse care law operates in the use of early childhood education, i.e. children with the least need enjoy the highest access. Children with socio-economic, health, and developmental disadvantages are at a greater risk of not receiving early childhood education and care. Social policies to promote equal access to early childhood education are needed to reduce future socio-economic inequalities.

著者

Takahiro Tabuchi Sho Fujihara Tomohiro Shinozaki Hiroyuki Fukuhara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20170163, (Released:2018-05-19)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

11

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Background: Our objective in this study was to find determinants of high-school dropout in a deprived area of Japan using longitudinal data, including socio-demographic and junior high school-period information.Methods: We followed 695 students who graduated the junior high school located in a deprived area of Japan between 2002 and 2010 for 3 years after graduation (614 students: follow-up rate, 88.3%). Multivariable log-binomial regression models were used to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) for high-school dropout, using multiple imputation (MI) to account for non-response at follow-up.Results: The MI model estimated that 18.7% of students dropped out of high school in approximately 3 years. In the covariates-adjusted model, three factors were significantly associated with high-school dropout: ≥10 days of tardy arrival in junior high school (PR 6.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.69–24.6 for “10–29 days of tardy arrival” and PR 8.01; 95% CI, 2.05–31.3 for “≥30 days of tardy arrival” compared with “0 day of tardy arrival”), daily smoking (PR 2.01; 95% CI, 1.41–2.86) and severe problems, such as abuse and neglect (PR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.16–2.39). Among students with ≥30 days of tardy arrival in addition to daily smoking or experience of severe problems, ≥50% high-school dropout rates were observed.Conclusions: Three determinants of high-school dropout were found: smoking, tardy arrival, and experience of severe problems. These factors were correlated and should be treated as warning signs of complex behavioral and academic problems. Parents, educators, and policy makers should work together to implement effective strategies to prevent school dropout.

著者

Kei Hayashi Ichiro Kawachi Tetsuya Ohira Katsunori Kondo Kokoro Shirai Naoki Kondo

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20150196, (Released:2016-03-12)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

41

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Background: We sought to evaluate the associations between frequency of daily laughter with heart disease and stroke among community-dwelling older Japanese women and men.Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data in 20 934 individuals (10 206 men and 10 728 women) aged 65 years or older, who participated in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study in 2013. In the mail-in survey, participants provided information on daily frequency of laughter, as well as body mass index, demographic and lifestyle factors, and diagnoses of cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and depression.Results: Even after adjustment for hyperlipidemia, hypertension, depression, body mass index, and other risk factors, the prevalence of heart diseases among those who never or almost never laughed was 1.21 (95% CI, −1.03–1.41) times higher than those who reported laughing every day. The adjusted prevalence ratio for stroke was 1.60 (95% CI, 1.24–2.06).Conclusions: Daily frequency of laughter is associated with lower prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. The association could not be explained by confounding factors, such as depressive symptoms.

著者

Hidenobu Takami Mariko Nakamoto Hirokazu Uemura Sakurako Katsuura Miwa Yamaguchi Mineyoshi Hiyoshi Fusakazu Sawachika Tomoya Juta Kokichi Arisawa

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20120053, (Released:2012-10-06)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

23 82 13

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Background: It is unclear whether consumption of coffee and green tea is associated with metabolic syndrome.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 554 adults who had participated in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Consumption of coffee and green tea was assessed using a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (JASSO). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between consumption of coffee and green tea and prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components.Results: After adjustment for sex, age, and other potential confounders, greater coffee consumption was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III criteria (P for trend = 0.03). Participants who drank more coffee had a lower odds ratio (OR) for high serum triglycerides (P for trend = 0.02), but not for increased waist circumference or high blood pressure. Using JASSO criteria, moderate coffee consumption (1.5 to <3 cups/day) was associated with a significantly lower OR for high plasma glucose (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.93). Green tea consumption was not associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome or any of its components.Conclusions: Coffee consumption was inversely correlated with metabolic syndrome diagnosed using NCEP ATP III criteria, mainly because it was associated with lower serum triglyceride levels. This association highlights the need for further prospective studies of the causality of these relationships.

著者

Qiguo Lian Xiayun Zuo Chaohua Lou Ersheng Gao Yan Cheng

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20140084, (Released:2014-11-29)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

2 26

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Purpose: Despite robust empirical and theoretical evidence for higher rates of suicide among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youths, little is known about the relationship between suicide and sexual orientation among Asian youths. This study examined differences in prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts between LGB and heterosexual youths in the cities of Hanoi, Shanghai, and Taipei, China.Methods: The data are from a community-based multi-centre cross-sectional study conducted from 2006 to 2007, with a sample of 17 016 youths aged 15–24 years from Hanoi, Shanghai, and Taipei. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to evaluate correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.Results: The overall prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the preceding 12 months in LGB youths were both higher than in heterosexual youth (12.8% vs. 8.1% and 4.0% vs. 2.4%, respectively). Stratified by city, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was lowest in Hanoi (2.2%), followed by Shanghai (8.0%) and Taipei (17.0%). Similar trends were observed in the prevalence of suicide attempts, which was lowest in Hanoi (0.3%), followed by Shanghai (1.2%) and Taipei (2.5%). Of note, however, multivariate logistic regression results revealed that LGB youth were at a higher risk for suicidal ideation than heterosexual youth only in Taipei (odds ratio 1.65).Conclusions: Suicidality is common among Asian youth, with higher prevalence observed in urbanized cities. LGB youths are at greater risk of suicidal ideation than their heterosexual counterparts in Taipei than in the other two examined cities.

