著者

高橋 ひとみ/衞藤 隆 衞藤 隆

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

人間文化研究 (ISSN:21889031)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.193-210, 2015-03-23

---

It is proposed that near-vision acuity tests be conducted in kindergartens and nurseries throughout the country and that infant medical checkups should also be carried out. This will allow early detection of and timely treatment for children with amblyopia. The younger the age at which these tests are carried out, the more effective they will be. If amblyopia is detected and treated by the age of 3, most children will be able to complete their treatment before reaching school age. This will enable them to begin their school life without being burdened by poor eyesight, and contribute to a society in which all children have equal access to compulsory education. To bring about that end, the introduction of "reliable" visual acuity tests over a short time is necessary. I considered the best form of visual acuity test from the standpoint of both the infant to be tested and that of the teacher carrying out the test. In order to ensure "reliability", it is necessary to use the Landolt Ring eye-mark, which meets definitions of eyesight. In addition, a picture-based eye-mark is recommended, as it is more likely to gain the understanding of the infant being tested. Avisual acuity test will be more effective if infants have already grown accustomed to the Landolt Ring during play. This picture book was devised with that aim in mind.

著者

高橋 ひとみ/衞藤 隆 衞藤 隆

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.1-18, 2015-07-27

---

The visual acuity test in a kindergarten and the nursery school is neglected. We can relieve a child becoming amblyopia by early detection, early treatment if we carry out the near visual acuity test in kindergartens, nursery schools of the whole country and an infant medical checkup. The curative effect is big approximately low age. We think that children can finish the amblyopia training if we can detect amblyopia at 3 years old before compulsory education begins. And we think that children can start school life without a burden by the poor eyesight. We hope at the society where all children can enjoy compulsory education fairly. We must perform the visual acuity test of the infant. To that end, the enforcement of the visual acuity test that "is reliable" for "a short time" is necessary. We devised a picture book and the visual acuity test kit. An infant can easily answer it that he is usually used to Landolt ring in a picture book. We do not perform it as an exercise of the visual acuity tests and hope Landolt ring to fit it while being fun, and playing.

著者

高橋 ひとみ/川端 秀仁/衞藤 隆

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

桃山学院大学人間科学 (ISSN:09170227)

巻号頁・発行日

no.45, pp.89-110, 2014-03-28

---

Children are given visual acuity tests at school. The purpose of the tests is to facilitate school education. There are two types of visual acuity: far- and near-vision visual acuity. Far-vision visual acuity is required, for example, when reading something written on a whiteboard in a classroom. On the other hand, near-vision visual acuity is needed when reading textbooks, notebooks, or when looking at computer screens. However, only far-vision visual acuity tests are typically included in medical examinations at public schools. We believe that a near-vision visual acuity test is necessary, and so in this paper we analyze some basic data about the relationship between children's near-vision visual acuity and their learning efficiency. For the purposes of the paper, we examined both far-vision and near-vision visual acuity, refraction test, questionnaire survey of children at an elementary school. We found that approximately20% of the children had poor, near-vision visual acuity. In addition,8% of the children had only poor near-vision visual acuity. We further found that children with poor far- and near-vision acuity had more learning difficulties compared with children of normal visual acuity. Among children with learning difficulties, the percentage of children with poor far-vision acuity was the same as that of children with poor near-vision acuity. Children whose far-vision visual acuity is found to be lacking are given remedial treatment. We therefore strongly recommend the addition of near-vision visual acuity tests in public schools so that children found to have near-vision acuity problems can be given treatment too. We have to carry out near-vision visual acuity tests and guarantee all children an opportunity to learn.

