- 著者
- 高橋 ひとみ/川端 秀仁/衞藤 隆
- 出版者
- 桃山学院大学
- 雑誌
- 桃山学院大学人間科学 (ISSN:09170227)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.45, pp.89-110, 2014-03-28
Children are given visual acuity tests at school. The purpose of the tests is to facilitate school education. There are two types of visual acuity: far- and near-vision visual acuity. Far-vision visual acuity is required, for example, when reading something written on a whiteboard in a classroom. On the other hand, near-vision visual acuity is needed when reading textbooks, notebooks, or when looking at computer screens. However, only far-vision visual acuity tests are typically included in medical examinations at public schools. We believe that a near-vision visual acuity test is necessary, and so in this paper we analyze some basic data about the relationship between children's near-vision visual acuity and their learning efficiency. For the purposes of the paper, we examined both far-vision and near-vision visual acuity, refraction test, questionnaire survey of children at an elementary school. We found that approximately20% of the children had poor, near-vision visual acuity. In addition,8% of the children had only poor near-vision visual acuity. We further found that children with poor far- and near-vision acuity had more learning difficulties compared with children of normal visual acuity. Among children with learning difficulties, the percentage of children with poor far-vision acuity was the same as that of children with poor near-vision acuity. Children whose far-vision visual acuity is found to be lacking are given remedial treatment. We therefore strongly recommend the addition of near-vision visual acuity tests in public schools so that children found to have near-vision acuity problems can be given treatment too. We have to carry out near-vision visual acuity tests and guarantee all children an opportunity to learn.
1 0 0 0 OA 簡易視野検査を導入した成人眼検診の試み
- 著者
- 川端 秀仁 角南 祐子 千葉 幸惠 麻薙 薫 村田 陽稔 柳堀 朗子 片桐 克美 鈴木 公典 藤澤 武彦
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本総合健診医学会
- 雑誌
- 総合健診 (ISSN:13470086)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.44, no.2, pp.387-397, 2017 (Released:2017-05-01)
- 参考文献数
- 9
- 被引用文献数
- 1 1
【目的】日本人の中途失明原因の第一位は緑内障であり、多くは正常眼圧緑内障と言われている。日本緑内障学会で行った疫学調査(多治見スタディ)によると、40歳以上の日本人の5%が緑内障でありうち72%が正常眼圧緑内障と報告されている。しかし、緑内障発見に有効である眼底検査は、2008年度以降の特定健康診査では、ごく限られた対象者にしか実施されていない。 近年安価で、小型軽量な簡易視野計(Frequency Doubling Technology Screener; FDT)が開発されたため、成人眼検診として出張検診で眼底検査とFDT検査を併用した場合の効果と有用性の検証を行った。【方法】2012年度秋に定期健康診断を実施している某企業の従業員2,392名のうち、同意を得て検診を行った892名(男738名、女154名)に成人眼検診(問診、視力、眼底検査、FDT検査)を実施した。判定は、日本緑内障学会のガイドラインに準拠した。また、緑内障疑いで垂直CD比(0.7≦垂直CD比<0.9)かつFDT検査が陰性の者を継続管理者として区分し、精密検査対象者には眼科受診を勧奨した。【結果】成人眼検診で所見が見られた(要精密検査73名、要医療12名)85名のうち、精密検査を受診した59名から、緑内障7名を発見した。40歳以上の成人眼検診結果では、緑内障有病率(補正後)は1.67%となった。 成人眼検診の緑内障(緑内障疑いおよび緑内障関連病を含む)に対する陽性的中率は89.5%となり緑内障の早期発見に有用であることが判った。 また、眼底検査に所見が無く簡易視野検査のみに所見を認めた11名の精密検査結果は、受診した9名中7名の内訳は緑内障1名、網膜神経線維束欠損1名、黄斑変性症3名、乳頭陥凹拡大1名、軽微な網膜異常1名であった。【結論】成人眼検診は、眼底検査では発見できなかった疾患を簡易視野検査で発見できた。また、緑内障発見に対する感度も高く、精密検査対象者の絞込みができ、有用な検診方法であることが認められた。
1 0 0 0 OA 近見視力検査の導入に向けて(8) : 近見視力と視覚情報入手の関連
- 著者
- 高橋 ひとみ 川端 秀仁 衞藤 隆
- 出版者
- 桃山学院大学
- 雑誌
- 桃山学院大学人間科学 (ISSN:09170227)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.41, pp.57-97, 2011-10-25
Children are given visual acuity tests at school. The purpose of the tests is to facilitate school education. There are two types of visual acuity: far-vision and near-vision visual acuity. Far-vision visual acuity is required, for example, when reading something written on a white board in a classroom. On the other hand, near-vision visual acuity is needed when reading textbooks, notebooks, or when looking at computer screens. However, only far-vision visual acuity tests are stipulated in the "School Health Law". As a result, a near-vision visual acuity test is not typically included in medical examinations at public schools. However, we believe that a near-vision visual acuity test is necessary, and so in this paper we analyze some basic data about the relationship between children's near-vision visual acuity and their vision-related behavior. For the purposes of the paper, we examined both far-vision and near-vision visual acuity tests of elementary school children. We found that children whose far-vision visual acuity was under 1.0 had 4 vision-related behavioral problems, and that children whose near-vision visual acuity was under 0.8 had six such problems. Children whose far-vision visual acuity is found to be lacking are given remedial treatment to improve their eyesight. We therefore strongly recommend the addition of near-vision visual acuity tests in public schools so that children found to have near-vision acuity problems can be given treatment too.