著者
前田 拓真 大井川 秀聡 小野寺 康暉 佐藤 大樹 鈴木 海馬 栗田 浩樹
出版者
一般社団法人 日本脳卒中の外科学会
雑誌
脳卒中の外科 (ISSN:09145508)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.5, pp.397-404, 2023 (Released:2023-10-04)
参考文献数
12

神経外視鏡手術が脳神経外科臨床にも導入され,その有用性が報告されている.当科では2021年から脳血管外科手術を神経外視鏡化するプロジェクトに取り組み,2022年は大部分の手術を神経外視鏡下で行っている.今回,顕微鏡手術からの移行期における脳動脈瘤手術の治療成績を検討した.対象は2021年1月から2022年8月までに当院で開頭手術を行った未破裂脳動脈瘤連続134例のうち,開頭クリッピング術を行った132例とした.神経外視鏡と顕微鏡の両群間で患者背景,セットアップ時間,手術時間,周術期合併症の有無,退院時予後について後方視的に検討を行った.神経外視鏡は75例(55.1%)で選択された.両群間で年齢・性別などの患者背景に有意差を認めなかった.両群で専攻医の執刀率が最も高く(65.3% vs. 59.0%),セットアップ時間(63分 vs. 62分),手術時間(295分 vs. 304分),周術期合併症(5.3% vs. 3.3%),退院時予後良好(97.3% vs. 95.1%)は両群間で有意差を認めなかった.アンケート調査では,画質(78.9%),明るさ(84.2%),操作性(73.7%),教育(57.9%)などにおいて,神経外視鏡がより高い評価を得た.一方で,助手の操作性については課題も明らかとなった.神経外視鏡は高画質,デジタルズームによる従来以上の強拡大,head-up surgeryによる疲労軽減,接眼レンズをもたない小型なカメラで視軸の自由度が大きいなどのメリットを有する.神経外視鏡は開頭クリッピング術においても有用であり,trainer,traineeの経験がともに少ない初期経験においても,許容可能な治療成績であった.
著者
小野寺 康 佐藤 優子 佐藤 魁星 渡部 誠也 佐々木 信也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本トライボロジー学会
雑誌
トライボロジスト (ISSN:09151168)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.20-00011, (Released:2020-12-02)
参考文献数
21

Friction reduction by engine oil under low temperature as well as high temperature conditions are required because of the increasing number of hybrid vehicles where bulk oil temperature is low. Friction modifier (FM) technology to realize it is required. Friction performance of MoDTC, which works well at high temperature, used with adsorption type friction modifiers, which work well at low temperature, was investigated. Low molecular type, glycerol monooleate (GMO) inhibited friction reduction performance of MoDTC while polymer type FM showed little inhibition. Surface analysis indicated that the reaction film by MoDTC was not existed when the GMO was used together while it existed when it is used with polymer FM (PFM). The cause of the difference was studied by their adsorption performance examined by quartz crystal microbalance. GMO showed high adsorption density, while PFM showed low adsorption density compared to that of MoDTC. The result indicated that GMO competitively adsorbed on the surface, inhibiting the reaction film formation by MoDTC while polymer FM does not. The study indicated that use of the polymer FM with MoDTC is one of the solutions of FM design that works under both high and low temperature.
著者
小野寺 康 佐藤 優子 佐藤 魁星 渡部 誠也 佐々木 信也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本トライボロジー学会
雑誌
トライボロジスト (ISSN:09151168)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.1, pp.77-85, 2021-01-15 (Released:2021-01-15)
参考文献数
21

Friction reduction by engine oil under low temperature as well as high temperature conditions are required because of the increasing number of hybrid vehicles where bulk oil temperature is low. Friction modifier (FM) technology to realize it is required. Friction performance of MoDTC, which works well at high temperature, used with adsorption type friction modifiers, which work well at low temperature, was investigated. Low molecular type, glycerol monooleate (GMO) inhibited friction reduction performance of MoDTC while polymer type FM showed little inhibition. Surface analysis indicated that the reaction film by MoDTC was not existed when the GMO was used together while it existed when it is used with polymer FM (PFM). The cause of the difference was studied by their adsorption performance examined by quartz crystal microbalance. GMO showed high adsorption density, while PFM showed low adsorption density compared to that of MoDTC. The result indicated that GMO competitively adsorbed on the surface, inhibiting the reaction film formation by MoDTC while polymer FM does not. The study indicated that use of the polymer FM with MoDTC is one of the solutions of FM design that works under both high and low temperature.
著者
渡邉 保奈美 小野寺 康 佐藤 魁星 川田 将平 佐々木 信也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本トライボロジー学会
雑誌
トライボロジスト (ISSN:09151168)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.67, no.3, pp.191-200, 2022-03-15 (Released:2022-03-15)
参考文献数
20

