1 0 0 0 OA スポーツにおける人間疎外の原因と克服に関する研究
- 著者
- 周 愛光 片岡 暁夫
- 出版者
- Japan Society for the Philosophy of Sport and Physical Education
- 雑誌
- 体育・スポーツ哲学研究 (ISSN:09155104)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.17, no.1, pp.17-37, 1995 (Released:2010-04-30)
- 参考文献数
- 69
The purpose of the present study was to try to make the cause and conquest of man's alienation in sports cleared by analyse the phenomenon of man's alienation in sports from viwes of commercialization of sports culture, division of labor, and commodity economy.The results obtained from this study are as follows:1. Although there are value and use value in sports culture, it can not become goods because of no exchange value in it, But the sports culture in realistic society can be commercialized by attached exchange value from outside. While, for completely losing the nature of culture, the commercialized sports culture is just a sport goods.2. As long as the sports culture be commercialized, The phenomenon of man's alienation will be produced. Because at this time the player is not the end but only the means of sport activity. So the commercialization of sports culture is the direct and principal cause of man's alienation in sports.3. Because sports is a realistic existence, It must be restricted by society. So the causes of man's alienation of society, such as, division of labor and commodity economy are the indirect and basic cause of man's alienation in sports.4. It is important for overcoming the phenomenon of man's alienation in sports to overcome the commercialization of sports culture. But the phenomenon of man's alienation in sports can only be relatively but not absolutely overcome untill the division of labor and commodity economy be completely overcome.
1 0 0 0 OA スポーツにおける競争と人間疎外に関する一考察
- 著者
- 周 愛光
- 出版者
- Japanese Society of Sport Education
- 雑誌
- スポーツ教育学研究 (ISSN:09118845)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, no.2, pp.89-102, 1992-11-30 (Released:2010-08-10)
- 参考文献数
- 50
The purpose of this study was to show, by using Georg Simmel's theory of competition, that competition in sport does not cause man's alienation at any rate. For that purpose, first Simmel's concept of competition was identified, and then the relationship between competition in sport and man's alienation was analysed from cultural and social viewpoints.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) Competition is a type of battle defined by such essential moments as “indirectness/non-violence”, “justice/equality” and “social utility”, It is a sociological concept, and there is no competition in culture as it is. So it is illogical to argue that the competition in sport culture causes man's alienation.(2) Sport culture is actualized through sport society, which is an interaction of sport performers and others concerned. Competition in sport, as one form of socialization, has no direct connection with the performer's aims or intentions. In other words, it is a value-free concept. So competition in sport society does not cause man's alienation.(3) Such acts as violence, cheating, etc. do not belong to competition because they do not connote the essential moments of competition. Therefore, it is a logical perversion to argue that competition in sport causes man's alienation because of the occurrences of violence or cheating.(4) The immediate result of competition in sport is objective achievement of sport performance. The result has no direct connection with man's alienation, but can be a factor of it depending on how the social relations are. However, competition itself must be clearly distinguished from the results of it. So, competition in sport has no causal relationships with man's alienation.In short, according to Simmel, competition in sport is not the cause of man's alienation in any sense, Therefore we should reject such claims that attribute man's alienation in sport to competition.