著者

シャール サンドラ

出版者

京都大学

巻号頁・発行日

2006-03-23

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新制・課程博士

著者

シャール サンドラ

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.3-21,158, 2003-10-31 (Released:2016-05-25)

参考文献数

21

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At first glance, it looks as if we know a lot about the lives of the women who, born in needy rural areas, worked in the silk spinning industry in prewar Japan. Many researchers have described their poor working and living conditions in the silk spinning mills, giving us a hint of what the reality of their lives might have been. Still, because they almost systematically investigated this topic in the macroeconomic context of the Japanese industrialization, they mainly criticized its negative consequences and argued that these workers, exploited and oppressed, led a horrendous life in these mills. Therefore, most people remember them as victims and commonly refer to the history of their lives as "the pitiful history of women workers" (jokou aishi). But what do the women who worked in the silk spinning industry in prewar Japan have to tell us about their own version of their past? Did they consider themselves as victims and describe their experience in pitiful terms at all? Very few scholars have looked for some answers to these questions. In this respect, this study, which is based on the analysis of oral testimonies by ex-spinning mills' operatives, aims at reexamining this "pitiful history of women workers" through the lens of life history, so as to try and get, a fuller understanding of how these workers perceived their experience at the factory. This study revealed that a positive representation of these women workers is indeed possible. If the informants often described their work as "hard", they did not go as far as presenting themselves as exploited victims of the factory system. On the contrary, many of them insisted on the numerous sources of joy and content, not to mention a certain "window on modernity" factory life offered their workers. In this perspective, one can think that, for most of these women, "the factory experience" may at least have been a lesser evil than the life they led at their parents' home.

著者

シャール サンドラ

出版者

Japan Oral History Association

雑誌

日本オーラル・ヒストリー研究 (ISSN:18823033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.136-163, 2006-03-24 (Released:2018-12-10)

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戦前日本における製糸業の女性労働者(女工)の状況は多数の研究者によって研究されてきた。しかしながら、彼らは、この論題を日本資本主義の形成史と関係づけマクロな制度史的視点から考察したため、工業化がもたらした矛盾に主として焦点を当て、女工たちが工場内で苦しい生活を送っていたということを主張した。このようにして、女工たちに犠牲者のイメージを与える「女工哀史」という社会意識は強固に再生産されていった。だが、戦前日本における製糸工場に就労した者の聞き取り調査の検討に基づいた本分析は、彼女たち自身の生活世界のポジティブな表象も可能であるということを示す。語り手は、糸とりの仕事を「難しい」としばしば語っていても、自分自身を工場制度の犠牲者として描いているまでには至らない。それどころか、貧しい農村家庭に生まれた多くの者にとっては、等しく戦前期が厳しい時代であっただけでなく、工場生活においては良い面も多かった、と語り手は我々に伝えている。こうしてみると、たとえ「(女工)哀史」が事実であったとしても、むしろそれを農村社会の貧乏な家族が日常を行き抜くための現実の戦いと関係付けて考えるほうがよいのではないか。