Ionic liquids containing halogens have good lubricity, however, they are reported to cause corrosive wear. In contrast, halogen-free ionic liquids do not cause such corrosive wear, but they do not have good lubricity comparable to the halogen-containing counterparts. In this study, we focused on specific halogen-free boron-containing ionic liquids that exhibited low friction performance. The performance was mainly due to its boron-containing anions, because it was realized with both phosphonium-based and ammonium-based cations. Surface analysis and scratch test with atomic force microscope (AFM) were conducted with phosphonium-based cations to clarify the low friction mechanism. The boron-containing ionic liquid, [BOB][P66614], showed lower friction of around 0.01, which was much lower than MoDTC-containing engine oils did. The cause of the ultra-low friction with [BOB] [P66614] is thought to be due to the fact that the reaction film formed by friction has a very smooth surface and suppresses contact between metals. On the other hand, another boron-containing ionic liquid [BMB] [P66614], which did not form a smooth surface, showed relatively high friction compared to [BOB] [P66614]. Scratch tests with AFM indicated that the softer reaction film derived from [BOB] [P66614] led to the formation of a smooth sliding surface.
著者
渡邉 保奈美 小野寺 康 佐藤 魁星 川田 将平 佐々木 信也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本トライボロジー学会
雑誌
トライボロジスト (ISSN:09151168)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.21-00014, (Released:2022-01-12)
参考文献数
20

Ionic liquids containing halogens have good lubricity, however, they are reported to cause corrosive wear. In contrast, halogen-free ionic liquids do not cause such corrosive wear, but they do not have good lubricity comparable to the halogen-containing counterparts. In this study, we focused on specific halogen-free boron-containing ionic liquids that exhibited low friction performance. The performance was mainly due to its boron-containing anions, because it was realized with both phosphonium-based and ammonium-based cations. Surface analysis and scratch test with atomic force microscope (AFM) were conducted with phosphonium-based cations to clarify the low friction mechanism. The boron-containing ionic liquid, [BOB][P66614], showed lower friction of around 0.01, which was much lower than MoDTC-containing engine oils did. The cause of the ultra-low friction with [BOB] [P66614] is thought to be due to the fact that the reaction film formed by friction has a very smooth surface and suppresses contact between metals. On the other hand, another boron-containing ionic liquid [BMB] [P66614], which did not form a smooth surface, showed relatively high friction compared to [BOB] [P66614]. Scratch tests with AFM indicated that the softer reaction film derived from [BOB] [P66614] led to the formation of a smooth sliding surface.
著者
小西 智也 小野寺 康 田中 宏昌 杉村 丈一
出版者
一般社団法人 日本トライボロジー学会
雑誌
トライボロジスト (ISSN:09151168)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.21-00010, (Released:2021-09-17)
参考文献数
20

Smoothing surface roughness by the use of additives is one of the promising approaches to reduce friction loss and wear under boundary lubrication. Effect of phosphorus anti-wear agents on controlling surface roughness is focused in this study. Zinc dithiophosphate (ZnDTP), generally used as an anti-wear agent for engine oil, formed rough surface by forming inhomogeneous phosphorus and sulfur films. In contrast, a particular neutral phosphorus agent that reduced surface roughness and prevented wear was found, which forms homogeneous phosphoric acid film. An acidic phosphorus agent also reduced surface roughness and reduced friction and promote low shear stress molybdenum disulfide film formation with Molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC), but it was accompanied with a large amount of wear. Use of the neutral and the acid phosphorus agents together realized low friction, reduced wear, and very smooth surface by forming reaction films composed of sulfur and phosphorus type films. The study indicates that forming a homogeneous phosphoric film of low shear strength by the use of specific phosphorous agents is one of a promising approach to establish and sustainable boundary film of low friction and low wear.
著者
小野寺 康 佐藤 魁星 渡部 誠也 佐々木 信也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本トライボロジー学会
雑誌
トライボロジスト (ISSN:09151168)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.5, pp.363-371, 2021-05-15 (Released:2021-05-15)
参考文献数
16

