著者

根岸 可奈子

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.137-147, 2018 (Released:2019-04-01)

参考文献数

34

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This study investigates the significance of codes of conduct in corporate social responsibility (CSR). In particular, it focuses on the United Nations Global Compact (hereinafter referred to as UN Global Compact), the world’s largest initiative for sustainability. Although there are sometimes conflicts between firms, international organisations, and non-governmental organisations (NGO) due to the behaviour of firms from developed countries in developing countries, the relationship between firms and such organisations has partially changed in the global context. Firms have adopted voluntary codes of conduct for their CSR management drafted by international institutions and/or NGOs like the United Nations, International Standard Organization (ISO) and Global Reporting Initiative. Not only do firms adopt the codes and/or guidelines provided by these organisations, but they can also participate in the redaction process for each of these codes and work with other stakeholders to seek solutions regarding their CSR issues. Moreover, these codes have been constructed as part of the management environment in CSR, which is one of the most important agendas for firms with respect to their international management. Therefore, it is believed that firms need to actively participate in the new environment-making process. A lot of literature focuses on the positive side of the adaptation of codes. However, there are also negative sides to all of this, such as some firms being delisted because they fail to implement the guidelines requested by the UN Global Compact. Using the data of delisted participants, this study sheds light on features of Japanese firms through a comparative study. Japanese companies tend not to participate in the dialogue and projects, but most of them choose to not participate once they started participating, whereas many small and medium-sized enterprises tend to withdraw from the UN Global Compact.

著者

李 美善

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.81-90, 2010 (Released:2018-09-01)

参考文献数

12

著者

全 洪霞

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.95-107, 2018 (Released:2019-04-01)

参考文献数

18

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Huawei (i.e. Huawei Technology Co., Ltd.), a leading ICT (Information Communication Technology) company in China, has many aspects that have not been disclosed due to its rapid growth and its name recognition. This paper aims to draw attention to Huawei’s Employee Stock Ownership Plan which is a feature of the company, in order to draw out its development stages and to organize the knowledge derived from it. First, this paper starts with depicting the appearance of Huawei’s Employee Stock Ownership Plan based on matters extracted from published materials such as annual reports, books, websites, news reports, etc. Through this work, the author purposes a hypothesis on what kind of change has occurred in Huawei's founder who introduced Employee Stock Ownership Plan with intention. Next, the author conducts interviews with employees. By doing so, the author clarifies the history of Huawei’s reconstructed Employee Stock Ownership Plan based on collected notes. The reason for combining published data and data from interviews is to capture the situation close to reality. In conclusion, in this paper derives the following points. Initially, Huawei introduced the Employee Stock Ownership Plan primarily for the purpose of raising funds, but then led to the Employee Stock Ownership Plan for the purpose of holding excellent talents in their company. Specifically, the plan and facts have changed into four stages. In other words, while maintaining the formal continuity of the Employee Stock Ownership Plan, the plan has a substantial discontinuity from funding purpose to human resources objective. Now the plan selects only those who are“ excellent companion” instead of treating“ everyone as a companion”. It is noteworthy that this transition indicates that Huawei has become a typical result-oriented company.

著者

遠藤 敏幸

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.161-169, 2008 (Released:2019-01-01)

参考文献数

11

著者

廣畑 伸雄

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.33-43, 2016 (Released:2017-03-31)

参考文献数

6

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The financial sector of Cambodia has been rapidly expanding as the continuous economic growth since the middle of 1990s. Under this background, the number of microfinance institutions has been increasing, and their business activities including deposits and loans have been expanding. The microfinance institutions in Cambodia are able to be categorized into three types in terms of the business scales of institutions and the main purpose of them. 1) 39 registered microfinance institutions including 7 deposit–taking institutions are relatively large, and mainly focus on the profitability of themselves other than the poverty reduction of the people, 2) approximately 60 non-registered NGOs are relatively small and mainly focus on the poverty reduction, and 3) 38 registered NGOs are in the middle of them. The interest rate of loans of microfinance institutions has been decreasing since the middle of 2000s as the result of the severe competition among them. However, the profit rates of registered microfinance institutions are still high. The rates of non-performing loans of registered microfinance institutions are very low. Under these business conditions, 7 deposit-taking microfinance institutions try to expand their overall business for transforming their business status from the microfinance institutions to the banks. On the other hand, most of other microfinance institutions try to seek their targeting business segments because of the lack of the funds.