著者

Takumi Imai Takayuki Hosoi Hiroshi Hagino Takanori Yamamoto Tatsuhiko Kuroda Hiroshi Watanabe Shiro Tanaka

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220099, (Released:2022-12-24)

参考文献数

22

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate incidence rates of femoral shaft fracture in patients who were treated with antiresorptive drugs.DesignCohort studyMethodsWe used data from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims of Japan from April 2009 and October 2016. All patients with new use of an antiresorptive drug, prescription-free period of ≥3 months, and no prior femoral fractures were included. Femoral shaft fractures were identified using a validated definition based on ICD-10 codes. Incidence rate ratios were estimated using Poisson regression with adjustment for sex, age, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index.ResultsWe identified 7,958,655 patients (women, 88.4%; age ≥75 years, 51.2%). Femoral shaft fractures were identified in 22,604 patients. Incidence rates per 100,000 person-years was 74.8 for women, 30.1 for men, 30.1 for patients aged ≤64 years, 47.7 for patients aged 65–74 years, and 99.0 for patients aged ≥75 years. Adjusted incidence rate ratios in patients taking versus not taking each type of antiresorptive drug were 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98–1.03) for bisphosphonates, 0.46 (95% CI, 0.44–0.48) for selective estrogen receptor modulators, 0.24 (95% CI, 0.18–0.32) for estrogens, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71–0.79) for calcitonins, and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.84–1.03) for denosumab. The adjusted incidence rate ratio for alendronate was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.14–1.22).ConclusionsThe incidence rates of femoral shaft fracture varied across patients treated with different antiresorptive drugs. Further research on a specific antiresorptive drug can increase understanding of the risk of femoral shaft fracture

著者

Masao Ichikawa Haruhiko Inada Kota Katanoda Shinji Nakahara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220054, (Released:2022-08-13)

参考文献数

16

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Background: Since 2011, commercial truck drivers have been required to take alcohol breath tests at the beginning and end of their working hours due to their employers’ legal obligations. However, non-commercial truck drivers are not required to do so. We examined whether alcohol-related crashes had decreased after 2011 among commercial truck drivers.Methods: Using police data, we conducted a joinpoint regression analysis to examine the trend in the proportion of alcohol-related crashes from 1995 to 2020 caused by commercial truck drivers (who were subjected to alcohol breath testing) and non-commercial truck drivers (who were not subjected to testing). The annual percentage change in this trend was also estimated.Results: During the 26-year study period, truck drivers caused 1,846,321 at-fault crashes, and 0.4% of the crashes involved intoxicated driving. A significant decreasing trend in the proportion of alcohol-related crashes was identified among both commercial and non-commercial truck drivers in the 2000s, during which several legal amendments were made against drunk driving. The annual percentage change was –13.5% from 2001 to 2012 among commercial truck drivers, and –14.9% from 2001 to 2011 among non-commercial truck drivers. No decreasing trend was observed afterwards, despite the introduction of mandatory alcohol breath testing in 2011.Conclusions: The effect of mandatory alcohol breath testing on reducing alcohol-related crashes among commercial truck drivers was not evident.

著者

Satoshi Kutsuna Hiroyuki Ohbe Naoki Kanda Hiroki Matsui Hideo Yasunaga

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230178, (Released:2023-12-16)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Legionella pneumonia, a severe form of pneumonia, is caused by Legionella bacteria. The epidemiology of Legionnaires' disease in Japan, including seasonal trends, risk factors for severe disease, and fatality rates, is unclear. This study examined the epidemiology of Legionella pneumonia in Japan.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included data of adult patients hospitalized for Legionella pneumonia (identified using the ICD-10 code, A481) in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database, from April 2011 to March 2021. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to explore the prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality.Results: Of 7370 enrolled hospitalized patients from 1140 hospitals (male, 84.4%; aged >50 years, 87.9%), 469 (6.4%) died during hospitalization. The number of hospitalized patients increased yearly, from 658 in 2016 to 975 in 2020. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that higher in-hospital mortality was associated with older age, male sex, lower body mass index, worsened level of consciousness, comorbidities (congestive heart failure, chronic renal diseases, and metastasis), hospitalization from November to May, and ambulance use. However, lower in-hospital mortality was associated with comorbidity (liver diseases), hospitalization after 2013, and hospitalization in hospitals with higher case volume.Conclusions: The characterized epidemiology of Legionella pneumonia in Japan revealed a high mortality rate of 6.4%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a higher mortality rate in winter and in patients with congestive heart failure and metastasis. Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay between the prognostic factors of Legionella pneumonia.