Friction reduction by engine oil under low and high temperature conditions is required because of the increasing number of hybrid vehicles where oil temperature is low. Friction modifier (FM) technology to realize it are required. Friction performance of molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) used with adsorption type FMs was investigated, which showed different results depending on types of adsorption type FMs: glycerol monooleate (GMO) inhibited friction reduction while polymer FM (PFM) did not. To understand the cause of the difference, the effect of reaction film formation by Zinc dithiophosphate (ZnDTP), which is crucial for the friction reduction by MoDTC, on adsorption type FMs was investigated. GMO inhibited the reaction film formation by ZnDTP, while PFM did not fully, observed with mini-traction machine spacer layer imaging (MTM-SLIM) and EPMA analysis. The cause was studied by their adsorption performance examined by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). GMO showed higher adsorption density, while PFM showed lower compared to that of ZnDTP. The result indicated that GMO competitively adsorbed on the surface, inhibiting the reaction film formation by ZnDTP while polymer FM did not. Adsorption performance under co-existence of PFM and ZnDTP indicated that ZnDTP is capable to adsorb on the surface under the existence of PFM. The study indicated that the key to achieve low friction is to use PFM which does not fully inhibit ZnDTP reaction film formation.
著者
小野寺 康之
出版者
北海道大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2011

ホウレンソウからは,雄株および雌株の他に雌雄双方の機能を備えた間性株も見出される.これらの多様な「性」はホウレンソウにおける効率的F1採種に必要な受粉制御技術を確立する上で重要な形質である.本研究では,性決定遺伝子座の構造解析を試みた.先ず,Y遺伝子座の解析からは,この遺伝子座を含む周辺領域は減数分裂期の相同組み換えが抑制された雄特異的領域であることが示唆され,この領域は少なくとも840 kbp以上である可能性が示された.さらに,この領域の一部の配列を決定した結果,大部分が新規のレトロエレメントで占められていた.その一方で,タンパク質コード候補遺伝子は僅かに4個しか見出されなかった.
著者
小野寺 康仁
出版者
北海道大学
雑誌
挑戦的萌芽研究
巻号頁・発行日
2013-04-01

これまでの研究から、糖代謝の制御はシグナル経路の制御と深く関与しており、組織構造の形成および維持に多大な影響を与えることが明らかとなった。本研究では、異なる細胞間の代謝協調が細胞-細胞間、細胞-微小環境間の相互作用を調節し、細胞の振る舞いを規定すると仮定して、そのメカニズムを明らかにするための新たな解析系の確立を試みた。第一に、異なる細胞から乳腺組織のような二層構造を得る方法の確立を試みた。第二に、特定の細胞のみに、標識したグルコース(13Cグルコースなど)を取り込ませることのできる新たなシステムを確立した。これらを用いて乳腺組織における筋上皮および管腔上皮間の代謝協調の解析を進めている。
著者
小野寺 康之
出版者
北海道大学
雑誌
若手研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2006

ホウレンソウには雄花のみを着生させる雄株および雌花のみを着生させる雌株に加え、雌花と雄花あるいは両性花が様々な比率で混成する多様な間性が見出される。これまでの研究で、我々は花器形態に基づいて5種類の間性自殖系統を雌雄異花同株および雌花両性花同株の二つのタイプに分類できることを明らかにした。さらに、雌花形成割合(雌性率)および各間性形質の遺伝様式に基づいて、これらの間性系統の性型を4型(I型〜IV型)に分類した。本研究では、これまで解析に用いてきた間性系統の中で最も雌性率が低く、雌雄異花同株タイプに属する系統(03-336)が示す1型間性の発現を支配する遺伝子の同定を試みた。03-009♀x03-336によって得られたF1個体を雄株(系統03-009:XY)と交配してBC1世代を作出し、2007年4月から6月にかけてこのBC1集団を北海道大学構内のビニールハウス内で育成した。当該F1集団および前述のBC1集団のおよそ半数からY遺伝子マーカーが検出されたことに加えて、それらの全ての個体が雌性率0%(雄株)を示したことからY遺伝子はI型間性の発現を支配する遺伝子に対して優性もしくは上位性を示すと結論づけた.さらに、このBC1世代(169個体)において,雄株:間性株:雌株=2:1:1の比に適合する分離が生じていることも判明した(x^2検定,ρ=0.372).雌雄決定遺伝子XおよびYに加えてI型間性遺伝子としてM遺伝子を想定することによって,雄株:間性株:雌株=2:1:1(XY;Mm:XY;mm:XX;Mm:XX;mm=1:1:1:1)の分離が当該BC1世代で生じることが説明できる.