著者

中川 圭輔

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.107-118, 2023 (Released:2023-11-03)

参考文献数

32

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The purpose of this study was to clarify various characteristics of business ethics awareness in North Korea. As its research method, the study reviewed previous research to examine the approximate flow of the Socialist Corporate Responsibility Management System, from its introduction to its implementation, and the contents of the Enterprise Act in North Korea. The study then explored the characteristics of morals in North Korea by focusing on several videos from the “Let’s eliminate this kind of phenomenon” series on Korean Central Television(KCTV). The study revealed the following four characteristics of business ethics awareness in North Korea.(1)Executives must have responsibilities and morals in an organization; however, the opinions of subordinates are disregarded, while the excessive flattering of superiors is criticized implicitly.(2)The collectivist spirit of “one for all, all for one” is the basic principle of socialist ethics in life, which is related to communist morality in some way.(3)Various new programs appear to have raised public consciousness of environmental conservation and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs), helping to strengthen awareness.(4)While the Chollima Movement, speed battles(Sokdochun), and self-reliance(Jaryeokgaengsaeng)have persevered with granting greater autonomy to business, various indications persist of an unchanging and firm adherence to the socialist system.

著者

金 恵珍

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.153-162, 2009 (Released:2019-01-01)

参考文献数

20

著者

中村 彰憲

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.17-30, 2016 (Released:2017-03-31)

参考文献数

27

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The Digital Game Industry has experienced a tremendous growth in the past 15 years as it became one of the largest industrial sectors in the realm of Cultural and Entertainment Industry in the People’s Republic of China. Using the case study method, the present paper examines how China’s digital game industry has emerged and developed. Four examples are discussed which range from service adaptation,technical innovation, platform strategy implementation, and in the systematic transfer of a certain content model to a different program. The results seem to indicate adopting key services to existing environment specific to China is vital in gaining competitive advantages.

著者

洪 性奉

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.179-193, 2017 (Released:2018-01-01)

参考文献数

46

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In recent years, India has a big inflection point for the next growth due to reasons of expansion of personal consumption by improving income level, increase in young people in India and consumption behavior and reasons such as business opportunities in rural market. In this paper, I have taken up the India consumer electronics market, which has achieved rapid growth, and theoretically and empirically examined the competitive strategies of multinational corporations, which have advanced into said market from the point of view of multinational corporation theory. I have expounded upon various strategic activities centrally including the market entry strategy conducted by LG Electronics India Pvt. Ltd., Samsung India Electronics Pvt. Ltd. and other consumer electronics makers. The localization strategies of multinational corporations include many multidimensional factors. Companies that are considering business in India or companies that want to expand their positioning maps from now on are most important to determine the positioning of the company in the long term after understanding the multidimensional concept of the Indian market

著者

辻塚 秀幸

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.31-43, 2023 (Released:2023-11-03)

参考文献数

45

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This study analyses two challenges on industrial relations in Brunei Darussalam, from the point of the promotion of the ILO declaration on fundamental principles and rights at work, implying human rights due diligence. Although previous research has shown the challenges for the promotion of the declaration in most ASEAN countries, there is not enough academic research focusing on Brunei. This study clarifies two challenges - the power of existing workers’ organizations is very weak, and some legal frameworks restrict setting up new workers’ organizations and their activities - for the promotion of the declaration, in particular freedom of association and the right of collective bargaining. This study mainly uses materials issued by Brunei’s government and information produced by international organizations such as the ILO. Additionally, as an implication from the point of human rights due diligence, this study points out that Brunei is in experiencing a trade-off between economy and politics. On the one hand, economic diversification is an urgent issue in Brunei, and existing and new businesses need to conduct human rights due diligence. In particular they need to show the involvement of workers’ organization, in this process of the due diligence, as a part of the global supply chain. On the other hand, because of the two challenges which are related to Brunei’s political system, it is difficult to ensure the involvement of workers’ organizations.

