著者

大西 近江

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

The Japanese journal of genetics (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.4, pp.303-316, 1993-08-25

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

4 20

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Allozyme variability at 19 loci affecting 12 enzymes was analyzed electrophoretically in 21 populations from Europe and six populations from the silk road. Most of the populations were polymorphic at seven loci, <i>Dia-2</i>, <i>Got-2</i>, <i>Mdh-1</i>, <i>Mdh-3</i>, <i>Pgm-1</i>, <i>Pgm-2</i> and <i>Sdh-1</i>. As compared with Chinese populations, European populations have completely lost variability at <i>Adh</i> and <i>6-Pgdh-1.</i> Populations from southern Europe have less variability than those from other parts of Europe. They have lost variability at <i>Pgm-2</i> and have a greatly reduced frequency of the F allele at <i>Mdh-1</i>; occasionally, however, they show an increase in the frequency of the U allele at the <i>Got-2 </i>locus. Southern European populations show an increase in the <i>det</i> allele and in grey colored varieties. As a group, European populations show the smallest genetic distance with populations from the silk road and northern China. Combining these genetic findings with written documents and archeological evidence, I conclude that European buckwheat came from northern China via the silk road, and that it changed in many respects within the last 500 years.<br>

著者

榎本 中衞

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝學雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.49-72, 1929

被引用文献数

4

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(1) 茨城縣農事試驗場に於て甞て水稻糯品種「愛國糯」に年々少數宛の粳粒を混生する事實あり。著者は其材料の一部を得て系統栽培を行ひ次に示す事實を確めたり。<br>(a) 前記材料水稻品種愛國糯は年々少數宛の粳粒を混生す。其歩合は 1926-0.67%, 1927-0.16%, 1928-0.29%, 合計-0.44%なり。而して此突變粳の發現歩合は系統に依りて著しき變異を示し (合計M&plusmn;&sigma;=1.01&plusmn;1.86) 不稔程度高き系統に於て寧ろ發現歩合高き傾向を示したり。<br>(b) 突變粳合計180粒に就て試驗せるに、すべて其翌代に於ては粳糯に分裂し其比は大約 3:1 に近し(糯歩合24.20%, D/P.E. 25%として2.76, 24%として0.69)。即ち突變粳は粳糯性につきてヘテロ状態にあり、且粳は糯に對して優性なるを示す。<br>(c) 突變粳の翌代の粳粒につき其次代を檢したる結果粳糯分裂系統と粳固定系統との割合は大約2:1に近し、(粳固定系統歩合31.56%, 理論歩合34%としてD/P.E.=0.89)<br>(d) 分裂系統に於ける粳糯分裂比は、其偏差を考ふるときは正しく3:1ならずして極少量の偏差を示す。即ち糯歩合を25%とするときはD/P.E=10.58にして偏差著しく大なるに反し之を24%とするときD/P.E=2.25にして偏差小なり。然るに前記分裂比は系統に依りて著しき變異を示し糯粒歩合を24%とするも尚偏差著しく大なる系統あり。<br>(e) 突變粳より生じたる粳固定系統に於ては糯粒を生ずることなし。即ち此場合に於ては逆轉化(Reversion)の現象を認めず。<br>(f) 1928年糯系統植物の花粉につき沃度反應に依りて花粉澱粉の粳糯性を檢したり。其結果愛國糯には約0.104%の粳花粉を混生することを認めたり(60頁附圖參照)。<br>(2) 上記の實驗結果に依れば、愛國糯に於て粳粒を混生するは、粳糯性を支配する遺傳因子(粳をGとし糯をgとす)に於て常に少數%のg&rarr;Gなる因子突然變異起るに依る。<br>(3) 此場合に於ける突然變異は恐らく配偶子形成のときに現はるものなるべし。如何と衣れば營養組織の細胞分裂のとき起るものとせば糯植物並にヘテロ粳植物の兩者に於ける粳粒の分布こ就き所謂モザイツクのもの存すべし。然るに本實驗の範圍内に於ては未だかくの如きモザイツク状植物を發見せられず。<br>(4) 配偶子に於ける粳粒歩合(<i>x</i>) (即ち突然變異歩合) を基礎とし之を實驗價0.10% となし、(1) 接合子に於ける粳粒發現歩合(2) 同上ホモ粳粒歩合、(3) 粳糯分裂比(4) 分裂系統と粳固定系統の割合等を計算したり。此數値は1928年に於ける實驗結果と可成よく一致せり。(63頁 參照)。<br>(5) 粳糯分裂比に於ける糯粒の不足は前記の如きg&rarr;Gなる優性因子突然變異に依つて當然起るべく、且此場合糯粒の著しく不足するものは不稔程度高き系統なるは恰も突變粳の發現歩合が不稔程度高き系統に多き傾向を示す事實と一致するものなり。即ち粳粒の發現歩合引いては粳糯分裂比に於ける糯の不足は共に不稔程度と關係するものゝ如し。然れども粳糯分裂比に於て系統に依り糯歩合の過多なる場合あり、此等は前記の突然變異を以て説明する能はず他に何等か粳糯分裂比を亂す原因の存在することを示すものなるべし。

