著者

山田 昌弘

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, pp.25-38, 1998-10-20

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In Japanese the word "kodomo" has two meanings, one is child(vs.adult)another is offspring(vs.parent). As a result, a gap has formed between the sociology ofeducation which deals with children and sociology of family which deals with theparent-child relations. G.W.F.Hegel and Takaaki Yoshimoto discussed the prototype of modern child rearing as a coincidence of the period of childhood and "offspering hoods". They stressed that parent-child relations disappear when offspring become adult. Thus, these are two traits of modern parent-child relationships. One is that parents have to find meaning child rearing because parents cannot expect financial compensation for their efforts. The major motivation of child rearing for parents in modern society is "love". However, love-relation between parents and children are incomplete because only parents feel love. That is the other characteristic of modern child rearing. But, because parents's love is incomplete they could believe in the presence of love. Modern society can be divided into the public sphere and private sphere (family), and the adult sphere and child sphere. In modern prototype quadrands B & C (figure 1)did not exist. So children were restricted into the quadrands. [figure] Recently because of longevity, the B quadrand has been appearing and also because of 'schoolization', the C quadrand has been appearing. The enlargement of the BC quadrand causes crisis in the meaning of child rearing for parents. In order to feel conviction in the presence of love relationship with children, parents need the evaluation by adult offspring and public evaluator (such as school). Therefore, parents have come to question why they must rear their children.