著者

岩田 知子

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.17-30, 2023 (Released:2023-11-03)

参考文献数

18

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In recent years, a number of Japanese drugstore companies have expanded their operations overseas. These firms are mainly targeting other Asian countries. Under this circumstance, global innovation has been attracting attention to build a competitive advantage in the Asian market. On the other hand, prior research on global innovation has focused mainly on manufacturing firms, and there have been few studies targeting service firms. Among them, few studies have focused on global innovation in the overseas subsidiaries of drugstores, which have been gaining importance in recent years. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the process of the overseas subsidiaries of drugstores using the absorptive capacity(ACAP)theory, which has been widely used to explain the innovation process of companies. The analysis reveals that the overseas subsidiaries of drugstores create new knowledge and innovations by acquiring knowledge from diverse sources including the parent company and the local environment, and by integrating these knowledge sources. In addition, this study confirmed the influence of social integration mechanisms and feedback loops among the factors that have been mentioned in previous studies such as Todorova & Durisin(2007)as factors that promote ACAP. Furthermore, autonomy of foreign subsidiaries from their home parent companies was newly added to the ACAP model as an influence factor specific to multinational firms. By empirically analyzing the case of the drugstore’s overseas subsidiary and developing an ACAP model suitable for analyzing the overseas operations of service companies, this study contributes to the development of this field.

著者

王 珊

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.103-115, 2016 (Released:2017-03-31)

参考文献数

43

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In the automobile industry, the Japanese supplier system has been evaluated as one of the crucial factors which support the growth of the industry in history. Regarding the previous research of automotive parts suppliers, “Drawings supplied” and “Drawings Approved” features are recognized as one of standard methods which are used to evaluate the technological capability of suppliers. However, accompanied with the technological progresses, the advanced development phase for both auto-makers and their suppliers is becoming to be considered more and more important, and this phase is implemented ahead of yielding “the drawings”. Moreover, the supplier engaged in the advanced development phase may not be properly assessed based on the previous research. Thus, it is worth discussing the relationship between auto-makers and their suppliers on which focus the advanced development phase. This thesis uses the case study of Denso Germany and Denso Japan which present the No.1 Japanese automotive supplier, to analyze the contribution of Japanese supplier in the advanced development phase by transaction governance theory framework. In addition, it suggests the two possibilities for Japanese suppliers with plans to expand their business in China.

著者

中川 圭輔

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.199-212, 2018 (Released:2019-04-01)

参考文献数

42

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In Korea, it sometimes happens that the individual who should take responsibility in the face of an accident is too easily able to neglect his duty, as exemplified by cases such as scandals arising from cosy relations between the government of the day and chaebols, or the captain of a ship or conductor being able to retreat from the location of an accident. Why do they act with such selfishness? This study focuses on a selection of Korean occupational ethics in the context of the identification system and Confucianism of the Li dynasty. The points clarified in this paper are as follows. Merchants and craftworkers established their own occupational ethics despite the Yangban’s disdain for them from the point of view of the identification system and Confucianism. The problem is that occupational ethics could not be established among the Yangban. In addition, there is the effect of the absence of Yangbando (similar to Bushido) leading to a lack of awareness of job responsibility. It is essential for the top of the organisation to (1) respect the work of merchants and craftworkers, (2) reeducate the‘nobles oblige’ and (3) revive an ethical spirit like the Seonbi spirit that once existed in Korea.

著者

王 珊

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.17-29, 2017 (Released:2018-01-01)

参考文献数

55

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In recent years, early involvement in advanced engineering has become increasingly important for automotive suppliers. A supplier engaged in advanced engineering affects development competition and has a higher probability of being selected as the mass production supplier. Therefore, global suppliers are encouraged to engage in the advanced engineering phase. However, suppliers have their own individual strategic methods of approaching automotive OEMs. The Korean market is a strategic target for global suppliers. The Korean OEM, Hyundai Motor Company (HMC) is widely regarded as a late starter. It has grown rapidly and it recently achieved the fifth position in the global vehicle sales world ranking for Global OEMs. The HMC headquarters are the centralized authority for R&D as well as for mass production. Thus, in obtaining business with HMC, approaching the headquarters is particularly crucial. On the other hand, HMC needs global suppliers’ development capability to improve quality and reduce cost. However, the supplier’s attitude determines whether the know-how can be transferred to HMC. This study uses the transaction between Denso and HMC as a case study, and observes how Denso engages in HMC’s advanced engineering phase and influences the mass production supplier selection processes later. Using transaction governance theory, this study discusses the effects of raising quality, reducing production cost, and controlling opportunism through early supplier involvement in advanced engineering. This research model would be a useful reference for observing the level of development and prospecting in developing countries’ OEMs.

