著者
山本 伸次 徐 向珍 〓 〓〓
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.121, no.1, pp.161-167, 2012-02-25 (Released:2012-03-05)
参考文献数
44
被引用文献数
1

ルオブサオフィオライトに産するポディフォームクロミタイトからは,これまで数多くの“異常な”鉱物が見いだされている。それらは,マイクロダイヤモンドを含む種々の超高圧鉱物や,金属相などの還元的鉱物,そしてクロマイト中におけるディオプサイドやコーズ石などの異常な珪酸塩離溶相などである。これらの鉱物学的証拠は,本ポディフォームクロミタイト岩体が超深部マントル(おそらく380km以深)由来であることを強く示唆する。したがって,ルオブサオフィオライトにおけるポディフォームクロミタイトは,これまで手の届かなかった深部マントルに関する重要な知見をもたらすであろう。
著者
マーガレット ウッド
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.121, no.1, pp.168-180, 2012-02-25 (Released:2012-03-05)
参考文献数
27
被引用文献数
3 6

基質に混在した岩塊を含む「メランジュ」を,グリーンリー(1919)が世界ではじめてアングルシーで記載した。それ以来,この地はメランジュの模式地となった。アングルシー島の大部分およびスリン半島西部は先カンブリア紀後期からカンブリア紀のモナ複合岩体から構成され,欧州に産する低変成度付加型造山帯の最良の例を提示している。これらの岩石は,現在の太平洋西部のプレート沈み込み帯上の前弧域に比較される場で付加した構造的な地質体であり,ゆえに海洋プレート層序をもつことを特徴とする。本稿は,モナ複合岩体およびそのメランジュの形成史に関する解釈が,過去200年間にどのように変化したのかについて記述する。さらに同メランジュがもつ多様性,また古期生命との関連についても議論する。
著者
目代 邦康
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.120, no.5, pp.803-818, 2011-10-25 (Released:2012-01-17)
参考文献数
126
被引用文献数
3 5

Geoconservation for geographical and geological phenomena is the most important concept associated with a geopark scheme. However, there is not enough discussion on geopark activities in Japan. Japanese Earth scientists have acted individually to conserve the natural environment, but large-scale conservation projects have not been carried out as activities of research organizations of academic societies. One of the contributions the Earth sciences have made to society is to report the scientific value of regional natural environments. Japanese Earth scientists should make detailed inventories of landforms, strata, and soil and evaluate them. Earth scientists will be able to contribute to conserving nature and sustainable development of regions through these activities. The RIGS system of the United Kingdom is a good model.
著者
苅谷 愛彦 松永 祐 宮澤 洋介 小森 次郎 石井 正樹 佐藤 剛
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.117, no.5, pp.870-877, 2008-10-25 (Released:2010-04-27)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
1

The Daisekkei Valley (1600-2300 m ASL) is a late Pleistocene glaciated trough in the northern Japanese Alps, and its attractive landscape has enchanted many climbers. Even today, there is a late-lying snowpatch 2 km long at the bottom of the valley in midsummer. Unique natural conditions in and around the Daisekkei Valley (e.g., Quaternary rapid uplift, complex geology, humid climates, sparse vegetation cover) have been responsible for the occurrence of various geomorphic changes that threaten climbers. This study, using an image data-logger capable of capturing a JPG image with a fixed time-interval in the summer of 2007 reveals supranival debris movements, micro-weather conditions and the behavior of climbers in the Daisekkei Valley. Analysis of captured images indicates that the daily numbers of dangerous supranival debris movements gradually decreased from early June to early August and supranival debris movements were caused by rock fragments moving in from valley walls or tributaries to the snowpatch, as well as posture changes of rock fragments on the snow surface with rapid ablation. Besides, image-inspection allows us to consider the relationships among climber traffic, micro-weather, and holiday almanac. Using an image data-logger for monitoring geomorphic changes is considered to be effective for analyzing alpine environments.
著者
小森 次郎 ツェリン プンツォ
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.119, no.3, pp.iii, 2010-06-25 (Released:2010-08-30)
参考文献数
1
被引用文献数
1 1

