著者

安田 寛

出版者

Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements

雑誌

Biomedical Research on Trace Elements (ISSN:0916717X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.125-140, 2017-01-25 (Released:2017-03-16)

参考文献数

89

---

The importance of zinc for human health has been recognized since the early 1960s, but today there is little concern about zinc deficiency in developed countries. We measured the zinc concentration in hair from 28,424 Japanese subjects (18,812 females and 9,612 males) and found that 1,754 individuals (6.17 %) had zinc concentrations lower than the -2 standard deviations level (86.3 ppm) of its control reference range, which qualifies as zinc deficiency. A considerable proportion of elderlies and children (20 % or more) were found to have marginal to severe zinc deficiency. A minimum zinc concentration of 9.7 ppm was observed in a 51-year-old woman; this concentration was approximately 1/13 of the mean reference level. The prevalence of zinc deficiency in adults increased with aging from 1-2 % in the young to a peak of 19.7 % in the 8th decade of life, and decreased to 3.4 % or less in the longevities above 90-year-old. The prevalence of zinc deficiency in children aged 0–9 years was 29.9 % in males and 33.8 % in females.In the study for 1,967 children with autistic disorders (1,553 males and 414 females), 584 individuals (29.7 %) were found deficient in zinc, and its deficiency rate in infantile group aged 0–3 years was 43.5 % in male and 52.5 % in female. Next to zinc, 347 (17.6 %) and 114 (5.8 %) individuals were deficient in magnesium and calcium, and 2.0% or less in the other essential metals such as iron, cupper or manganese. In contrast, 339 (17.2 %), 168 (8.5 %) and 94 (4.8 %) individuals were found suffering from high burden of aluminum, cadmium and lead, and 2.8 % or less from mercury and arsenic burden. These findings suggest that infantile zinc deficiency and toxic metal burdens may epigenetically play pivotal roles as environmental factors in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and that metallomics approach helps lead to early screening and intervention/treatment of the neurodevelopment disorders.This review demonstrates that infant and elderly are liable to zinc deficiency and that many infants with autistic disorders are suffering from zinc deficiency and toxic metal burdens, suggesting the presence of “infantile time window” in neurodevelopment and probably for therapy. These findings suggest that early assessment and intervention of zinc deficiency is possibly effective for infants with autistic disorders and essential for normal development, health and longevity.

著者

Masahiro Kawahara Ken-ichiro Tanaka Midori Kato-Negishi

出版者

Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements

雑誌

Metallomics Research (ISSN:24365173)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.rev-47-rev-65, 2021-12-15 (Released:2022-01-29)

参考文献数

176

---

Aluminum (Al) is the third most abundant element in the earth’s crust. However, because of its specific chemical properties, Al is not essential for life, and it exerts various adverse effects on plants, animals, and humans. In particular, Al is a widely recognized neurotoxin. The association between Al and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease dementia in the Kii Peninsula and Guam has been suspected. However, controversy has persisted for several decades. Based on recent epidemiological, analytical, and toxicological studies, we review the detailed characteristics of Al neurotoxicity and revisit its link to Alzheimer’s disease and other diseases. The daily intake of Al and its bioavailability linked with adverse effects on human health are also described.

著者

Masahiro Kawahara Keiko Konoha Tetusya Nagata Yutaka Sadakane

出版者

Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements

雑誌

Biomedical Research on Trace Elements (ISSN:0916717X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.211-220, 2007-10-01 (Released:2008-04-04)

参考文献数

56

---

Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust. However, it is not essential for life. Owing to its specific chemical properties, aluminum inhibits more than 200 biologically important functions and causes various adverse effects. It is suggested that the exposure to aluminum has a relationship with neurodegenerative diseases including dialysis encephalopathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinsonism dementia in the Kii Peninsula and Guam, and Alzheimer's disease. However, these relationships still remain elusive. Furthermore, the complexity of bioavailability has difficulty in evaluation of aluminum toxicity. In this paper, we review the detailed characteristics of aluminum neurotoxicity and bioavailability based on the recent literatures, and discuss its biological fate and effects to human health. Considering its long half-life in the body, unnecessary exposure to aluminum should be avoided for human health.

著者

Munehiro Yoshida Ayumi Mukama Ryota Hosomi Kenji Fukunaga

出版者

Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements

雑誌

Biomedical Research on Trace Elements (ISSN:0916717X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.28-34, 2017-05-22 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

22

---

Although high dietary iodine intake due to consumption of edible kelp (kombu) is observed, there are few health problems associated with iodine in Japan. Since several kinds of isoflavones contained in soybeans act as goitrogens, the consumption of soybean may modify the adverse effects of excess iodine derived from kombu. In the present study, to clarify the effects of eating soybean meal on thyroid function and tissue distribution of iodine, we measured iodine content of serum and several organs in rats fed casein diet or soybean meal diet with or without kombu powder. Four types of experimental diet (casein diet, casein diet with 5% kombu, soybean meal diet, soybean meal diet with 5% kombu) were prepared using dried kombu powder (Saccharina diabolica; iodine content, 7.18 mg/g). Twenty-four male 4-week-old Wistar rats were divided into four groups and fed these four diets for four weeks each. No significant differences were observed in animal growth, thyroid weights, serum total thyroxine, triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations among the four groups. Irrespective of dietary protein (casein or soybean), the iodine content in thyroid gland of all four groups was significantly increased to a similar level by the administration of kombu. Iodine concentrations in serum, liver and kidney were also increased by the kombu, but the increases of iodine in these tissues were significantly lower in rats fed soybean than in those fed casein indicating that soybean meal reduced the content of iodine in serum, liver and kidney. These results suggest that the consumption of soybean products could prevent the manifestation of adverse effects due to an excess iodine intake from kombu.

著者

Manfred Anke Mario Müller Christine Hoppe

出版者

Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements

雑誌

Biomedical Research on Trace Elements (ISSN:0916717X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.183-187, 2005 (Released:2006-04-20)

参考文献数

22

---

Nine generations of goats receiving 2.5 to 6.5 mg Al/kg feed dry matter (DM) developed significantly increased mortality, impaired success of first insemination, an increased rate of abortions and, in the fourth generation, a distinct weakness of the hindlegs. Aluminum-poor nutrition led to significant variations of Al contents of aorta, spleen and bones. This effect of aluminum-poor nutrition was also evident in chickens. The normative requirement of animals is < 10 mg Al/kg diet DM. A potential daily normative aluminum requirement - if it should exist - is < 2000 μg, on the average of a week. The aluminum requirement of animals and man is satisfied by the natural aluminum offer.