著者

青柳 直子 内山 有子 小林 正子 柴若 光昭 衞藤 隆

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.4, pp.173-181, 1999-07-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Based on a questionnaire survey carried out in July 1996, this study aims to evaluate the effects of barefoot education of schoolchildren in elementary schools, with respect to behaviourmodification concerning safety and healthy lifestyle. The subjects were 571 schoolchildren, 420from a school which conducted barefoot education for seven months from April to October and151 from a school which did not. The 420 children in the former were divided into one group(N=289, 76.1%) who were always barefooted and another (N=91, 23.9%) who were not. The major findings were as follows. 1. The comparison between the two schoolchildren groups revealed that the barefoot educationgroup developed more safety and health behaviour such as avoidance against hazardous objects on the schoolyard and in the classroom, hand-washing, and cleaning of gymnastic wear. 2. Within the schoolchildren in the barefoot education school, the?galways berefooted" grouppaid more attention to hazardous objects and did hand-washing more frequently, though significantly different items between the two groups were fewer than those in the between-schoolcomparison. This study suggests advantageous effects of barefoot education on development of safety and healty behaviour in schoolchildren.

著者

高橋 ひとみ 衞藤 隆 Hitomi Takahashi Takashi Eto 桃山学院大学法学部 東京大学教育学研究科

雑誌

桃山学院大学人間科学 = HUMAN SCIENCES REVIEW, St. Andrew's University (ISSN:09170227)

巻号頁・発行日

no.37, pp.35-61, 2009-10-20

---

In February 2009, we tested the far-vision visual acuity and near-vision visual acuity of school children at "A" elementary school, a municipal school. The purpose of the test was to examine whether the present far visual acuity test could also identify the children whose near visual acuity is bad. Based on the past study, we set the standard of near visual acuity at 0.8. We recommended that children whose near visual acuity was under0.8 see an ophthalmologist. There were many children whose far visual acuity was under 1.0, more than half of all children, especially in the upper grades. This result shows that there is concern with the control of children's eyesight after the test.On the other hand, more than ten percent of the children of each grade scored less than 0.8 in uncorrected vision. We found children who have trouble seeing near objects who are overlooked in the present far visual acuity test. We have to check children's near visual acuity in order to find children who have trouble with near visual acuity.

著者

高橋 ひとみ 川端 秀仁 衞藤 隆

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

桃山学院大学人間科学 (ISSN:09170227)

巻号頁・発行日

no.41, pp.57-97, 2011-10-25

---

Children are given visual acuity tests at school. The purpose of the tests is to facilitate school education. There are two types of visual acuity: far-vision and near-vision visual acuity. Far-vision visual acuity is required, for example, when reading something written on a white board in a classroom. On the other hand, near-vision visual acuity is needed when reading textbooks, notebooks, or when looking at computer screens. However, only far-vision visual acuity tests are stipulated in the "School Health Law". As a result, a near-vision visual acuity test is not typically included in medical examinations at public schools. However, we believe that a near-vision visual acuity test is necessary, and so in this paper we analyze some basic data about the relationship between children's near-vision visual acuity and their vision-related behavior. For the purposes of the paper, we examined both far-vision and near-vision visual acuity tests of elementary school children. We found that children whose far-vision visual acuity was under 1.0 had 4 vision-related behavioral problems, and that children whose near-vision visual acuity was under 0.8 had six such problems. Children whose far-vision visual acuity is found to be lacking are given remedial treatment to improve their eyesight. We therefore strongly recommend the addition of near-vision visual acuity tests in public schools so that children found to have near-vision acuity problems can be given treatment too.

著者

高橋 ひとみ 衞藤 隆 川端 秀仁

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2010

---

学校教育を円滑に進めるには、遠見視力と近見視力が必要である。現行の遠見視力検査のみでは、多様な「視力の問題」を抱える子どもの対処は不可能であることを明らかにし、教育現場へ近見視力検査を導入するために、時間・労力・費用が最少で、信憑性がある簡易近見視力検査を考案した。視力低下予防と視力改善の効果が認められた眼精疲労改善トレーニングと簡易近見視力検査の全国的な普及を図りながら、疫学的データー収集を行った。