著者

齋藤 百枝美 村上 勲 厚味 厳一 土屋 雅勇 夏苅 英昭

出版者

Japanese Society of Drug Informatics

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.1-9, 2014-05-30 (Released:2014-06-09)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2

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Objective: In this study, we evaluated to examine the short-term educational effects for drug abuse prevention, including lectures and students’ awareness of drug abuse.Method: A questionnaire consisting of eleven items and SD method-based image survey were conducted three times, prior to and following the lectures and after the summer vacation for first-year students of the Department of Pharmacy.Results: The numbers of responses to the questionnaire surveys conducted prior to and following the summer vacation were 323 (response rate: 95.8%) and 332 (response rate: 97.9%), respectively.  When asked: “Do you think that people should be allowed to use cannabis (illegal herbal drugs) as long as they do not cause any trouble to others”, 2.8 (3.4) and 6.9 (6.6)% of students answered “Yes” after the lectures prior to the summer vacation and following it, respectively; there were both increased.  Following the summer vacation, 28.6% of students answered “Yes” to the question: “Have you ever seen or heard of people using cannabis or illegal herbal drugs ?”  A total of 2.1% of students had been “solicited to use cannabis or illegal herbal drugs”, and all of them stated that it would be “easy to obtain illegal herbal drugs”.  As the reason for drug abuse by young people, 140 students (42.2%) cited “curiosity”, and 81.6%, or 271 students, stated that they would “refuse” to use any illegal drugs even if they were asked to do so.  The results of the SD method-based image survey suggested significant changes in students’ awareness of drug abuse during the summer vacation; they had the image of little risk on drug abuse prevention following the vacation.Conclusion: The effects of learning were not maintained in some first-year students because they faced a variety of temptations during the short summer vacation and their normative consciousness and images of drug abuse easily changed.  Therefore, it is necessary to provide lectures for new students to help them acquire accurate knowledge of drug abuse, enhance their normative consciousness, and increase their self-awareness as health care professionals, develop curriculums on a continuing basis, and deploy specialists so that students with psychological problems as identified by the survey, including stress, escapism, mental weakness, and anxiety, can consult them.

著者

齋藤 百枝美 野舘 敬直 丸山 桂司 土屋 雅勇 渡邊 真知子 丹羽 真一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.3, pp.369-379, 2012-03-01 (Released:2012-03-01)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 3

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We established a practical training program to nurture pharmacists who can give smoking cessation instructions. The program was provided to 85 interns (45 males and 40 females) in Teikyo University Hospital. The one-day practical training was provided to groups comprised of five members each. The training consisted of studies on the adverse effects of smoking, general outlines of the outpatient smoking cessation service, experiencing Smokerlyzer, studies about smoking-cessation drugs, studies about a smoking cessation therapy using cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing, and case studies applying role-playing. Before and after the practical training, we conducted a questionnaire survey consisting of The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) and the assessment of the smoking status, changes in attitudes to smoking, and willingness and confidence to give smoking cessation instructions. The overall KTSND score significantly dropped from 14.1±4.8 before the training to 8.9±4.8 after the training. The confidence to give smoking cessation instructions significantly increased from 3.4±1.9 to 6.2±1.3. Regarding the correlation between the smoking status and willingness and confidence to give smoking cessation instructions, the willingness and confidence were lower among the group of interns who either smoked or had smoked previously, suggesting that smoking had an adverse effect. A total of 88.2% of the interns answered that their attitudes to smoking had “changed slightly” or “changed” as a result of the training, indicating changes in their attitudes to smoking. Given the above, we believe that our newly-established smoking cessation instruction training is a useful educational tool.

著者

寺山 和利 渡部 多真紀 渡辺 茂和 三浦 邦久 土屋 雅勇

出版者

一般社団法人 日本ペインクリニック学会

雑誌

日本ペインクリニック学会誌 (ISSN:13404903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.32-38, 2020-02-25 (Released:2020-03-04)

参考文献数

29

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【目的】痛みの評価はVASなど主観的方法が汎用されている.客観的評価ツールであるPainVision(PV)が痛みの測定に有用であるか,外用NSAIDsの薬効をPVとVASで評価した.【方法】被検者は成人ボランティア33名とした.試験薬剤はインドメタシン・ケトプロフェン・ジクロフェナク・フェルビナクを主成分とする外用NSAIDs 19剤を用いた.鎮痛効果はPVとVASを用いて検討した.【結果】PVとVASはr=0.681(p<0.01)と相関を示した.クリーム剤のミカメタン,テイコク,ユートクはインテバンに比べ有意差をもって強い鎮痛効果を示した(p<0.05).ゲル剤のエパテック,ナボールはイドメシンに比べ有意差をもって強い鎮痛効果を示した(p<0.05).【結論】PVが痛みの評価に有用なツールである可能性を示した.外用NSAIDsは主成分や剤型により鎮痛効果が異なるため,医師や薬剤師が薬剤を選択する際には,鎮痛強度の違いを考慮すべきである.

著者

松木 祥彦 塚本 哲也 細山田 真 渡部 多真紀 渡辺 茂和 土屋 雅勇

出版者

Japanese Society of Drug Informatics

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.51-56, 2013 (Released:2013-09-05)

参考文献数

17

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Objective: In previously reported comparisons of aminoglycoside antimicrobials administered once daily versus multiple administration, toxicity was found to be equal or lower while efficiency remained high.  However, there are few reports on the clinical condition of targeted elderly persons.  The objective of this study was to evaluate the once-daily dosing regimen of 400 mg of AMK involving elderly pneumonia patients aged 75 years or older with regard to clinical evaluation including the efficacy and toxicity.Methods: A survey to clinically evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of 400 mg AMK administered once daily for 30 min at 24 h intervals was carried out.  One hundred twenty-seven patients with pneumonia and who were 75 years or older at Funabashi General Hospital were targeted, with the aim of an expected clinical effect of Cmax/MIC≥ 8-10.  Serum concentration monitoring was carried out after administration began.Results: There were 121 patients (95.3%) of controlled AMK concentration with a trough serum concentration of <10 μg/mL, which is a safe concentration range.  There were 6 patients (4.7%) where trough serum concentration in the toxic range >10 μg/mL, with an average at 15.1±5.0 μg/mL, and the average administration days were 7.5 ± 3.3 days.  Moreover, before/after AMK administration, there were 3 patients (2.4%) where CRE values increased more than a 150% over the previous values, and were evaluated as renal dysfunction.  Average trough serum concentration at that time was 3.6 ± 1.1 μg/mL, and average number of days of administration were 13 ± 1.4 days.  Patients of trough serum concentration in the toxic range >10 μg/mL were not included.  The average peak serum concentration calculated by Winter’s pharmacokinetic parameter and the 1-compartment model was 35.3 ± 8.0 μg/mL, and the average Cmax/MIC which correlates with the AMK effect was 9.9 ± 2.2.  The treatment was effective for 83 (65.4%) of the 127 patients.Conclusion: By once-daily administration of AMK 400 mg to aged persons 75 years or older, change in trough serum concentration into a safe range and Cmax/MIC≥ 8-10, the level at which clinical effectivity can be expected, could be achieved.  This administration method is shown to be useful in maintaining AMK in the target serum concentration range for aged persons.