著者

宇山 浩

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.6, pp.161-168, 2013 (Released:2013-08-02)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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For issues of energy crisis and global environmental pollution by greenhouse gases, polymers based on renewable resources have become increasingly important, contributing to building sustainable society. This review deals with recent development of bio-based polymers. Practical issues of biomass plastics, new biomass plastics, production of common plastics from biomass, polymeric materials from natural polymers, and plant oil-based polymers are mentioned.

著者

清 賢二

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.5, pp.125-132, 2010 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

2

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An all weather running track is the common term to describe a rubberized artificial running surface for the sport of track and field athletics. In this article, history, structure-property relationship, and recent progress of the surface material in the all weather running track were reviewed.The first all weather running track was developed in the middle of 1960’s under the trade name of “Tartan tracks”, and in 1967, it was installed in Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium. Though several coliseum introduced such tracks, it was turned to be clear that the durability of the surface material was not high enough against the Japanese weather. Since then new surface materials composed of mainly polyurethane has been developed. In these days, inner structure of the truck as well as surface materials were chosen to contribute to the safety and amenity for the athletes and to the new records.

著者

山本 祥正

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.10, pp.443-449, 2009 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The present review describes chemical modification of natural rubber, consisting of cis-1,4-polyisoprene, to introduce functional group. Natural rubber was first purified with urea in latex stage to remove proteins which inhibit precision control of the chemical modification. The resulting purified natural rubber was subjected to radical and ionic chemical reaction. Introduction of hydroxyl group, carbonyl group or functional polymer at allylic position of cis-1,4 isoprene unit was achieved with radical initiator to prepare liquid natural rubber and graft-copolymer, while it was reacted with hydrogen, peroxycarboxylic acid, carbon dioxide, water and polylactide to introduce hydrogen, epoxide, carbonate, hydroxy group and tetrahydrofuran, and ester at olefinic position, respectively.

著者

田島 健次

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.12, pp.406-411, 2012 (Released:2013-08-02)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

---

Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer in nature and is utilized in a wide variety of industries. Although plants produce the most cellulose, some animals and bacteria also produce cellulose. Acetobacter (=Gluconacetobacter), which is a Gram-negative bacterium, produces cellulose called bacterial cellulose (BC) from glucose on the surface of a culture medium. Even in plants, there is little knowledge concerning the mechanisms of cellulose biosynthesis. Due to its ease of handling, Acetobacter xylinum (A. xylinum) has been studied as a model organism of cellulose production. BC has exceptional physicochemical properties, such as ultrafine reticulated structure, high crystallinity, high tensile strength, high hydrophilicity, moldability during formation, and biocompatibility, although its chemical structure is the same as those of the cellulose produced by plants and algae. These remarkable characteristics are of interest for the development and manufacture of a wide range of materials, such as food matrices, dietary fiber, acoustic membranes, special biomaterials. In this article, I introduce cellulose synthesis by bacteria (features and applications) and the synthetic mechanism of BC.

著者

山崎 俊一

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協會誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.4, pp.229-235, 1999-04-15

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1 3

著者

高野 良孝 丹野 博実 鮫島 博

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.103-115, 1967

被引用文献数

1

---

主要なゴム, 合成ゴムの日常使われるブレンド系につき低温における緩和弾性率の挙動から相溶性を考察し, 特にNBR, CRのような耐寒性不良のゴムのブレンドによる低温性改善につき調査検討した.ブレンド系としては, NBR-NR, SBR, BR, CR-NR, SBR, BR, SBR-NR, BR-SBR につき検討した.<BR>代表的なNR-NBR系につき, 凍結破断面のレプリカ法による電子顕微鏡写真から, NRの海相中に直径数μ程度のNBRの島相が浮かぶミクロ不均一分散系を推定し, しかもNBR分率0.6~0.8間に海相, 島相が転相することを確認した.緩和弾性率の温度依存性からも両相は明らかに分離しているが, 単純海島機械混合系とはやや挙動が異なり, この点につき考察した、扱ったブレンド系のうちNR-CR, NBR-BR, NBR-SBR, CR-SBR, CR-BRはNR-NBRとほぼ同様な挙動を示す2相分離系であり, SBR-BRは相溶性良好で, NR-SBRはそれらの中間を示した.以上の結果から, ブレンドゴムの低温挙動およびNBR, CR, SBR, などのNR, BRブレンドによる耐寒性改善法につき考察した.<BR>また低温におけるNRやCRの結晶化硬化を防ぐ具体的な良法は現在ないが, 相溶性良好な非結晶性ゴムをブレンドすることにより, 著しく結晶化速度がおそくなることがわかった.

