著者

清水 晃 岡田 幸助 河野 潤一 寺西 永 木村 重 矢挽 輝武 南條 巌

出版者

神戸大学農学部

雑誌

神戸大学農学部研究報告 (ISSN:04522370)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.p259-267, 1987

被引用文献数

1

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兵庫県下の1養豚場で発生した豚の皮膚病について, その発生状況ならびに細菌学的および病理学的検索を行い, 次のような結果を得た。1. 1979年8月, ランドレース種で, 生後2∿3日齢の1腹10頭中7頭に皮膚病の発生が認められ, うち3頭が死亡した。2. 皮膚病の症状は, 滲出性表皮炎のそれと極めて類似していた。皮膚の異常は鼻, 眼瞼周囲, 耳の発疹に始まり, 重症例では全身の表皮および被毛に粘稠に富む滲出物が膠着し, 黒褐色を呈した。3. 皮膚炎の病理組織学的変化は, 表皮の細菌塊を伴う滲出物, 錯角化症, 上皮細胞の空胞化と壊死, 棘細胞症などの病像を認め, 滲出性表皮炎と診断された。4. 発症豚の皮膚病変部および死亡豚の心臓, 肝臓, 腎臓, 脾臓からS. hyicus subsp. hyicusを分離した。また, 母豚の乳頭周辺部からも該菌が検出された。5. 分離株のS. hyicus subsp. hyicus型別用セットによるファージ型別では, 供試菌18株中17株が型別され, 型別可能株はS9/S39/S188とS9/S188の2つのファージ型に分けられた。発症豚7頭中5頭はS9/S39/S188のファージ型で, 残り1頭と死亡豚では両ファージ型菌が同時に検出された。また, 健康な母豚の乳頭から分離された菌株も, この2つのファージ型を示した。このことより, 今回の滲出性表皮炎にはこの2菌型が関与していたことが示唆された。6. 分離株18株の3濃度ディスク法による薬剤感受性は, 全株がPC, PcA, PcM, SPM, LCM, CM, TC, KM, GMおよびCERに高度の感受性を示した。7. 発症豚に対し, アルコール, グリセリン, クレゾール混合液を全身に塗布して治療を試みたところ, 軽症例では, 症状は漸次軽減した。本論文の要旨は, 1984年4月, 第97回日本獣医学会において発表した。 / In August, 1979,a type of dermatitis occurred suddenly in 7 newborn pigs of a litter, 2 or 3 days old, on a farm in Hyogo prefecture. Three of the affected pigs died 3-9 days after the onset of the disease. It presented symptoms qutie similar to those of exudative epidermitis. Eczeme and eruption extended from the auricular and abdominal region to all over the body. The surface of the body was covered by the exudate and its color turned dark brown. Histopathologic examination of skin from a dead pig revealed lesions characterized by exudation and accumulation of parakeratotic cellular debris on the epidermal surface, vacuolar degeneration and acanthosis of the epidermis. Coccoid bacterial organisms were abundant in the epidermal exudate. Necrosis and ulceration of epidermis were seen in severe lesions. From the above findings, the pig was diagnosed as exudative epidermitis. Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus was isolated in pure culture from the skin lesions of the affected pigs, and from parenchymatous organs (heart, liver, kidney and spleen) of the dead pig. The organism was also isolated from the teat of the mother sow of the previously described pigs. A total of 18 isolates of S. hyicus subsp. hyicus from the pigs with exudative epidermitis and the mother sow were subjected to phage typing using the 4 S. hyicus phages, S9,S13,S39,and S188. Seventeen isolates (94.4%) were typable at routine test dilution and were differentiated into 2 phage patterns of S9/S39/S188 (n=11) and S9/S188 (n=6). All of the 18 isolates were highly sensitive to penicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, spiramycin, lincomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, kanamycin, gentamicin and cephaloridine.

著者

東 順三 長沢 藤延

出版者

神戸大学農学部

雑誌

神戸大学農学部研究報告 (ISSN:04522370)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.325-330, 1975