著者

中村 隆

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:13412205)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.137-150, 2015

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One of the most important requirements, on a maker's side, for maintaining and strengthening the competitiveness of their product in emerging markets is that the maker should be able to make a wide range of satisfactory responses to their users' diversifying needs. For finely satisfying their users' diversifying needs, the customizability of their product is really important. Such customizability of a product complements its own ability to meet the users' needs. On the other hand, in good response to users' needs for being able to use a durable consumer product in a long term, after-sales service (such as repairs) by a maker and/or its affiliate as well as the quality and durability of their product itself are also essential requirements. Such customization and after-sales repairing are supposedly performed by product makers, but many cases of them in emerging markets are uniquely performed by other enterprises than such makers. This system is defined as After-Market. Its role is thought to help a product remain competitive and become more competitive in emerging markets. This paper examines an actual case of the abovementioned requirements. The author made researches on, for analytical purpose, country-tailored models of Honda's Super Cub sold and used in Vietnam and Cambodia, both of which are emerging economies. As a result, it has been found out that Super Cub is well-designed and structured for easy customization and repairs. Also it has been found that the existence of After Market associated with such customization and repairs of Super Cub models is one of the essential factors contributing to the strong competitiveness of Super Cub in such emerging countries.

著者

李 澤建

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.269-282, 2008 (Released:2019-01-01)

参考文献数

15

著者

岩本 敏裕

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.121-130, 2009 (Released:2019-01-01)

参考文献数

21

著者

佐伯 靖雄

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.45-57, 2017 (Released:2018-01-01)

参考文献数

14

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In this paper, we describe a key strategy of local procurement for Japanese auto parts suppliers and discuss future story of that. The conclusions are below. Firstly, nowadays the key strategy of J-suppliers is given by themselves, not by their customers. They are going to construct competitiveness, mainly focused on COST, for their own subsidiaries. The figure of local content just indicates consequent of pursuing its strategy. Secondary, the concept of local content has changed recently. The more significant index is intraregional procurement compared to traditional local content. Moreover, we proposed that J-suppliers should increase business with regional enterprises than present days if they maintain a prosperity.

著者

荒井 久夫

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.81-90, 2009 (Released:2019-01-01)

参考文献数

16

著者

中原 裕美子

出版者

アジア経営学会

雑誌

アジア経営研究 (ISSN:24242284)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.39-51, 2022 (Released:2023-04-08)

参考文献数

42

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In this paper, we analyze the transformation of vertical division of labor in the semiconductor industry. In the semiconductor industry, the vertical division of labor has progressed due to the emergence of a business model called foundries which specializes in contract production that could be described as “disruptive innovation” in the 1980s. Then, under the COVID-19, as the demand for semiconductors has increased and the semiconductors became in short, TSMC has attracted increasing attention as a key player in the supply of semiconductors in the world. This situation is no longer something like “suppliers from late industrialized countries grow up in the vertical division of labor governed by companies in developed countries,” as the Global Value Chain theory or the Global Production Network theory described. In the divides, the form of vertical division of labor is shifting to a new phase where the supplier holds the casting boat. This is the first aspect of the transformation of the vertical division of labor in the semiconductor industry. Moreover, developed countries such as the United States and Japan, where vertically integrated semiconductor companies once prospered, are eager to attract TSMC factories in order to incorporate semiconductor production bases into their own countries. That is, the vertical division of labor, which was in the form of “a company in a developed country consigns production to a supplier located in a low-cost late developed country,” has changed to a phenomenon in which a supplier in the late developed country has a production base in a developed country at the request of a developed country. This is the second aspect of the transformation of the vertical division of labor in the semiconductor industry.