著者

塩田 義蔵

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.248-252, 1962 (Released:2007-05-21)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

1

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1951年から1960年にわたる10年間, 異なった種類の組合せ(銀黒×銀黒, プラチナ×プラチナ,銀黒×プラチナ)についてそれぞれ10組の交配を行ない, その産児の litter size, 性比および毛色の分離を調査した。その結果は第1~4表と第1図に要約される。プラチナ形質は銀黒に対して優性でプラチナ遺伝子をホモにもつと致死作用を現わし, プラチナ狐はその遺伝子に関して常にヘテロの状熊にある。従ってプラチナ相互の交配による産児の表現は銀黒とプラチナに分離しその割合は 1:2となる。litter size は毛色の組合せによって異なり, 銀黒×プラチナでは銀黒相互交配の場合よりかなり小さく, むしろプラチナ相互交配の litter size に近い値を示した。このことより銀黒狐に対してプラチナ狐を配すると, より多くの虚弱胎児をもつことが想像され, それにはプラチナ親の生殖細胞かプラチナ遺伝子ヘテロの胎児に原因があるように思われる。産児の性比はいずれの場合も正常で, 銀黒およびプラチナ形質は常染色体性の遺伝をなすものと考えられる。

著者

近藤 宗平 野村 大成 梁 治子

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.3, pp.p321-336, 1982-06

著者

野口 彌吉 菅原 友太

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝學雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.117-118, 1942

著者

野口 彌吉

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝學雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.106-107, 1943

被引用文献数

1

著者

古川 貴久 小早川 義尚 田村 公実子 木村 賢一 川市 正史 谷村 禎一 本庶 佑

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

The Japanese journal of genetics (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.4, pp.505-524, 1995-08-25

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

1

著者

菊池 秋雄

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝學雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.1-21, 1924

被引用文献数

11

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I. ON THE RELATION BETWEEN CULTIVATED VARIETIES AND WILD SPECIES IN THE GENUS <i>Pyrus</i> OF THE ORIENT.

著者

森脇 大五郎

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3-4, pp.250-254, 1934 (Released:2007-11-30)

参考文献数

14

著者

Hitoshi KIHARA Koichiro TSUNEWAKI

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, pp.310-313, 1962 (Released:2007-05-21)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

13 32

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The frequencies of haploids in nucleus-substitution lines of T. vulgare var. erythrospermum and Taylor's Triticale having the cytoplasm of Aegilops caudata, were investigated and compared with those found in the ordinary strains.The haploid frequency of the former was 1.7%, while it amounted to 53% in the latter. No haploids were found in the respective controls. The differences are significant in both cases.This result indicates that an alien cytoplasm will increase the tendency of a species to develop parthenogenetically haploid embryos. The difference between T. vulgare var. erythrospermum and Taylor's Triticale indicates that different genotypes respond differently to the same alien cytoplasm.The use of an alien cytoplasm provides a new means for artificial production of haploids.

著者

Motohiro Akashi Shota Harada Syunsuke Moki Yuki Okouji Kiwamu Takahashi Shigeki Kada Keigo Yamagami Yasuhiko Sekine Satoru Watanabe Taku Chibazakura Hirofumi Yoshikawa

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-00071, (Released:2017-03-24)

被引用文献数

3

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We developed an insertion sequence transposition detection system called the "jumping cat assay" and applied it to the Bacillus subtilis chromosome using IS256Bsu1 derived from B. subtilis natto. The high frequency of transposition enabled us to explore host factors; combining the assay and genetic analyses revealed that recA is essential for the transposition of IS256Bsu1. Detailed analyses using various domain mutants of recA demonstrated that this essentiality is not related to the function of recA in homologous recombination. Instead, the ATP binding and hydrolysis function seemed to be crucial for IS transposition. To elucidate the role of recA, we focused on the muB gene of the enterobacteriophage Mu. Based on information from the NCBI Conserved Domain Database, both MuB and RecA belong to the P-loop dNTPase superfamily. Further experiments revealed that muB complements the transposition-defective phenotype of a recA deletant, although it could not rescue UV sensitivity. These results suggest that recA shares a common function with muB that helps the transposition of IS256Bsu1 in B. subtilis.

