4 0 0 0 OA 2050年の金属使用量予測
- 著者
- 原田 幸明 島田 正典 井島 清
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本金属学会
- 雑誌
- 日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.71, no.10, pp.831-839, 2007 (Released:2007-10-01)
- 参考文献数
- 8
- 被引用文献数
- 11 12
Forecasting are made regarding the consumption up to 2050 of following metals: Fe, Al, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Si, Sn, rare earths, Mo, Li, Sb, W, Ag, Co, In, Au, Ga, Pt and Pd. The forecasts are based on the liniar decoupling model of the relation between per capita metal consumption and per capita GDP. The models of each metal are applied to the economic development model of BRICs and G6 countries. According these forecasts, the overall consumption of metals in 2050 will be five times greater than the current levels, and demand for metals, such as Au, Ag, Cu, Ni, Sn, Zn, Pb, and Sb, is expected to be several times greater than the amount of their respective reserves. Demand for iron and platinum, which is considered to be optimistic about the resource exhaustion, will also exceed the current reserves. Urgent measures are needed to find alternatives from common resources and to shift into materials circulation society.
1 0 0 0 OA 関与物質総量(TMR)の算定:エネルギー資源および工業材料のTMR
- 著者
- 中島 謙一 原田 幸明 井島 清 長坂 徹也
- 出版者
- 日本LCA学会
- 雑誌
- 日本LCA学会誌 (ISSN:18802761)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.2, no.2, pp.152-158, 2006 (Released:2007-08-21)
- 参考文献数
- 11
- 被引用文献数
- 13 20
TMR (Total materials requirement), which refers to the total amount of overburden and rock, were estimated as a fundamental data in this study. 10 kinds of TMR of energy resource and power generation and 62 kinds of TMR of industrial material were approximately estimated based on LCI data. Moreover, a recycle flow analysis based on TMR was proposed. From a result of a study on ELV (End-of-Life Vehicle) recycle flow, followings were shown. 1) A dismantling process which is a pretreatment process for shredding was main process for ELV recycle. Most of Metals, which have large amount of TMR, were collected in the dismantling process. 2) Copper is main component of ASR (Automobile Shredder Residue).
1 0 0 0 OA 環境材料設計基準に資するマテリアルリスク指標
地球環境問題に対応するサスティナブルな物質・材料の設計・選択・評価に資するための、物質・材料のマテリアル・リスク指標を、"持続的供給リスク"、"環境変動リスク"、および"毒性リスク"としてとらえ、それぞれに対する指標を数値化した。この数値化において、元素ごとに共通の手法を用いることで横断的な比較を可能とし、材料や部材の設計に用いることができるようにした。さらに、これらの指標の適用方法を"持続的供給リスク"を表す関与物質総量を中心に例示した。とくに、リサイクルの適用に関して実際のリサイクル技術の開発と合わせて都市鉱石化の評価に関与物質総量を用いるという新しい適用方法も明らかにした。