著者

劔 実夫 今村 州男 馬場 孝 伊良部 光男

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.8, pp.636-641, 1967

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各種市販有機ゴム薬品 (酸化防止剤, 加硫促進剤等) をBRおよびSBR-イオウ加硫系に配合した加硫物, およびそれら薬品を含まないBR-オキシム, 過酸化物加硫物 (いづれもHAF配合) をCo-60γ線で照射し, 前報と同様にその放射線劣化防止能力について検討した。その結果次のことがわかった。<BR>1) BR加硫物は1×10<SUP>8</SUP>γで, SBR加硫物は5×10<SUP>7</SUP>γで急激に100%引張応力が増加し, 典型的な橋かけ型ポリマーであることがわかった.<BR>2) アンチラッドを添加するとその性質は若干改善されるがアンチラッドを添加した際でもBRは5×10<SUP>7</SUP>γ~1×10<SUP>8</SUP>γで, SBRは1×10<SUP>8</SUP>~5×10<SUP>8</SUP>γで急激に機械的性質は低下した.<BR>3) 一般にアンチラッドを添加した場合その効果がNRの場合に比して顕著であった.<BR>4) 窒素中と空気中照射の100%引張応力の変化率に大きな差はなかった.<BR>5) BRのイオウ加硫物に対してGMF加硫物Dicup加硫物はNRのそれと同じ傾向を示していることがわかった。

著者

金成 大輔 岡松 隆裕

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.6, pp.198-203, 2012 (Released:2013-08-02)

参考文献数

11

---

Temporary flat tire repair kit is one of the most interesting technologies spreading in the car equipment trends, and is going to be equipped more and more because the kit occupies the less space in the vehicles than that of the old-fashioned spare tire, making the inside space of the car to be utilized more freely. In this paper, authors describe commercially available repair kits for passenger car from the viewpoint of technical development. These kits can be classified by the mechanism of repairing a puncture and the discharging way of the sealant into the inside of the tire. Typical requirements for the sealant and formulation have been reviewed. In addition, the latest development for enhancing user and environmental friendly system has also been introduced.

著者

Yuji SAIKI

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.8, pp.237-241, 2011 (Released:2012-03-27)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1 4

---

The polarizer is an indispensable optical element to liquid crystal display (LCD). PVA-iodine polarizer is utilized to various LCD widely for the excellent optical property. The PVA-iodine polarizer is prepared by stretching and dyeing PVA with iodine. The characteristic of PVA-iodine polarizer is controlled by quantity and orientation of two complexes of I3– and I5–. The technologies and the technical trends of polarizer for LCD are introduced.

著者

山下 晋三

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.357-374, 1981

被引用文献数

2 1

著者

釼 実夫 今村 州男 馬場 孝 伊良部 光男

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.5, pp.388-393, 1967

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各種市販有機ゴム薬品 (酸化防止剤, 加硫促進剤等) をNR-オキシム加硫系およびNR-過酸化加硫物系に配合した加硫ゴムをCo-60r線で照射し, ブランクとの比較からその放射線劣化防止能力を検討した. その結果次のことがわかった.<br>1) 100%引張応力の空気中と窒素中との差が著しく大きかった.<br>2) 窒素中での100%引張応力の増加に対し, 空気中の100%引張応力がかなり低く, 空気中においてはそれほど網目数が増加していないことを示している.<br>3) 過酸化物加硫物においてDPG, OTBを含む試料およびブランクは空気中1×10⁷<i>r</i>までの照射でそれぞれ測定不可能となった.<br>4) 過酸化物加硫物において特にイミダゾール系のものに関しては他のものと異なった100%引張応力の変化がみられた.<br>5) 添加したアンチラッドはイオウ加硫でもみたように全体を通じそれほど大きな効果は認められなかった.