著者

尾崎 安之助

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.6, pp.301-304, 1939 (Released:2007-05-21)

著者

Sadao ICHIKAWA Chizu ISHII

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1, pp.27-40, 1991 (Released:2005-11-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

17 18

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Somatic pink mutation frequencies in the stamen hairs of Tradescantia BNL 02 clone grown for 76 days in two soil samples taken from the Bikini Island (where a hydrogen bomb explosion test had been conducted in 1954) were investigated. A significantly high mutation frequency (2.58±0.17 pink mutant events per 103 hairs or 1.34±0.09 pink mutant events per 104 hair-cell divisions) was observed for the plant grown in one of the two Bikini soil samples, as compared to the control plants (1.70±0.14 or 0.88±0.07, respectively) grown in the field soil of Saitama University. The soil sample which caused the significant increase in mutation frequency contained 6,880±330 mBq/g 137Cs, 62.5±4.4 mBq/g 60Co, and some other nuclides; a 150 μR/hr exposure rate being measured on the surface of the soil sample. The effective cumulative external exposures measured for the inflorescences of the plant grown in this soil sample averaged at most 60.8 mR, being too small to explain the significant elevation in mutation frequency observed. On the other hand, internal exposure due to uptake of radioactive nuclides was estimated to be 125 mrad (1.25 mGy) as an accumulated effective dose, mainly based on a gamma-spectrometrical analysis. However, it seemed highly likely that this value of internal exposure was a considerable underestimate, and the internal exposure was considered to be more significant than the external exposure.

著者

芳賀 〓

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.4, pp.235-240, 1939 (Released:2007-05-21)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

2 2

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コジマエンレイサウの花瓣はしばしば雄蕋へ變化します。變化の程度は種々で, 最も著しいものは雄蕋と同じ形をとります。變化した花瓣の大部分は, その葯に相當する部分に正常な花粉を作ります。總計136個の花の内の55 (40.4%) はこの變化を示しました。双生花莖に着く花(56.0%) は, 單生花莖に着く花 (31.4%) に較て約2倍の異常花を示します。花瓣の變化は花の大さに無關係に起り, また同一個體でも年により違つた花を開きます。即ち變化の形や程度は遺傳的形質と認められませんが, 變化に對する内的性質はこの植物の遺傳子型に屬するものと考へられます。この植物 (n=15) の染色體組は, 花瓣の無いエンレイサウ (n=10) と花瓣を具へてゐるオホバナノエンレイサウ (n=5) との間の六倍雜種であることを暗示して居ます(未發表)。このことば花瓣の變化と關聯して甚だ興味深い事柄と考へられます。

著者

SADAO ICHIKAWA

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.35-40, 1973 (Released:2007-05-21)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

11 8

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Potted plants of Tradescantia ohiensis KU 7 clone (heterozygous for flower color) were exposed to 60Co gamma rays and/or scattering radiation in the gamma field of the National Institute of Radiation Breeding. Somatic mutation rates were scored in the stamen hairs for 16 days, and the genetic effects of direct gamma rays and scattering radiation were compared. Scattering radiation was proved to be about 27 or 25% more efficient in inducing somatic mutations than the direct gamma rays from 60Co source.

著者

Abbasali Emamjomeh Bahram Goliaei Ali Torkamani Reza Ebrahimpour Nima Mohammadi Ahmad Parsian

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.6, pp.259-272, 2014-12-01 (Released:2015-05-02)

参考文献数

70

被引用文献数

7

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Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are highly important because of their main role in cellular processes and biochemical pathways; therefore, PPI can be very useful in the prediction of protein functions. Experimental techniques of PPI detection have certain drawbacks; hence computational methods can be used to complement wet lab techniques. Such methods can be applied to PPI prediction as well as validation of experimental results. Computational algorithms can lead to many false PPI predictions, which in turn result in non-adequate performance. We have developed a novel method based on combined analysis, entitled PPIccc. Three different descriptors for PPIccc included gene co-expression values, codon usage similarity and conservation of surface residues between protein products of a gene pair, which combined to predict PPI. Validation of results based on Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD) indicated improvement of performance in our proposed method. The results also revealed that conservation of surface residues between proteins in combination with codon usage similarity of their related genes increase the performance of PPI prediction. This means that codon usage similarity and surface residues between proteins (only sequence-based features) can predict PPIs as good as PPIccc.

