3 0 0 0 OA 入院患者における転倒・転落に関する向精神薬の処方薬調査
- 著者
- 脇 由香里 吉見 陽 千﨑 康司 宮田 はるみ 伊東 亜紀雄 相馬 孝博 上田 裕一 毛利 彰宏 山田 清文 尾崎 紀夫 野田 幸裕
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本医療薬学会
- 雑誌
- 医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, no.8, pp.475-480, 2011 (Released:2012-08-30)
- 参考文献数
- 16
- 被引用文献数
- 1 1
Falls and fall-related injuries among inpatients are one of the most important concerns in medical safety management and sometimes cause a significant decrease in activities of daily living (ADL). It has been suggested that the adverse reactions of psychotropic drugs related to their sedative-hypnotic, cognitive deficit producing and muscle reaction-related effects are closely associated with falls.In this study, we examined a relationship between the risk of falls and psychotropic drugs based on prescriptions in fall incident reports at Nagoya University Hospital in a 12-month period beginning in April 1, 2005. In July 2006, we conducted an educational intervention involving instructing health care staff on the optimal use of psychotropics. After doing this, we examined prescriptions in fall incident reports over a 12-month period beginning in April 1, 2006. The results showed a decrease in fall incidence due to long-acting drugs in 2006 as compared with 2005 and this indicated that, among psychotropics, sedativehypnotic-anxiolytics were one of the highest risk factors for falls. These results suggest that an educational intervention can be an effective means of reducing the number of falls and fall-related injuries among inpatients.
1 0 0 0 OA コンプライアンスの向上を目的としたアムホテリシンB (AMPH) 製剤の剤形の改善
- 著者
- 梅村 雅之 伊東 亜紀雄 鍋島 俊隆
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本医療薬学会
- 雑誌
- 医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.28, no.1, pp.16-21, 2002-02-10 (Released:2011-03-04)
- 参考文献数
- 17
In hematopoietic cell transplantation, amphotericin B (AMPH) syrup is widely used for the prevention of local fungal infections in the intraoral and gastrointestinal tracts. However, the dosage compliance tends to be poor due to its unpleasant taste. We therefore developed a candy preparation for AMPH in order to improve compliance. In this study, we examined the thermostability, stability under storage and the dissolution pattern of AMPH in this preparation. The oral contents of AMPH after administration in the candy preparation were also measured in healthy volunteers. A low calorie sweetener was heated to melt and cooled down to several temperatures (150-190°C). After cooling, AMPH syrup or powder grinding tablets were added (9 mg/ 3 g/piece : the final contents). The results of a thermostability examination show that AMPH was not affected at 150°C, however, it tended to be damaged at higher temperatures. When one piece of AMPH candy preparation was administered for 30 sec to healthy volunteers, the oral concentration of AMPH is higher than 100μg/mL for 10 min, which is more than the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Candida albicans. Furthermore, the results of a texture test using healthy volunteers indicate that the taste, i.e., flavor, feel on the tongue, etc of the candy preparation made from syrup was superior to that made from powder. These results suggest that a sufficient oral concentration of AMPH to prevent fungal infection was obtained in this candy preparation. As a result, this candy preparation may improve not only the dosage compliance but also the QOL of the patients.