著者

ヂェカスコ フレデリックP

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.9, pp.197-202, 1948

著者

釼 実夫 今村 州男 馬場 孝 伊良部 光男

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.8, pp.633-635, 1967

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各種市販有機ゴム薬品 (酸化防止剤, 加硫促進剤等) をIIR-イオウ加硫系に配合した加硫物 (いずれも<I>l</I>-CaCO<SUB>3</SUB>を含む) と上記薬品を含まないIIR-イオウ, オキシム加硫物 (いずれもHAFを含む) をそれぞれCo-60γ線で照射し, その放射線効果について検討した.この際, 伸長度100%引張応力.引張強さの三者につき照射前後の値を比較検討して, その結果次のことがわかった.<BR>1) IIR加硫物は5×10<SUP>6</SUP>γ~1×10<SUP>7</SUP>γでその性質は急激に低下し, 5×10<SUP>7</SUP>γで粘稠性を帯びて物理的性質の測定は不可能になつた.<BR>2) 伸長度には大きな変化はないが引張強さは線量の増加とともに低下し, 典型的な崩壊型ゴムである.<BR>3) 市販老化防止剤, 加硫促進剤をアンチラッドとして使用してもその効果はまったく認められなかった.

著者

井上 隆

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協會誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.12, pp.461-466, 2005-12-15

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Theoretical aspects of polymer-polymer interface are discussed. The interfacial thickness, the interfacial tension, and the adhesive strength are described as a function of the interaction parameter and the molecular weights of component polymers. When both component polymers have reactive sites, the coupling reaction takes place at the interface and the block or graft copolymers are formed. Melt-mixing of such reactive system is called "reactive blending" and "reactive processing". By an emulsifying effect of the <i>in situ</i>-formed copolymer, the morphology could be tuned up; i.e., the size of dispersed particles can be reduced down to sub-μm to optimize the material properties. This may be a commonly accepted story for the ambiguous but convenient term "<i>compatibilization</i>". Another interfacial behavior recently found is the pull-out of the <i>in situ</i>-formed copolymer by the external shear forces. It renders a new approach for the 10nm morphology control in reactive blending. Such interfacial aspects are successfully applied for the materials design; e.g., super-tough polyamide, high-temperature polyamide alloy for Pb-free solder, high-temperature poly(phenylene ether) alloy, and non-viscoelasic nylon alloy. The dynamic vulcanization is a unique reactive blending which leads to a two-phase material consisting of the crosslinked rubber particles and a matrix of thermoplastic polymer. Strain recovery mechanism of the two-phase material is discussed.

著者

光橋 義陽 畠山 潤 大武 義人 古川 睦久

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協會誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.3, pp.98-102, 2005-03-15

被引用文献数

1 4 3

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In order to elucidate the degradation behavior of NBR caused by high concentration chlorine water, NBR samples corroded in 200ppm chlorine water and in pure water were analyzed by means of EPMA, FT-IR and XPS. The degradation process of the NBR corroded in high concentration chlorine water is considered as follows: (1) an α-H of the butadiene double bond in NBR molecule is subject to substitution by chlorine; (2) the chlorinated NBR abstracts an α-H in another NBR molecule to cause the elimination of HCl, which generates polymer radicals; (3) the polymer radicals thus produced add to polybutadiene double-bonds in the other NBR. It is concluded that residual chlorine reacts with NBR by chlorination and oxidation mechanisms and that these reactions lead to hardening and degradation of NBR through the increase in the crosslinking density.

著者

若山 恭三 林田 正

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.8, pp.513-521, 1975

著者

三谷 雄二 中谷 健司

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.8, pp.256-261, 2011 (Released:2012-03-27)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 3

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The touch panel has accomplished big development as an input device to the information equipments, recently.Touch panel market growth is mainly caused by the expansion of multi-touch technology.Moreover, the market expansion has further promoted the growth of new applications and the diversification in touch position detection method.We explain the recent advances in touch screen in this report.

著者

山田 宗範

出版者

THE SOCIRETY OF RUBBER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYY, JAPAN

雑誌

日本ゴム協會誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.3, pp.112-118, 2007-03-15

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When international exhibitions faced difficulties, the EXPO 2005 was succeeded in showing the continuous significance and a new model for international exhibitions or world fares. In order to emphasize and deepen the EXPO's theme "Nature's Wisdom" toward solving global problems and to stir citizens to action, a variety of experimental projects were conducted from four viewpoints: application of cutting-edge technologies; adoption of new social systems; participation by NGOs and citizens; sharing of diverse cultures and values. These experiments were deeply interconnected and served as a model for sustainable society. The EXPO 2005, which had a major impact on the mindset and behavior of over 22 million visitors, particularly young people, earned an international reputation as a "leading project" of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development from 2005 to 2014, which was proposed during the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg, South Africa, and adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2002. As a part of international exhibition movement, the EXPO 2005 is communicating its concepts and achievements at every opportunity in the international arena in order to realize the aim of contributing to the solution of global issues.