著者

Satoshi Ishishita Yoichi Matsuda

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.2, pp.63-75, 2016-04-01 (Released:2016-10-13)

参考文献数

144

被引用文献数

6

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Hybrid incompatibility is important in speciation as it prevents gene flow between closely related populations. Reduced fitness from hybrid incompatibility may also reinforce prezygotic reproductive isolation between sympatric populations. However, the genetic and developmental basis of hybrid incompatibility in higher vertebrates remains poorly understood. Mammals and birds, both amniotes, have similar developmental processes, but marked differences in development such as the XY/ZW sex determination systems and the presence or absence of genomic imprinting. Here, we review the sterile phenotype of hybrids between the Phodopus dwarf hamsters P. campbelli and P. sungorus, and the inviable phenotype of hybrids between two birds of the family Phasianidae, chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) and Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). We propose hypotheses for developmental defects that are associated with these hybrid incompatibilities. In addition, we discuss the genetic and developmental basis for these defects in conjunction with recent findings from mouse and avian models of genetics, reproductive biology and genomics. We suggest that these hybrids are ideal animal models for studying the genetic and developmental basis of hybrid incompatibility in amniotes.

著者

Hideo Hatase Ryusuke Sudo Kunihiro K. Watanabe Takashi Kasugai Tomomi Saito Hitoshi Okamoto Itaru Uchida Katsumi Tsukamoto

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.5, pp.423-426, 2008 (Released:2009-01-24)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

8 19

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We verified whether telomere length shortens with age in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) by measuring telomere lengths (relative telomere to single copy gene [T/S] ratios) in whole blood and epidermis from 20 captive individuals with a real-time PCR method. There was no significant correlation between age and relative T/S ratios in blood. Although the correlation between age and relative T/S ratios in epidermis was not significant, older turtles had smaller relative T/S ratios in epidermis. It was thus demonstrated that telomere length in epidermis could be a useful age estimator for sea turtles. Relative age information obtained with this simple, rapid, non-invasive technique may help to advance our understanding of the ecology of endangered sea turtles. This is the first publication on age-related changes in telomere length among chelonians.

著者

Masako TANIMURA Kikuko MIYAMURA Naokazu TAKEDA

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.137-150, 1985 (Released:2006-07-25)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

9 17

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With the aim of elucidating the origin and the route of transmission of enterovirus 70 (EV70), we constructed a phylogenetic tree using the base sequence variation deduced from the oligonucleotide map of the virus genomes of 16 strains isolated between 1971 and 1981 in different parts of the world. For this purpose, we estimated the evolutionary rate of EV70, taking advantage of the fact that the dates of isolation of the strains are precisely known. Furthermore, the divergence times between viruses were estimated using base sequence variation, the evolutionary rate and the sampling times of the strains. The phylogenetic tree and the divergence times between the branches were estimated simultaneously by UPGMA. The phylogenetic tree constructed is in good agreement with epidemiological evidences of EV70, indicating the valid estimation of the tree. It is also shown that the evolutionary rate of EV70 is extremely rapid and constant.

著者

Saki Sunaga Noriyoshi Akiyama Ryutaro Miyagi Aya Takahashi

出版者

日本遺伝学会

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15-00061, (Released:2016-03-25)

被引用文献数

3

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Molecular mechanisms underlying standing genetic variation of an ecologically relevant trait such as pigmentation trait variation in a model insect, Drosophila melanogaster, are relevant to our understanding of different kinds of intergenomic interactions. In this study, we focused on the association between body pigmentation and stress resistance, and on genotype-by-environment interaction, both of which are likely to contribute to the persistence of phenotypic variation in a natural population. First, we detected a significant association between pigmentation traits in females and starvation resistance (darker strains were weaker) and a weak association between pigmentation and chill coma recovery time (darker strains showed shorter recovery time) among 20 inbred strains from the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), which originated from a natural population in North America. These associations revealed a complex relationship between body pigmentation and physiological traits that may give rise to balanced selective forces acting on the traits under fluctuating environmental conditions. Second, using four of the DGRP strains, a substantial degree of genotype (strain) × environment (rearing temperature) interaction was detected among expression levels of the genes encoding effector enzymes in the melanin biosynthesis pathway. These interactions can potentially reduce the efficiency of purifying selection on the pigmentation traits over a wide range of temperature conditions. Finally, we discuss possible mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of the standing pigmentation variation in this species.