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含有粘土の種類を異にする土壤における粒団生成の実態を明らかにする目的で, 前報のハロイサイト系人工土壤における粒団の造成実験に引続き, 本報ではモンモリロナイト系人工土壤(ベントナイト粘土・海砂・ガラス玉混合物)に腐植, アルミニウム, 鉄および土壤改良剤(アロン・ソイラック)を施用し, 前報と同様に, 湿潤と湿乾交代の二通りの条件下で1・3・6か月間インキュベートして粒団の造成実験を行った。1. モンモリロナイト系人工土壤においては無施用区にも少量の粒団が生じたから, 膨潤性で高い和水性と電荷を持つ粘土では極性の高い水で加湿されると粒子が相互に引き合ってゲル状に集合し, その一部が比較的強固に連結して耐水性になることがわかった。2. アルミニウム単用区は湿潤条件でインキュベートすると高い粒団生成効果を発揮した。しかし湿乾交代条件でインキュベートすると粒径の大きな粒団が形成されなかったから, アルミニウム単独による土粒連結は耐久性の低いことがわかった。3. 腐植単用区ではほとんど粒団生成が認められなかった。しかし腐植とアルミニウムとを併用すると, 両成分が複合して土粒間の連結に関与し, しかもこの粒団は耐久性が高く, 湿乾交代条件下においても注目すべき高い粒団生成効果を発揮した。4. 土壤改良剤のアロンとソイラックの粒団生成効果は中位程度であった。5. 鉄単用区では肉眼的にも特異な泥塊状の集合体を形成し, その粒団化度は中位で, アルミニウムのように高い粒団生成機能を持たないことがわかった。 / Each of humus, aluminum, iron and soil conditioners was added singly or in combination to a montmorillonite-artificial soil consisting of bentonite, sand stone, and glass beads, and these soils were incubated at a constant humidity, or under the alternate humid and dry condition. The amount of aggregate produced in each soil was determined by wet-sieving after one, three and six months, respectively. 1. Some aggregates were formed even in a control soil owing to the character inherent in the clay, montmorillonite, contained. 2. The aggregate formation of this artificial soil was noticiably affected by the condition of incubation in case of single addition of aluminum. Namely, aluminum showed a remarkable effect upon the aggregate formation under the condition maintained at a constant humidity, but the effect was hardly found under the alternate humid and dry condition. It may, therefore, be considered that the aggregates produced through bridging with hydrous aluminum are relatively unstable. 3. Regardless of the condition, the formation of water-stable aggregates was greatly stimulated when humus was applied in combination with aluminum, whereas each of humus and aluminum was without effect when applied singly. From these reslts, it may be noticed that humus and aluminum have a noticeable additive effect, through their interaction, on the process of water-stable aggregates formation. 4. The effect on aggregate formation was intermediary with each of iron, soilluck (polyvinyle alcohol) and aron (sodium polyacrylate), respectively. 5. The formation of peculiar massive aggregate was brought about by the single addition of iron below, but not above, a certain quantity. Such aggregate was not produced when iron was applied in combination with other materials. From these findings, it may be understood that the behavior of iron differs from that of aluminum.

著者

河野 潤一 清水 晃 梅田 史郎 木村 重

出版者

神戸大学農学部

雑誌

神戸大学農学部研究報告 (ISSN:04522370)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.p85-92, 1990

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日本産およびアメリカ産肝蛭を家兎に単数感染させ,各種変化について検索した。臨床症状は認められなかった。肝蛭卵および沈降抗体の検出時期は多数感染例と同様であった。肝病変は,肉眼的にも組織学的にも軽微であった。血液性状は,白血球数および好酸球数の若干の増加を認めた。血清の生化学的性状は,日本産肝蛭感染家兎において感染後9-10週に,GPT活性および総コレステロールの上昇を認めたが,そのほかでは著しい変化はなかった。肝蛭単数感染家兎の胆嚢から採集した虫卵の孵化率は,多数感染例におけるそれより低率であった。感染虫体の発育状況は,単数および多数感染例とも同様であった。 / Rabbits were experimentally infected either perorally with a single metacercaria or intraperitoneally with a newly excysted juvenile fluke of Japanese Fasciola sp. and American Fasciola hepatica. No clinical signs were noted. Fluke eggs were first detected in feces at the 63rd and 53rd post infection days for F. sp. and F. hepatica, respectively. Precipitating antibodies were first detected in sera at the 4th post infection week for both of the Fasciola species. Gross lesions showing adhesions, haemorrhages, nodules, scars, hyperplasia of connective tissue and thickening of the bile duct were all moderate. Histopathologically, tract lesions and haemorrhages were noted. In hematological examinations, no remarkable changes were observed in erythrocyte counts, leukocyte counts and hemoglobin content. Eosinophil percent increased in 6-8 weeks after infection. In biochemical examinations of sera, no remarkable changes were noted in concentrations of total protein, albumin and globulin, and the GOT activity. The GPT activity and total cholesterol concentration increased at the 10th and 9th post infection weeks, respectively, in the rabbits infected with F. sp. Hatching rates of fluke eggs that were collected from the gallbladder of the infected rabbits were 5-46% for F. sp. and 7-51% for F. hepatica. While, hatching rates of eggs that were collected from those infected with a multiple dose of Fasciola were 18-57% for F. sp. and 67-81% for F. hepatica. Body size and development of the inner organs of the flukes recovered from the rabbits that were infected with a single dose were the same as those recovered in the infections of multiple dose of the Fasciola species.

著者

堀尾 尚志 居垣 千尋 佐々木 圭一 牧 大助

出版者

神戸大学農学部

雑誌

神戸大学農学部研究報告 (ISSN:04522370)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.117-122, 1982

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Among the steering modes of farm tractor, the crab-steering has hardly been taken up in production and also in research. That mode of steering may be unapplicable to manual operating that has made familiar with normal mode of steering for long time, but because the vehicle with that mode can always hold its body in a certine direction, that type has a profitable property for the automatic guidance in field operation, and positional relation of sensor and implement is one-dimensional problem and attaching point of sensor to body is unrestricted. This type vehicle can not turn, but travelling of field operation necessitates no turning in many kinds of operations except at head land. At head land, it may be solved to change steering mode. The authors aspect to the property of crab-steering and aimed to develop the automatic guidance system with this steering mode. In this paper, the stability of relay-control system of automatic guidance was considered with describing-function method, and the results of tracking tests with trial vehicle were discussed and considered by means of time varying Fourier coefficients of tracking pass.