2009年4月29日,ブータン中部を南流するPho Chhu(Chhuは川の意味)右岸のTshojo(チョゾ)氷河から融氷水の急激な流出(以下では「異常出水」とする)が発生した.これによる被害は特に無かったが,氷河末端から70km下流の町トンサでは1994年に別の氷河からの氷河湖決壊洪水を経験しており,今回の異常出水でも住民が避難する騒ぎとなった.ここでは現地の写真と衛星画像をもとに概略を紹介する.
著者
下條 将徳 大藤 茂 柳井 修一 平田 岳史 丸山 茂徳
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.119, no.2, pp.257-269, 2010-04-25 (Released:2010-07-06)
参考文献数
32
被引用文献数
32 43

The Japanese Islands have grown through the formation of igneous rocks and accretionary prism caused by subduction of oceanic plates. However, the timing of the initiation of the subduction is not well defined. The South Kitakami Belt (SKB) in NE Japan is the best field to solve this problem. Here, basement igneous rocks are covered by successions of Ordovician to Early Cretaceous beds (450-100 Ma). We obtained LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages from the following localities. Along the Yakushigawa-Valley section in the northeastern part of the SKB, we examined the ages of (1) trondhjemite of the Kagura Complex of basement igneous rocks, (2) felsic tuff of the Koguro Formation conformably covering the Kagura Complex, and (3) Yakushigawa Formation covering the Koguro Formation and lying under the Silurian Odagoe Formation. In the Ohasama area in the northwestern part of the SKB, we examined the age of (4) Nameirizawa Formation, which probably lies below the Silurian Orikabetoge Formation. Moreover, we examined the ages of four samples from the Hikami Granite body in the central part of the SKB. The ages of trondhjemite (08331-5: 466±6 Ma) of the Kagura Complex and felsic tuff (08331-4b: 457±10 Ma) of the Koguro Formation indicate that the subduction of an oceanic plate had already started at 466 Ma, and that the Koguro Formation is the oldest age-known formation of the SKB. The tuffaceous sandstone of the Yakushigawa Formation (08331-3) has detrital zircons with the youngest age cluster of around 425 Ma, and is probably a Silurian formation. The tuffaceous sandstone of the Nameirizawa Formation (08331-9) has detrital zircons with the youngest age cluster of around 430 Ma. The formation is probably a Silurian formation and is correlated with the Yakushigawa Formation. Precise ages of around 412 Ma were obtained from the Hikamiyama body of the Hikami Granitic Rocks (08330-1,-3,-4), clearly suggesting that at least some parts of the body are not pre-Silurian basement.
著者
奥貫 圭一
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.117, no.2, pp.324-340, 2008-04-25 (Released:2010-06-02)
参考文献数
48
被引用文献数
3 2 2

This paper discusses spatial analysis and applicable tools available in GIS environments. Since the 1990s, organizations conducting research in the field of Geographic Information Science (GISci) have been developing software packages and extension toolboxes for spatial analysis. Many researchers dealing with spatial phenomena have little knowledge of the wide selection of GISci applications that can be applied to spatial analysis in their research. They can benefit from information and direction on valuable computational resources that can be applied to their specific research problems. FreeSAT, an online portal, has been constructed to provide researchers with information on spatial analysis tools. The FreeSAT website provides links to a wide variety of spatial analysis tools and information on specific research problems to which these tools can be applied. This paper also discusses various computational methods for spatial analysis, such as the nearest neighbor distance, K-function, Voronoi's tessellation, and Huff-based marketing methods, which are all found at the FreeSAT site. It also provides detailed discussions on the application of Spatial Data Analysis Machine (SDAM) and Spatial Analysis on a NETwork (SANET) toolboxes to spatial analysis. While most toolboxes of this type are developed by organizations in the United States or Europe, both SDAM and SANET were developed by organizations in Japan.